{"id":4008,"date":"2010-01-15T14:13:34","date_gmt":"2010-01-15T11:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/01\/15\/din-gelenek-baski-sartlanmalarla-dolu-bir-seruven-cinsel-tarih\/"},"modified":"2010-01-15T14:13:34","modified_gmt":"2010-01-15T11:13:34","slug":"din-gelenek-baski-sartlanmalarla-dolu-bir-seruven-cinsel-tarih","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/15\/din-gelenek-baski-sartlanmalarla-dolu-bir-seruven-cinsel-tarih\/","title":{"rendered":"Din \/ Gelenek \/ Bask\u0131 – \u015eartlanmalarla dolu bir ser\u00fcven – Cinsel Tar\u0130h"},"content":{"rendered":"

Adem’le Havva’dan bu yana, seks, insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7as\u0131… Ancak, seks olgusunun \u00f6zg\u00fcrce konu\u015fulmas\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok yeni bir olay… Dinsel bask\u0131lar, gelenekler, g\u00f6renekler bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olguya \u00f6zg\u00fcrce, a\u00e7\u0131k kafayla yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f… Sonra “seks” denilince, uzun y\u0131llar, insan\u0131n akl\u0131na yaln\u0131zca kad\u0131nla erke\u011fin yata\u011fa girmeleri gelmi\u015f… Bu da bir \u015fartlanma… Seks ilgin\u00e7 bir konu. \u0130lgin\u00e7 kesitlerle dolu bir tarihi var. Bu yaz\u0131da, sizlere, seks tarihinin ilgin\u00e7 bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 sand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 takvim yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 getiriyoruz:<\/p>\n

\u0130.S. 14: Roma \u0130mparatoru Tiberius, tahta oturduktan hemen sonra, bakirelerin idam edilmelerini yasaklad\u0131. Bakirelerin idam cezalar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lmas\u0131n. Bu karardan sonra, cellatlar, cezan\u0131n infaz\u0131ndan hemen \u00f6nce, herkesin g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde, bakirelere tecav\u00fcz ederek, idam \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar<\/p>\n

\u0130.S. 138: “Jinekoloji” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131yla kad\u0131nlara ilk do\u011fum kontrol y\u00f6ntemini \u00f6neren Eski Yunanl\u0131 hekim Soranus \u00f6ld\u00fc. Efesli Soranus’a g\u00f6re, gebe kalmak istemeyen kad\u0131nlar, erke\u011fin bo\u015falma an\u0131nda derin bir nefes al\u0131p geri kayk\u0131larak, meninin rahime girmesini engellemeli, sonra diz \u00fcst\u00fc oturarak hap\u015f\u0131rmal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

875: \u0130sko\u00e7ya Kral\u0131 III. Ewen “gerdek hakk\u0131” denilen uygulamay\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Yine III. Ewen’\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yasaya g\u00f6re, “halktan ki\u015filerin kar\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde soylular\u0131n hakk\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00dclkenin kral\u0131 ise, soylular\u0131n en y\u00fccesi olarak, \u00fclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn bakirelerin bekaretleri \u00fcst\u00fcnde hak sahibiydi”. Bu uygulama orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7lerine kadar s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fti<\/p>\n

1072: \u0130talyan din adam\u0131 Pietro Damiani, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc bakireli\u011fin erdemlerini ve mutlaka korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlatarak ge\u00e7irdi. Gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlara seksin k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerini anlatt\u0131, genelevlerde vaazlar vererek fahi\u015feli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131. \u0130\u015fin ilginci, Damiani, bir fahi\u015fenin gayr\u0131me\u015fru \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015fti<\/p>\n

1191: Ha\u00e7l\u0131 seferlerinden birini ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in Marsilya liman\u0131na gelen \u0130ngiltere Kral\u0131 Arslan Y\u00fcrekli Ri\u015far, \u00f6nc\u00fc birliklerinin toplanan b\u00fct\u00fcn kampanya paralar\u0131n\u0131 fahi\u015felere harcad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, yeniden para toplamak i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere’ye d\u00f6nmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

1274: Katolik Kilisesi’nin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan olan \u00fcnl\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr St. Thomas Aquinas \u00f6ld\u00fc. Seksi “\u015fehvet’ olarak niteleyen Aquinas’a g\u00f6re, \u00e7ocuk d\u00fcnyaya getirmek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan seks d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc cinsel faaliyet, do\u011faya kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f bir su\u00e7tu. Ona g\u00f6re, \u015funlar yasakt\u0131: 1- Seks s\u0131ras\u0131nda gaddarl\u0131k, ac\u0131 verme; 2- E\u015fcinsellik; 3- Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u00fcst\u00fc yatmas\u0131yla yap\u0131lan y\u00fczy\u00fcze \u00e7iftle\u015fme d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her pozisyon; 5- Mast\u00fcrbasyon.<\/p>\n

1300: Rusya’da Lothardi tarikat\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bunlara g\u00f6re, erkekler, yer\u00fcst\u00fcndeyken \u00e7ok ahlakl\u0131 ya\u015famal\u0131, ancak yerin 9 metre dibine indikten sonra dilediklerini yapabilmeliydi. Bu tarikat, “kuyu ve ma\u011fara kaz\u0131c\u0131lar” tarikat\u0131 olarak da bilinir. B\u00fct\u00fcn toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yerinalt\u0131nda tam bir “seks alemi” gibi yaparlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

1382: “Seks” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ilk kez bas\u0131l\u0131 olarak, John Wycliffe’in incil \u00e7evirisinde yerald\u0131. Nuh’un gemisi anlat\u0131l\u0131rken, “Her t\u00fcr\u00fcn bir erkek seksinden, bir kad\u0131n seksinden, iki adedi binebildiler gemiye… ” deniliyordu.<\/p>\n

1415: Akrabalar\u0131yla zina, \u0131rza ge\u00e7me, adam \u00f6ld\u00fcrme ve dinsizlikle su\u00e7lanan Papa 23. John, papal\u0131ktan azledildi ve Bologna’ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. Orada 200 kadar bakire, kad\u0131n, dul ve rahibenin de 23. John’un ihtiraslar\u0131na kurban gitti\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor.<\/p>\n

1492: Frengi vakalar\u0131 Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131nda artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 1490′ lar\u0131n ortalar\u0131na do\u011fru salg\u0131n halini ald\u0131. Eski g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere g\u00f6re, frengiyi Avrupa’ya Kristof Kolomb’un gemicileri getirmi\u015flerdi. Ancak, daha sonra yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, frengi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 organizmalar\u0131n Avrupa’da daha \u00f6nce de var olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. “Frans\u0131z Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131” olarak da bilinen frengi, Frans\u0131z ordular\u0131n\u0131n Napoli’ye sald\u0131rmalar\u0131yla yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Frengi salg\u0131n\u0131 1495 yaz\u0131nda Hollanda’ya, 1496 yaz\u0131nda Almanya ve \u0130ngiltere’ye, 1498’de Orta Do\u011fu’ya ve Hindistan’a, 1505’te de \u00c7in’e s\u0131\u00e7ram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Frengiye yakalanan \u00fcnl\u00fcler aras\u0131nda Kardinal Cesare Borgia (yanda) da vard\u0131r (1500). Frenginin bilimsel ad\u0131 olan “syphilis”, ilk kez, italyan ozan Grolamo Fracostoro taraf\u0131ndan, “Syphilis ya da Frans\u0131z Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131” adl\u0131 \u015fiirinde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1546: \u00dcnl\u00fc Protestan reformcu Martin Luther \u00f6ld\u00fc. Ona g\u00f6re kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yeri evdi. “Kad\u0131nlar evde oturmal\u0131” diye yaz\u0131yordu, “\u00d6yle yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bedenleri… Evde oturup \u00e7ocuk b\u00fcy\u00fctmek i\u00e7in geni\u015f kal\u00e7alar vermi\u015ftir Tanr\u0131 onlara… “<\/p>\n

1559: Seks ve ahlak konular\u0131ndaki ilk “yasak yay\u0131nlar listesi” Papa 4. Paul taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlendi. Index Librorum Prohibitorum ad\u0131 verilen bu listede, aralar\u0131nda Balzac, Dumas, Stendhal ve Moravia gibi yazarlar\u0131n yap\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 4000 kitap var ve bu liste g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar tutulmakta… 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda Papa 23. John, yazarlara kendilerini savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, aklan\u0131rlarsa adlar\u0131n\u0131n listeden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011fm\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. 1966’da listeye yeni eklemeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durduruldu, ama hala bu listenin tutuldu\u011fu s\u00f6yleniyor.<\/p>\n

1560: Avrupa k\u0131tas\u0131ndaki ilk frengi salg\u0131n\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilen \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7inde, \u0130talyan anotomist Gabriel Fallopius prezervatifi icat etti. Fallopius, ayr\u0131ca, “Frans\u0131z Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, \u00f6nlem olarak, seksten sonra cinsel organlar\u0131n iyice y\u0131kanmas\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6\u011f\u00fctl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

1585: Tarihin ilk “mazohizm” g\u00f6sterilerinden birinin ba\u015f kahraman\u0131 St. Mary Magdalene de Pazzi idi. Kilisenin avlusunda ko\u015fu\u015fmaya ba\u015flar, dikenli \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n aras\u0131nda yuvarlan\u0131r, kendini k\u0131rba\u00e7latt\u0131r\u0131r, dire\u011fe ba\u011flat\u0131p \u00f6teki rahibelerden \u00fcst\u00fcne k\u0131zg\u0131n balmumu d\u00f6kmeleri i\u00e7in yalvar\u0131rd\u0131. 1671 y\u0131l\u0131nda azizelik mertebesine y\u00fckseltildi!<\/p>\n

1624: E\u015fcinsellik su\u00e7undan yarg\u0131lan\u0131p cezaland\u0131r\u0131lan ilk Amerikal\u0131, Richard Cornish oldu. Ambrose adl\u0131 geminin kaptan\u0131 olan Cornish, 29 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki kamarot William Couse ile cinsel ili\u015fki kurdu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle as\u0131ld\u0131. Bir y\u0131l sonra karde\u015fiyle ilgili karar\u0131n hatal\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia eden Jeffrey Cornish, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan haks\u0131z bulundu. Yalanc\u0131 tan\u0131kl\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gere\u00e7esiyle cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve kulaklar\u0131 kesildi.<\/p>\n

1640: Tarihin ilk \u00fcnl\u00fc transvestisi Orleans D\u00fck\u00fc Phillippe’dir. \u0130leride XIV. Lui olarak tahta ge\u00e7ecek olan karde\u015finin yerini almamas\u0131 i\u00e7in, k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fu gibi b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp giydirilmi\u015fti. Phillippe askerlerini sava\u015fa g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrken bile y\u00fcksek topuklu ayakkab\u0131lar giyer, m\u00fccevher takar tak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bozulmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fapka takmazd\u0131. <\/p>\n

1649: Tarihin bilinen ilk lezbiyenlik davas\u0131, Amerika’n\u0131n Plymouth kentinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Goodwife Norman ve Mary Hammon “yatakta \u00e7irkin hareketler yaparak oyna\u015fma” ile su\u00e7land\u0131lar. Hammon hakk\u0131ndaki dava d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, Norman ise su\u00e7lu bulundu. Cezas\u0131, yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan pi\u015fmanl\u0131k duydu\u011funu halk \u00f6n\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131klamakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1655: Kad\u0131nlara seksten nas\u0131l zevk almalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, gebeli\u011fin nas\u0131l \u00f6nlenebilece\u011fini vb. anlatan ve yazar\u0131 belli olmayan “Kad\u0131n Okulu” adl\u0131 kitap Fransa’da yay\u0131nland\u0131 ve toplat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1655: Frans\u0131z Meclisi, Otuz Y\u0131l Sava\u015flar\u0131’nda neredeyse t\u00fckenmi\u015f bulunan Avrupa n\u00fcfusunun yeniden art\u0131r\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in bir erke\u011fin birden \u00e7ok kad\u0131nla evlenmesine izin verdi.<\/p>\n

1658: Amerika’da zinadan su\u00e7lu bulunan bir kad\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131rba\u00e7lanmakla kalmay\u0131p g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcne A harfini (fahi\u015feli\u011fi simgelemektedir) asmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren yasa y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. Bu k\u0131z\u0131l harfi her zaman asmayan kad\u0131nlara, ayn\u0131 harfin k\u0131zg\u0131n demirle aln\u0131na damgalanmas\u0131 \u00f6ngor\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1672: Amerikan kolonilerindeki n\u00fcfusu art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere’den g\u00f6nderilen kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bedeli t\u00fct\u00fcnle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. “Gen\u00e7, g\u00fczel, iyi e\u011fitilmi\u015f, terbiyeli ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn tav\u0131rl\u0131” olarak tan\u0131t\u0131lan gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar\u0131n bedeli 50 kilo t\u00fct\u00fcn ya da o zaman\u0131n paras\u0131yla 20 dolard\u0131. 1686 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir a\u00e7\u0131klamaya g\u00f6re de, bu yoldan Amerika’ya g\u00f6nderilen 60 kad\u0131ndan 12’si fahi\u015feydi.<\/p>\n

1695: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bilinen ilk “e\u015f aran\u0131yor” ilan\u0131, John Houghton’un \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131g\u0131 “Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve Ticaretin Geli\u015ftirilmesi Dergisi”nde yerald\u0131. \u0130landa \u015f\u00f6yle deniliyordu: “Geni\u015f bir malikanesi bulundu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen 30 ya\u015flar\u0131nda bir erkek, 3000 sterlin civar\u0131nda bir serveti olan soylu bir kad\u0131nla anla\u015farak hayat\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek istemektedir.”<\/p>\n

1698: E\u015fcinsellik \u0130ngiltere’de iyice yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Erkek bulmakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7eken Orleans D\u00fc\u015fesi, bir arkada\u015f\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektupta, “\u0130ngiltere’de e\u015fcinsellerden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey bulam\u0131yoruz” diye yak\u0131n\u0131yordu. <\/p>\n

1708: “Bekaret Zar\u0131n\u0131n 15 Zarar\u0131” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 Read, seks tarihine, “m\u00fcstehcen yay\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lanan” ilk ki\u015fi olarak ge\u00e7ti. Mahkeme, dava sonunda mahkeme m\u00fcstehcen buldu. Ancak yay\u0131nc\u0131ya verilecek bir ceza bulamad\u0131.<\/p>\n

1714: Katolik Kilisesi bir genelge yay\u0131nlayarak, g\u00fcnah \u00e7\u0131karan erkeklerin “birlikte olduklar\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 verme” zorunlulu\u011funu kald\u0131rd\u0131. Bunun nedeni, baz\u0131 rahiplerin, ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en kad\u0131nlara sonradan \u015fantaj yaparak sekse zorlamalar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1724: “Evlilik Yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n K\u00f6t\u00fcye Kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve Evli Fahi\u015felik \u00dcst\u00fcne D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler” adl\u0131 kitap yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bu kitapta, baz\u0131 kurnaz ki\u015filerin zengin aile k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rarak tecav\u00fcz ettikleri, sonra onlarla evlenerek miraslar\u0131na konduklar\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131yor ve ekleniyordu: “\u0130nsanlar\u0131n, atlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7alan ki\u015fileri ipe g\u00f6nderirken, k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7alan ki\u015fileri damat almalar\u0131 ne kadar yanl\u0131\u015f…” Kitab\u0131n yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra, k\u0131z ka\u00e7\u0131rman\u0131n cezas\u0131 “idam” olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

1727: “E\u015f Aran\u0131yor” ilan\u0131n\u0131 veren ilk kad\u0131n \u0130ngiliz Helen Morrison’du. Kad\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Manchester kentinin belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131, ilan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra, kad\u0131n\u0131 4 ay s\u00fcreyle ak\u0131l hastanesine kapatt\u0131rd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, bu kad\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131s\u0131na, Rusya’daki bir “\u00e7\u00f6p\u00e7atan” dergisi, “Helen” ad\u0131yla yay\u0131nlan\u0131yor (yanda). <\/p>\n

1750: Seks tarihinin ilk erotik roman\u0131 “Fanny Hill, Bir Zevk Kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n An\u0131lar\u0131” yay\u0131nland\u0131. John Cleland’\u0131n bu kitab\u0131 nedeniyle, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l \u0130ngiltere’de fahi\u015fe say\u0131s\u0131nda patlama ya\u015fand\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine daha \u00f6nce 50 sterlin olan “bakire” fiyatlar\u0131, arz \u00e7oklu\u011fundan, 5 sterline kadar d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. <\/p>\n

1760’lar: Rus \u00c7ari\u00e7esi Katerina, Saray Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131’n\u0131n yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 subaylar\u0131n\u0131 muhaf\u0131zdan \u00e7ok dam\u0131zl\u0131k olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. G\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tuttu\u011fu biri olursa, hemen iki ayr\u0131 doktorun muayenesinden ge\u00e7irir, sonra da s\u0131rda\u015flar\u0131 olan Kontes Bruce ve Madam Protassov’la denemeye sokard\u0131. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan hemen “Ba\u015fyaver” olarak \u00c7ari\u00e7e’nin yatak odas\u0131nda n\u00f6bete ba\u015flard\u0131. <\/p>\n

1770: Papa 14. Clement, kilise korolar\u0131nda \u015fark\u0131 s\u00f6yleyenlerin “had\u0131m” edilmeleri uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131. Bu yola gidilmesinin nedeni, koristlerin soprano seslerinin korunmas\u0131yd\u0131. Had\u0131mlar yine koroda g\u00f6rev ald\u0131lar, ama kastrasyon ameliyatlar\u0131n\u0131 yapanlar aforoz edildiler. <\/p>\n

1777: \u00d6mr\u00fc, tecav\u00fczden k\u0131rba\u00e7lamaya kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da sap\u0131kl\u0131kla ge\u00e7en ve “sadizm”e ad\u0131n\u0131 veren Marquis de Sade, annesinin iste\u011fi \u00fczerine, \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu s\u00fcreyle Bastille Hapishanesi’ne kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Sade, m\u00fcstehcen aserlerini de orada yazd\u0131. Ona g\u00f6re, kad\u0131nlar “cinsel zevk” taklidi yapabilirlerdi, ama cinsel birle\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda duyduklar\u0131 ac\u0131n\u0131n taklidi g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fc. Bu y\u00fczden, ac\u0131, cinsel zevkin doru\u011funu simgeliyordu. E\u015fcinselli\u011fin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor ve “Ne kadar ters gelirse gelsin, bir insan\u0131n zevki su\u00e7 olamaz” diyordu. 1814 y\u0131l\u0131nda Charenton’daki bir ak\u0131l hastanesinde \u00f6ld\u00fc. <\/p>\n

1782: “Suni d\u00f6llenme” y\u00f6ntemiyle iIk \u00e7ocuk do\u011fdu. Londral\u0131 bir perdeci ile kar\u0131s\u0131 dokuz ay kadar \u00f6nce \u00fcnl\u00fc hekim John Hunter’a ba\u015fvurarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131ndan yak\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. \u0130kisini de muayene eden doktor, fizyolojik bir sorun nedeniyle, spermin vajinaya giremedi\u011fini saptam\u0131\u015f ve erke\u011fin masturbasyon yoluyla elde etti\u011fi spermini, \u015f\u0131r\u0131ngayla kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n vajinas\u0131na bo\u015faltm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Dokuz ay sonra \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 do\u011fdu. <\/p>\n

1824: \u0130ngiltere’nin en \u00fcnl\u00fc randevu evi sahiplerinden Bayan Mary Wilson, “Evli Kad\u0131nlarda Zina, Ya\u015fl\u0131 Bakire ve Dullar\u0131n \u00c7iftle\u015fme \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi \u00dcst\u00fcne Tasar\u0131lar\u0131m” adl\u0131 makalesinde, yaln\u0131zca kad\u0131nlar\u0131n gidebilecekleri bir “Erkek Genelevi” \u00f6nerdi. \u0130yi beslenen ve s\u00fcrekli dinlendikleri i\u00e7in zindelikTerini koruyan yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc erkekleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131 genelevinde. \u00dcyelik \u00f6dentisi l00 alt\u0131n sterlin olacak, bu paray\u0131 \u00f6deyen kad\u0131nlar diledikleri erkeklerle istedikleri zaman yatabileceklerdi. Bayan Wilson bu projesini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeden \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1834: “Erkeklerde Bekaretin Erdemleri ve Bu Konuda Aile B\u00fcy\u00fcklerine \u00d6\u011f\u00fctler” adl\u0131 kitap yay\u0131nland\u0131. Sylvester Graham’in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kitap, seks konusunda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en sa\u00e7ma kitaplardan biridir. Yazara g\u00f6re, “tembelli\u011fin ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 beslenmenin k\u00f6r\u00fckledi\u011fi cinsel arzular\u0131n tatmini delili\u011fe yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r”. Yine Graham’e g\u00f6re, sekse fazla yer veren evli \u00e7iftler “rehavet, tembellik, adele gev\u015fekli\u011fi, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k, hantall\u0131k, keyifsizlik, i\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, haz\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, bayg\u0131nl\u0131k, mide kaz\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, cilt ve akci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131, dola\u015f\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu, \u00fc\u015f\u00fcme, ba\u015fa\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, melankoli, hastal\u0131k hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, isteri, dola\u015f\u0131m bozuklu\u011fu, k\u00f6rl\u00fck, akci\u011fer bozuklu\u011fu, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, zafiyet, karaci\u011fer, b\u00f6brek ve idrar yolu bozukluklar\u0131, omurilik hastal\u0131klar\u0131, bellek kayb\u0131, beyin dumuru, sara, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, erken do\u011fum, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n erken \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, karamsarl\u0131k gibi tehlikeler” ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131rlar. \u00dcstelik, erke\u011fin her orgazm\u0131, \u00f6m\u00fcr s\u00fcresini k\u0131saltmaktad\u0131r… Vejeteryan diyetiyle \u00fcnl\u00fc Graham, kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan krakerlerin de mucidi olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. <\/p>\n

1847: Do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda ac\u0131 \u00e7ekmemesi i\u00e7in yeni ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f kloroformu bir kad\u0131n hastas\u0131na uygulayan \u0130sko\u00e7 doktor James Young Simpson, kilise taraf\u0131ndan aforoz edildi. Kilise’ye g\u00f6re, do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda kad\u0131n ac\u0131 duymal\u0131yd\u0131 ki \u0130ncil’in emirleri yerine gelsin. <\/p>\n

1857: Bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131na bakan ilk mahkeme \u0130ngiltere’de kuruldu. Yasaya g\u00f6re, erkekler, ancak zina su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla bo\u015fanma isteyebileceklerdi. Kad\u0131nlar ise zinadan ba\u015fka, e\u015fcinsellik, tecav\u00fcz, eziyet ve akrabayla zinay\u0131 kan\u0131tlamak zorundayd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

1869: \u00dcnl\u00fc Macar as\u0131ll\u0131 Alman doktor Karl Maria Kertbeny (Benkert), bir makalesinde “homoseks\u00fcellik” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ilk kez kullanarak, bu deyimin isim babas\u0131 oldu. <\/p>\n

1882: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk do\u011fum kontrol klini\u011fi Hollanda’da Aletta Jacobs taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. “Hollanda \u015eapkas\u0131” olarak da an\u0131lan ve y\u0131llar y\u0131l\u0131 en etkili do\u011fum kontrol y\u00f6ntemi olarak kullan\u0131lan diyafram da burada do\u011fdu. <\/p>\n

1895: “Kendi cinsiyle ahlak d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ili\u015fkilere girmek”le su\u00e7lanan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u0130ngiliz yazar\u0131 Oscar Wilde (solda), iki y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Wilde’\u0131n kamuoyu \u00f6n\u00fcndeki savunmas\u0131n\u0131, e\u015fcinselli\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 olan gazeteci, W. T. Stead (sa\u011fda) yapt\u0131. Stead, bunun nedenini bir makalesinde \u015f\u00f6yle yazd\u0131: “Oscar Wilde’a verilen cezay\u0131 ayn\u0131 i\u015fi yapan herkese uygulayacak olsak, \u0130ngiltere’nin en \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00f6zel okullar\u0131ndan hapishanelere do\u011fru b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6\u00e7 ba\u015flar.” <\/p>\n

1895: Bir salonda izleyicilerin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki ilk “striptiz” g\u00f6sterisi Paris’te yap\u0131ld\u0131. Gen\u00e7 bir kad\u0131n, pire aramak bahanesiyle \u00fcst\u00fcndeki elbiseleri birer birer \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yordu. Striptiz asl\u0131nda antik d\u00f6nemlere uzanan bir sanat. \u0130ncil, Salome’nin, Kral Herod \u00f6n\u00fcnde dans ederek, soyundu\u011fun yazar. <\/p>\n

1896: Philadelphia \u00dcniversitesi’nin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0131p dergisinde, 7’si s\u00fct verir durumda, 9 memesi olan 19 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131bbi \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc yer ald\u0131. <\/p>\n

1907: K\u00f6t\u00fc bir “kad\u0131n”\u0131n elinden o\u011flunu kurtarmak i\u00e7in, onu yata\u011f\u0131na alan bir annenin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Boyunduruk” adl\u0131 kitap \u0130ngiltere’de toplat\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n

1912: Dr. Paul Erlich, z\u00fchrevi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n en \u00f6nemlisi olan frengiyi tedavi edecek ila\u00e7 olan Salvarsan’\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n

1913: \u00c7\u0131plak kad\u0131n resimlerinin yerald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk takvim yay\u0131nland\u0131. Frans\u0131z ressam Paul Chabas’\u0131n (1869-1937) b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6d\u00fcller kazanan “Eyl\u00fcl Sabah\u0131” (solda) adl\u0131 n\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da takvimde yer al\u0131yordu. <\/p>\n

1920’ler: Milletler Cemiyeti, 35 \u00fclkenin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, “M\u00fcstehcen Malzemenin Uluslararas\u0131 Trafi\u011finin \u00d6nlenmesi” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir konferans toplad\u0131. Ancak, konferans, “m\u00fcstehcen” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlayamadan da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n

1922: \u0130ngiltere’de bir kad\u0131n, mahkeme \u00f6n\u00fcnde, son be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ayda bir evlilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u0130ngiltere, Amerika ve G\u00fcney Afrika’n\u0131n 50 kentinde 61 koca edindi\u011fini itiraf etti. <\/p>\n

1924: Frans\u0131z edebiyat\u00e7\u0131 Andre Gide (1869-1951), e\u015fcinsel oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klayan ilk \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00e7agda\u015f ki\u015fi oldu. <\/p>\n

1928: Bir seks ansiklopedisi olan ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc cinsel konular\u0131 renkli resimlerle anlatan “Bilder-Lexikon der Erotik”in ilk cildi Almanya’da yay\u0131nland\u0131. Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ciltleri bile karaborsaya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130kinci el olanlar\u0131 300 dolara kadar al\u0131c\u0131 buluyordu. <\/p>\n

1930’lar: Paris’te “Erotik Sirk” ad\u0131 verilen bir e\u011flence-kumar g\u00f6sterisi geli\u015fti. Velodrom (bisiklet yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 pisti) gibi kurulan sirkte \u00e7\u0131plak kad\u0131nlar bisiklete binerek yar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, seyirciler de vajinan\u0131n bisiklet selesine s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesi sonucu hangi kad\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00f6nce orgazma ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcne bahse giriyorlard\u0131. <\/p>\n

1934: \u00dcnl\u00fc erotik roman yazar\u0131 Henry Miller’\u0131n “Yenge\u00e7 D\u00f6nencesi” adl\u0131 yap\u0131t\u0131 Paris’te yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ozan Ezra Pound kitab\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle tan\u0131mlad\u0131: “Nihayet, bas\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekip de okunabilen ilk kitap \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.” <\/p>\n

1946: Hindistan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k hareketinin lideri ve “pasif direni\u015f” ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden Mahatma Gandhi, iradesini s\u0131namak i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131plak gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar\u0131 yata\u011f\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak onlarla hi\u00e7bir ili\u015fkiye girmedi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/p>\n

1948: Amerikal\u0131 seksolog Doktor Alfred Charles Kinsey’in haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve “sekse bak\u0131\u015fta” devrim yapan ilk Kinsey raporu, “Erkekte Cinsel Davran\u0131\u015f” yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bunu be\u015f y\u0131l sonra, “Kad\u0131nda Cinsel Davran\u0131\u015f” ad\u0131yla ikinci Kinsey raporu izledi. <\/p>\n

1950: D\u00fcnya tarihinin ilk cinsiyet de\u011fi\u015ftirme ameliyat\u0131 Amerikan ordusundan ayr\u0131lma George Jorgensen’e Norve\u00e7’te ba\u015far\u0131yla yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve Christine Jargensen’e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc! Ameliyat\u0131 yapan Christian Hamburger birdenbire t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadan teklif \u00fcst\u00fcne teklif almaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Norve\u00e7 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Hamburger’in yaln\u0131zca Norve\u00e7 yurtta\u015flar\u0131na bu ameliyat\u0131 yapmas\u0131n\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. <\/p>\n

1953: Playboy dergisinin ilk say\u0131s\u0131 yay\u0131nland\u0131. Yay\u0131nc\u0131 Hugh Heffner derginin tutup tutmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kestiremedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u00fcst\u00fcne ne tarih, ne say\u0131 koymu\u015ftu. Playboy’u \u00fcne kavu\u015fturan, ilk kapak k\u0131z\u0131 Marilyn Monroe idi. Dergi tutup da ilk y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 bitirince, y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc say\u0131s\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u00f6zele\u015ftiri yap\u0131l\u0131yordu: “Avlanma, bal\u0131k tutma ve da\u011fa t\u0131rmanma gibi u\u011fra\u015flar yerine iyi yemek, i\u00e7ki, giyim ve bayan arkada\u015f isteyen erkeklerin dergisi olduk”. <\/p>\n

1958: Amerika’n\u0131n Mississipi Eyaleti Meclisi, r\u00f6ntgencili\u011fi, “sadece erkeklerin i\u015fleyebilece\u011fi bir su\u00e7” olarak tan\u0131mlayan bir yasay\u0131 kabul etti. <\/p>\n

1964: Frans\u0131z desinat\u00f6r Rudi Gernreich “topless” (\u00fcsts\u00fcz) modas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. <\/p>\n

1966: Hollanda’n\u0131n Schagen kentinde a\u00e7\u0131lan ve b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131 kazanan Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u00d6p\u00fc\u015fme Okulu, yeni evlenen okul sahibinin kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131yla kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Okulun kurucusu ve \u00f6\u011fretmeni Johnnie van der Laan, saati 1 dolardan, \u00fc\u00e7 pozisyonda (yatay, 45 derece ve dikey) \u00f6p\u00fc\u015fmeyi \u00f6\u011fretiyordu. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, jinekolog William Howell Masters ve psikolog Virginia Eshelman Johnson (solda), cinsel heyecan ve orgazm\u0131n fizyolojik y\u00f6nlerini bilimsel bi\u00e7imde anlatan “\u0130nsanda Cinsel Tepkime” adl\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar. <\/p>\n

1968: \u0130ki Amerikal\u0131 seks uzman\u0131, Phyllis ve Eberhard Kronhausen, \u0130sve\u00e7 ve Danimarka’da ilk uluslararas\u0131 seks fuar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131lar. <\/p>\n

1970: \u0130ngiltere Hastane Hekimli\u011fi Dergisi, \u0130ngiltere’deki her 45 kad\u0131ndan 1’inin e\u015fcinsel oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yay\u0131nlad\u0131. <\/p>\n

1971: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk ticari sperm bankas\u0131 New York’ta a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n

1972: Playboy’un \u00e7\u0131plak kad\u0131n posterlerine paralel olarak, Cosmopolitan dergisi, \u0130ngiltere bask\u0131s\u0131nda, ilk \u00e7\u0131plak erkek resmini yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Resimdeki erkek, kad\u0131n haklar\u0131 savunucusu Germaine Greer’den yeni ayr\u0131lan Paul de Feu idi. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kan Amerika bask\u0131s\u0131ndaysa orta kapa\u011f\u0131n kahraman\u0131 birden y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 parlayan film oyuncusu Burt Reynolds’tu (solda). <\/p>\n

1976: Venezuela’\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Caracas’ta, d\u00fcnya tarihinde ilk kez, homoseks\u00fcel, transseks\u00fcel ve heteroseks\u00fcel mahkumlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ko\u011fu\u015flar a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Hapishanede kendi ko\u011fu\u015flar\u0131nda kalan homoseks\u00fcel ve transseks\u00fcel mahkumlar kad\u0131n gibi giyinmeye, kad\u0131n hormonu haplar\u0131 almaya izinliydiler. Hapishane y\u00f6neticisine g\u00f6re, bu uygulamaya gidilmekle, bu mahkumlar\u0131n hapishane ko\u015fullar\u0131na uymalar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n

1977: Dr. F. Brantley Scott taraf\u0131ndan Missouri \u00dcniversitesi Hastanesi’nde kad\u0131n\u0131 erkek yapan ilk cinsiyet de\u011fi\u015ftirme ameliyat\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Dr. Scott ayn\u0131 zamanda, hidrolik sistemle i\u015fleyen ve ameliyatta kad\u0131na tak\u0131lan yapay penisin de mucitidir.
1978: \u0130\u015ften eve d\u00f6nen bir Frans\u0131z i\u015fadam\u0131, kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, \u015firkette \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ama o g\u00fcn hastal\u0131k izini alan bir i\u015f\u00e7isiyle yakalad\u0131, derhal i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fine son verdi. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i kendisine gerekli ihbar s\u00fcresinin tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma tazminat\u0131 \u00f6denmedi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle yerel hakem kuruluna ba\u015fvurdu, kurul da i\u015f\u00e7iyi hakl\u0131 buldu. \u0130\u015fveren 800 dolar tazminat \u00f6demeye mahkum edildi. Ancak, konu \u00fcst mahkemeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve alt mahkemenin karar\u0131 bozularak i\u015fveren hakl\u0131 bulundu. Gerek\u00e7e: “\u0130\u015f saatleri i\u00e7inde ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131 bahanelerle e\u011fle\u015fmek”. <\/p>\n

1979: ABD ve \u0130sve\u00e7’teki baz\u0131 homoseks\u00fceller ile Tanzanya ve Haiti’deki heteroseks\u00fcel (normal cinsel ili\u015fki i\u00e7indeki) erkekler aras\u0131nda, sonradan AIDS olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lacak olan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk belirtileri g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Sonras\u0131nda, aralar\u0131nda \u00fcnl\u00fc akt\u00f6r Rock Hudson’\u0131n (solda) da bulundu\u011fu binlerce ki\u015fi, AIDS nedeniyle ya\u015fama veda etti. <\/p>\n

1996: Kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda, penisin ereksiyon yetene\u011fi \u00fczerinde son derece etkili bir ila\u00e7 olan Viagra ke\u015ffedildi. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgi g\u00f6ren Viagra, sadece piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1999’dan 2001’e kadar, 1 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir sat\u0131\u015f rakam\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Adem’le Havva’dan bu yana, seks, insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7as\u0131… Ancak, seks olgusunun \u00f6zg\u00fcrce konu\u015fulmas\u0131, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok yeni bir olay… Dinsel bask\u0131lar, gelenekler, g\u00f6renekler bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli olguya \u00f6zg\u00fcrce, a\u00e7\u0131k kafayla yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f… Sonra “seks” denilince, uzun y\u0131llar, insan\u0131n akl\u0131na yaln\u0131zca kad\u0131nla erke\u011fin yata\u011fa girmeleri gelmi\u015f… Bu da bir \u015fartlanma… Seks ilgin\u00e7 bir konu. \u0130lgin\u00e7 kesitlerle […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4008","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-psikoloji"},"yoast_head":"\nDin \/ Gelenek \/ Bask\u0131 - \u015eartlanmalarla dolu bir ser\u00fcven - 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