{"id":4029,"date":"2010-01-18T17:50:46","date_gmt":"2010-01-18T14:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/01\/18\/tarihin-en-gizemli-onderlerinden-biri-hasan-sabbah-gercegi\/"},"modified":"2010-01-18T17:50:46","modified_gmt":"2010-01-18T14:50:46","slug":"tarihin-en-gizemli-onderlerinden-biri-hasan-sabbah-gercegi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/18\/tarihin-en-gizemli-onderlerinden-biri-hasan-sabbah-gercegi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri | Hasan Sabbah ger\u00e7e\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/strong>Tarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri olan Hasan Sabbah hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok \u015fey vard\u0131r.Biz sizlere Anlat\u0131lan \u0130ki farkl\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

1-)<\/strong> (1034 – 1124). Tam ad\u0131 Hasan bin Ali bin Muhammed bin Cafer bin H\u00fcseyin bin Sabbah el-Hamari’dir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan, tarihin eski ezoterik ve bat\u0131ni \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Ha\u015fha\u015fileri kuran ve \u00f6lene kadar liderli\u011fini yapan \u0130ranl\u0131d\u0131r. Tarihteki en gizemli insanlardan biri olarak ad\u0131 ge\u00e7er.M\u00fcridlerinin ad\u0131n\u0131 Seyduna olarak bildi\u011fi Hasan Sabbah gen\u00e7li\u011finde \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7eli\u015fkiler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, islamiyeti b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sorgulam\u0131\u015f, tarikat ve mezheplerle ilgili bir\u00e7ok toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Edindi\u011fi bilgiler ve deneyimler do\u011frultusunda tarikat liderlerinin insanlar\u0131 istedi\u011fi gibi y\u00f6netebildi\u011fini ve yalan yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011fretilerle onlar\u0131 tamamen kendi \u00f6\u011fretilerine ba\u011flayabildiklerini anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun \u00fczerine ismaili tarikatlar\u0131n liderlerine onlar\u0131n ne yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stererek onlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 olan b\u00fcy\u00fck astronom \u00d6mer Hayyam’la etti\u011fi bir muhabbet esnas\u0131nda \u00d6mer Hayyam’\u0131n espriyle s\u00f6yledi\u011fi : “bu insanlar cennet i\u00e7in ya\u015f\u0131yorlar, ancak onlara bir cennet verebilirsen onlar\u0131 y\u00f6netirsin” s\u00f6z\u00fc Hasan Sabbah’\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. \u0130nce bir zekayla tek damla kan d\u00f6kmeden ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi Alamut Kalesi’nin arkas\u0131ndaki eski Deylem krallar\u0131n\u0131n bah\u00e7elerini kusursuz bir hale getirmi\u015ftir. K\u00f6le pazarlar\u0131ndan sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gen\u00e7 ve g\u00fczel k\u0131zlar\u0131 bu bah\u00e7elere getirmi\u015f, onlar\u0131 hurilermi\u015f gibi yeti\u015ftirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bununla beraber fedai olabilecek g\u00fc\u00e7teki yeti\u015fkin erkekleri de bu kaleye getirerek onlara inan\u0131lmaz bir irade kazand\u0131racak \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl dersler verdirmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra onun s\u00f6zde \u0130smaili harekat\u0131na engel olabilecek herkesi ortadan kald\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in fedailerini kendisinin Allah’\u0131n bir peygamberi oldu\u011funa ve onlar\u0131 istedi\u011fi zaman cennete g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilece\u011fine inand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu inanc\u0131n sa\u011flam olabilmesi i\u00e7in de aralar\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 birka\u00e7\u0131na cennete g\u00f6t\u00fcrmek vaadiyle ha\u015fha\u015f vermi\u015f ve onlar\u0131 o bah\u00e7elere g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Orada yar\u0131 bayg\u0131n halde g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri muhte\u015fem bah\u00e7elerin ve hurilerin b\u00fcy\u00fcs\u00fcne kap\u0131lan fedailer \u00e7elik gibi bir imanla d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f ve gidemeyenleri de heyecanla anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 masallara inand\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Art\u0131k yaln\u0131zca \u00f6lmek ve cennete kavu\u015fmak i\u00e7in ya\u015fayan fedailerine istedi\u011fi her\u015feyi yapt\u0131rabilecek oldu\u011fundan emin olan Hasan Sabbah, birbiri ard\u0131na suikastler d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve hepsinde de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olan Hasan Sabbah, ona hep destek olmu\u015f bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar olan H\u00fcseyin Alkeyni’yi \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6z o\u011flunu kellesiyle cezaland\u0131rabilecek kadar da kendi kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n esiri olmu\u015ftur. Hasan Sabbah ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sevinirken Alamut kalesinde intiharlar ve belalar \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi kendini yiyip bitirmeye yatk\u0131n olan kurdu\u011fu bu d\u00fczen d\u00fcnyada e\u015fi benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyecek olaylar yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayat\u0131 boyunca \u00e7eli\u015fkiler ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Hasan Sabbah ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Allah’a inan\u0131p inanmamak aras\u0131nda gidip gelmi\u015f ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 her k\u0131y\u0131m an\u0131nda O’ndan bir i\u015faret beklemi\u015ftir, fakat olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve t\u00fcm bu yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kendince sebebi, yaln\u0131zca budur: “Allah var m\u0131?”<\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah’\u0131n kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu bu ha\u015fha\u015filik tarikat\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcritleri, kendi \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda bir \u00e7ok Sel\u00e7uklu devlet adam\u0131na suikast d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve amac\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. “Suikast” kelimesinin \u0130ngilizce kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan “Assasinate” kelimesi bu tarikat\u0131n isminin \u0130ngilizcedeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarikat’\u0131n ad\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklarda Ha\u015fha\u015fi olarak ge\u00e7memektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye’de liselerde okutulan tarih kitaplar\u0131nda bu tarikat genel olarak Bat\u0131ni ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tarikat\u0131n ger\u00e7ek ad\u0131 \u0130SMA\u0130L\u0130 TAR\u0130KATI’d\u0131r, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi tarikat i\u00e7in Ha\u015fha\u015fi kelimesini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ha\u015fha\u015fi kelimesinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni de \u015fudur: Fedailerine cenneti vaad etti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenen Hassan Sabbah se\u00e7ti\u011fi \u00f6zel fedailerine ha\u015fha\u015f haplar\u0131 verip uyu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve kurdu\u011fu asans\u00f6r sistemiyle bu gen\u00e7leri s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en bah\u00e7elere ta\u015f\u0131rdi, gen\u00e7ler de bu haplar\u0131n etkisiyle u\u00e7tuklar\u0131n\u0131, cennete ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131rlard\u0131.
Baz\u0131 kaynaklarda ve \u00f6mer hayyam\u0131n da notlar\u0131nda ifade edildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, alamut kalesinde ha\u015fha\u015f yasakt\u0131 ve s\u00f6z edildi\u011fi gibi ha\u015fha\u015f t\u00fckedilmiyordu.. bu insanlar\u0131 kendilerinden ge\u00e7iren, ha\u015fha\u015ft\u0131. hassan sabbah kat\u0131 tutumu onlar\u0131n birer ke\u015fi\u015f gibi yeti\u015fmesine sebep olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

2-) Faik Bulut’un ‘Alamut Kalesi’ adl\u0131 Kitab\u0131ndan<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah, tarihte ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde e\u015fi benzeri olmayan bir Alevi \u00f6nderidir. Hasan Sabbah, kurdu\u011fu \u00f6rg\u00fct ile y\u0131llarca zalimlerin, saltanat sahiplerinin korkulu r\u00fcyas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Kum kentinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fum tarihi kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Hasan Sabbah, 17 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar Oniki \u0130mam\u2019c\u0131 \u015eii e\u011fitimi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 17 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra \u0130smaillili\u011fi benimsemi\u015f ve b\u00f6lgenin \u0130smaili \u00f6nderlerinden e\u011fitim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hasan Sabbah buradaki e\u011fitimini tamamlay\u0131nca, \u0130smaillilerin merkezi olan Fat\u0131mi Devleti\u2019nin ba\u015fkentine uzun ve zahmetli bir yolculuktan sonra 1078\u2019de vard\u0131. Hasan Sabbah \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da kald\u0131. Kahire ve \u0130skenderiye\u2019de d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc bilginlerinden dersler ald\u0131. Hasan Sabbah, 1081 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130sfahan\u2019a d\u00f6nerek, yetkinle\u015fmi\u015f bir \u015fekilde m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah, yakla\u015f\u0131k 9 y\u0131l \u00e7e\u015fitli kentleri gezerek, \u0130smaillili\u011fi yaymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucu var olan \u0130smaili taban\u0131n\u0131 daha da geni\u015fletti. 1090 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alamut kalesinde e\u011fitim ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme m\u00fccadelesine yeni bir boyut kazand\u0131rarak, Alamut kalesini kendisine merkezi \u00fcs olarak se\u00e7ti. Alamut kalesi, Elbruz s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n en doru\u011funda olup, \u00e7ok korunakl\u0131 bir konumdad\u0131r. Nitekim y\u0131llarca ordular Alamut\u2019u ku\u015fatmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen fethedememi\u015flerdir. Hasan Sabbah buray\u0131 bilin\u00e7li se\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Hasan Sabbah, Alamut\u2019un b\u00fct\u00fcn eksiklerini tamamlad\u0131. Su kanallar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p, ambarlar kurdu. \u00c7evredeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kaleleri al\u0131p onlara kuleler yapt\u0131. \u00c7evrede bulunan yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u0130smaili oldu. Bu arada baz\u0131 kurallar getirip, sosyal reformlar yapt\u0131. \u0130smailileri karde\u015flik ba\u011flar\u0131yla birle\u015ftirdi. B\u00f6ylece her birey kendisini toplulu\u011fun sorumlu bir \u00fcyesi ve onun ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak hissetmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Alamut kalesinin Hasan Sabbah taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenen Sel\u00e7uklu veziri, Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk, d\u00f6rt ay boyunca Alamut\u2019u ku\u015fatmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sonu\u00e7 alamad\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti\u2019nde taht kavgas\u0131 vard\u0131. Bu durumu en iyi \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendiren Hasan Sabbah, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme alan\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne geni\u015fletti. \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme a\u011f\u0131 o kadar boyutlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ki, Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti\u2019nin \u00fcst d\u00fczey memurlar\u0131 dahi \u0130smaili olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah, b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca \u0130smaili inanc\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ya\u015fanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu noktada ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu. Bug\u00fcn dahi onlarca ki\u015fi Hasan Sabbah\u2019\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 hayranl\u0131k, \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k ve g\u0131pta ile de\u011ferlendirmekteler. Hasan Sabbah\u2019a olmad\u0131k iftiralar, hakaretler ve yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6yle ki, Hasan Sabbah taraftarlar\u0131na afyon i\u00e7enler anlam\u0131nda ha\u015fha\u015filer denildi. Oysaki onlara \u201cAssasin\u201d deniliyordu. Assasin kavram\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cbek\u00e7iler, s\u0131r bek\u00e7ileri\u201ddir. Onlar hi\u00e7 bir zaman d\u00fcnya mal\u0131na olan d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinden, insan\u0131n inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferler i\u00e7in yapmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmediler. Onlar i\u00e7in, de\u011ferleri i\u00e7in, inanc\u0131 i\u00e7in ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 dahi feda etmek, insan\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015f de\u011fildi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dahi, Hasan Sabbah ve taraftarlar\u0131 i\u00e7in en ahl\u00e2k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 iftiralar yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Onlara g\u00f6re Hasan Sabbah, fedailerini sahte cennet vaadiyle kand\u0131r\u0131p, onlar\u0131 uyu\u015fturucuya al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p, eylemlere g\u00f6nderiyormu\u015f. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bir \u00e7ok Alevi insan dahi bu yalanlara inanmaktad\u0131r. Oysaki ger\u00e7ekler \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte Hasan Sabbah, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklere, haks\u0131zl\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 gelmi\u015f ve \u00f6\u011frencilerini de bu do\u011frultuda e\u011fitmi\u015ftir. Onlara asla ve asla haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa boyun e\u011fmemelerini \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlemi\u015ftir. Bu u\u011furda gerekirse ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlemi\u015ftir. Hasan Sabbah\u2019\u0131 izleyen \u00f6\u011frencileri, yer yer fedai eylemler geli\u015ftirip, haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fczerine gitmi\u015flerdir. Do\u011fal olarak haks\u0131z olanlar bunun kar\u015f\u0131t propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ama bilinmelidir ki, bir ki\u015fiye ne kadarda uyu\u015fturucu verilirse verilsin, o ki\u015fi asla b\u00f6yle eylemler yapamaz. Aksine uyu\u015fturucu alan ki\u015fi hantalla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hasan Sabbah\u2019\u0131n Alamut kalesini korumas\u0131, bu kaleye en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ordunun dahi girememesi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde dahi g\u0131pta ile bak\u0131lan, hayranl\u0131k duyulan bir olayd\u0131r. Nas\u0131l olurda bir fedai g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rpmadan eylem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir? O fedai nas\u0131l bir e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir? Hasan Sabbah nas\u0131l taktikler geli\u015ftirip, stratejisini uygulay\u0131p, kaleyi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ordu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda korumu\u015ftur? B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, Hasan Sabbah\u2019\u0131n etkileme g\u00fcc\u00fc, bilinci, askeri dehas\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme stratejisi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131r\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle bir b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fahsiyet g\u00f6revini ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlam\u0131\u015f 1124 y\u0131l\u0131nda hakka y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri olan Hasan Sabbah hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok \u015fey vard\u0131r.Biz sizlere Anlat\u0131lan \u0130ki farkl\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. 1-) (1034 – 1124). Tam ad\u0131 Hasan bin Ali bin Muhammed bin Cafer bin H\u00fcseyin bin Sabbah el-Hamari’dir. B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklu Devleti zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan, tarihin eski ezoterik ve bat\u0131ni \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Ha\u015fha\u015fileri kuran ve \u00f6lene kadar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4029","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel-tarih"},"yoast_head":"\nTarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri | Hasan Sabbah ger\u00e7e\u011fi - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/18\/tarihin-en-gizemli-onderlerinden-biri-hasan-sabbah-gercegi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri | Hasan Sabbah ger\u00e7e\u011fi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tarihin en gizemli \u00f6nderlerinden biri olan Hasan Sabbah hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok \u015fey vard\u0131r.Biz sizlere Anlat\u0131lan \u0130ki farkl\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle tan\u0131tmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. 1-) (1034 – 1124). Tam ad\u0131 Hasan bin Ali bin Muhammed bin Cafer bin H\u00fcseyin bin Sabbah el-Hamari’dir. 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