{"id":4067,"date":"2010-01-23T22:30:31","date_gmt":"2010-01-23T19:30:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/01\/23\/savasta-biraz-yorulmus-ama-siperinden-ayrilmamis-bir-asker-bertold-brecht\/"},"modified":"2010-01-23T22:30:31","modified_gmt":"2010-01-23T19:30:31","slug":"savasta-biraz-yorulmus-ama-siperinden-ayrilmamis-bir-asker-bertold-brecht","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/23\/savasta-biraz-yorulmus-ama-siperinden-ayrilmamis-bir-asker-bertold-brecht\/","title":{"rendered":"Sava\u015fta biraz yorulmu\u015f ama siperinden ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir asker | Bertold Brecht"},"content":{"rendered":"

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S\u00f6zkonusu sanat oldu\u011funda kendisini Marksizm\u2019e i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine yak\u0131n g\u00f6ren ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, bizzat bu politik kimli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz a\u011fart\u0131c\u0131 isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir Bertold Brecht. Yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fam\u0131yla de\u011fil eylemiyle sanatsal prati\u011fiyle ve bizzat sanat kuram\u0131 alan\u0131nda Marksizm\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131yla Brecht pek \u00e7ok \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan kolay a\u015f\u0131lamayacak bir d\u00fczeyin ve ki\u015fili\u011fin temsilcisidir. Yaz\u0131k ki onun marksist sanata yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuramsal katk\u0131 yar\u0131m kalm\u0131\u015f yeterince geli\u015ftirilememi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Burjuvazi ve burjuva sanat\u00e7\u0131lar-ele\u015ftirmenler taraf\u0131ndan onunki kadar sistemli bir bask\u0131ya maruz kalan ve sanatsal \u00e7abas\u0131 ku\u015fatma alt\u0131na al\u0131nan bir sanat\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi pek azd\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki Brecht\u2019e onun sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve eserlerine d\u00f6n\u00fck burjuva ku\u015fatma ve tahrifat \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra da devam etmi\u015ftir ve halen de devam etmektedir. Bu burjuva \u201cilgi\u201dnin yaln\u0131zca onun politik kimli\u011finden dolay\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek son derece yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olur. Aksine ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Alman fa\u015fizmi onun eserlerine kendisinden daha fazla kin beslemi\u015f bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD emperyalizmi di\u011fer s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ilgiyi ondan esirgemi\u015f eserlerinin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na ve sahnelemesine g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ku\u015fkusuz di\u011ferleri gibi m\u00fcltecili\u011fi benimsememi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n da bunda bir pay\u0131 var. Ancak as\u0131l neden Brecht\u2019in orada ve o ko\u015fullarda da burjuvaziye teslim olmamas\u0131 \u0131srarla y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sava\u015fa devam etmesidir. Ve \u015fimdi \u201cy\u00fcksek sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n temsilcileri taraf\u0131ndan bu d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k sinsi bir tahrifat bi\u00e7iminde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Burjuvazi y\u0131llard\u0131r reklam\u0131ndan propagandas\u0131na kadar Brecht\u2019in anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci yan\u0131n\u0131 budayarak kendine mal etme y\u00fczs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

Burjuvazinin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi bu tarihsel ilginin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve sosyalistler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6sterildi\u011fini oldu\u011fu kadar\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylemek ise zor. Bu onun \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ya da sanat kuram\u0131n\u0131n ve sanatsal prati\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmaz olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131yor. Aksine Brecht\u2019in eserleri ve Brechtyen sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde en \u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7iler ve s\u0131radan halk taraf\u0131ndan ilgi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f dahas\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir c\u00fcmlede \u00f6zetlemek gerekirse Brecht eylemin sanat\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnyay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmenin sanat\u0131n\u0131 yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kelimenin yaln\u0131zca politik anlam\u0131yla de\u011fil sanatsal anlam\u0131yla da o proleter sanat\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan bir i\u015f\u00e7isidir. S\u00fcrekli bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7erisindedir. Yan\u0131lmay\u0131 da i\u00e7eren denemelerde bulunmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmaz. Kal\u0131plarla do\u011fmalarla istedi\u011fi sonuca ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilir. Bu y\u00fczden o devrimcili\u011fi politik angajmanlardan sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ise burjuva ideolojisinden \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 alan pek \u00e7ok sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir devrimcidir sanat\u0131 ise kuramsal arka plan\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00f6z\u00fc ile devrimci bir sanatt\u0131r. Onun eserleri son derece yal\u0131n ve halk taraf\u0131ndan kolay anla\u015f\u0131lan \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda ilgiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda onun eserlerinin evrensel de\u011ferine de bir kan\u0131tt\u0131r.
Brecht \u201chalk\u0131n d\u00fczeyine inmek\u201d bahanesinin arkas\u0131na gizlenen halk dalkavuklu\u011fundan da \u201cburjuvazinin y\u00fcksek sanat\u0131\u201dndan da nefret eder. Dahas\u0131 onun sanatsal ve kuramsal has\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biri (ba\u015fta geleni) burjuvazi ve burjuva sanat\u0131 (tarihsel k\u00f6kleriyle klasik sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131) ise bir di\u011feri \u00e7e\u015fitli k\u0131l\u0131klara b\u00fcr\u00fcnen halk dalkavuklu\u011fu burjuva etkilerden s\u0131yr\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f sosyalist sanat ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lard\u0131r. Evet Brecht saf proleter sanat olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6yler ama bu asla onun burjuvaziye ve onun toplumsal ya\u015famda k\u00fclt\u00fcrde sanattaki hakimiyetine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fctmesinin bunlar\u0131 bir bir ay\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte Brecht\u2019in ve Brechtyen sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sosyalistler cephesinde hak etti\u011fi ilgiyi yeterince g\u00f6rememesinin bir nedeni de onun sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve eserlerinin kom\u00fcnist partilerin resmi g\u00fcvencesini arkas\u0131na alan s\u00f6zde kuramc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131k ya da \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halinde olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Haz\u0131r kal\u0131plara kli\u015felere s\u00f6zde re\u00e7etelere olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Belirtmeliyiz ki bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda kuramsal alanda s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve Brecht sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca ayd\u0131n-sanat\u00e7\u0131 kimli\u011fiyle de\u011fil bir kom\u00fcnist olarak da sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 yerine getirmeye \u00e7abalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclkesinde d\u0131\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f kuramsal alandaki gerilim ili\u015fkilere yans\u0131mam\u0131\u015f Berliner Ensemle Tiyatrosu\u2019nu kurup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na orada devam edebilmi\u015ftir.
Brecht\u2019in kuramsal \u00e7abas\u0131 ve klasik gelenekle sava\u015f
Brecht\u2019i marksist sanat kuramc\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131 k\u0131lan her\u015feyden \u00f6nce onun sanata sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr alan\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131f egemenli\u011fine tarihsel materyalist y\u00f6ntemin ele\u015ftirel silah\u0131yla yakla\u015fabilmesidir. Devrimci sanatsal prati\u011finde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u0131srar ve titizliktir. O bir bak\u0131ma Marks\u2019\u0131n iktisat alan\u0131nda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi benzer bir bi\u00e7imde sanat alan\u0131na uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onun i\u00e7in sanatta proletaryadan yana taraf olman\u0131n bilinci ve temel ko\u015fulu budur. Ancak bu g\u00f6zle bak\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sanat alan\u0131nda s\u00fcrmekte olan s\u0131n\u0131f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik-politik g\u00f6revleri herhangi bir kabal\u0131\u011fa bi\u00e7imcili\u011fe d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmeden anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Brecht en k\u00f6kl\u00fc sanat dal\u0131 olan tiyatroyu kendisine \u00f6rneklem se\u00e7erek kuramsal ve deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flar. Fakat \u015fiirde de bunu dener.<\/p>\n

Ona g\u00f6re burjuva sanat\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131-\u00f6z\u00fc antik Yunan tiyatrosunun klasik temalar\u0131n\u0131n fig\u00fcrlerinin ve tarz\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcne uyarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir versiyonuna dayanmaktad\u0131r. Kost\u00fcmler de\u011fi\u015fmekte isimler de\u011fi\u015fmekte oyuncular de\u011fi\u015fmekte fakat temel ama\u00e7 ve bu amac\u0131n temsilcisi olan tiplemeler-roller ayn\u0131 kalmaktad\u0131r. Hatta i\u00e7erikte bile \u00e7ok fazla bir de\u011fi\u015fim olmamaktad\u0131r. Devrimci sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 (\u201cEpik tiyatro\u201d olarak \u00fcn salsa da asl\u0131nda \u201cepik\u201di ve \u201ctiyatro\u201dyu a\u015fmaktad\u0131r) buradaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeye bor\u00e7ludur.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemesini iki kritik kavramla ifade etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: \u00d6zde\u015fle\u015fme ve Katharsis (bo\u015falma-sa\u011falt\u0131m). Ona g\u00f6re klasik sanat\u0131n bu iki temel \u00f6\u011fesi burjuvazinin sanattaki hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131n da ara\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ama\u00e7 ise seyirciyi (halk\u0131) sanatta (sahnede) yarat\u0131lan yan\u0131lsamaya ortak ederek onu rahatlatmak ve tiyatrodan (sanat\u0131n etki alan\u0131ndan) \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan normal hayat\u0131na normal i\u015fine rahatlam\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imde devam etmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bir i\u015f\u00e7i ya da bir k\u00f6le olarak gelen izleyici \u201cdoymu\u015f\u201d duygular\u0131n\u0131 tiyatroda \u201cbo\u015faltm\u0131\u015f\u201d (katharsise olmu\u015f) bir \u015fekilde hayata devam etmesi kurulu d\u00fczenin devam\u0131 demektir zira.<\/p>\n

Bu sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 (sahne d\u00fczeni ve bizzat oyun yoluyla) daha tiyatrodayken seyirciyi d\u0131\u015flar onu pasif izleyici bir konumunda tutar. \u0130zledi\u011fi \u015feyi anlamas\u0131 ve ele\u015ftirmesi de\u011fil onunla (iyi karakterler kahramanlarla) \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmesi istenir izleyiciden. Oyun (sanat) uyaran bilgilendiren de\u011fil uyu\u015fturan olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kahramanlar \u201cnesne\u201dle\u015ftirilmi\u015f birer \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fme \u201c\u00f6zne\u201dsi olarak herkesin y\u00fcce duygular\u0131n\u0131 bir tak\u0131m toplumsal ideallerini temsil etmelidir. (Bu idealler oyunda oldu\u011fu gibi ger\u00e7ek hayatta da egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n damgas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r do\u011fal olarak) \u0130zleyici ad\u0131na onun duygulan\u0131m d\u00fcnyas\u0131 i\u00e7inden yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekeni yapmal\u0131 oyun olmas\u0131 gereken \u015fekilde bitirilmeli d\u0131\u015far\u0131da-ger\u00e7ek hayatta tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacak-ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek hi\u00e7bir \u015fey kalmamal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131kta hi\u00e7bir \u015fey kalmamal\u0131d\u0131r bir tek soru i\u015fareti bile! Sahne \u00f6yle d\u00fczenlenmelidir ki seyirciye bunun i\u00e7inde bir tak\u0131m olaylar\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u201ctemsil\u201di oldu\u011funu unutturabilsin ve yan\u0131lsama katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131-oyunun etkisini art\u0131rabilsin. Oyuncular da rollerini \u00f6ylesine sahici oynamal\u0131d\u0131rlar ki hayattaki herhangi bir ger\u00e7ek toplumsal karakteri en eksiksiz bi\u00e7imde verebilsinler. Rollerin ger\u00e7ek toplumsal varl\u0131klar\u0131 (efendiyi oynayan bir \u201cefendi\u201d k\u00f6leyi oynayan bir \u201ck\u00f6le\u201dyi) \u201ctemsil\u201d ettikleri anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n. Bunun i\u00e7in de oyuncu oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rolle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmelidir. Bu ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131rsa seyirci de kendisine verilen \u201cseyirci\u201d rol\u00fcn\u00fc daha iyi benimser. B\u00f6ylece toplamda sahne roller tema (yani sanat\u0131n temsil etti\u011fi ger\u00e7ekler) ger\u00e7ekle ger\u00e7ek s\u0131n\u0131fsal ili\u015fkilerle yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye hizmet eder. As\u0131l ger\u00e7ek tiyatronun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r oyunun yan\u0131lsamal\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi seyirciye dayat\u0131l\u0131r. Var\u0131lan yer oyunun-rollerin bir temsil oldu\u011funun unutturulmas\u0131 yoluyla izleyicinin ger\u00e7ek hayata ve ili\u015fkilere m\u00fcdahalesini ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte Brecht i\u00e7in sanatta burjuva gericili\u011fi kendisini bu temel \u00fczerinden ku\u015fkusuz Antik\u00e7a\u011f tiyatrosuna eklenmi\u015f bir dizi yenilikleri de katarak \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bi\u00e7im ve i\u00e7erikte ne denli zenginle\u015ftirilme yoluna gidilirse gidilsin \u00fczerinde ne kadar oynan\u0131rsa oynans\u0131n bu tarz ve anlay\u0131\u015f esasta gericidir. Devrimci bir anlay\u0131\u015f ve niyetle bile olsa kopya edilmesi de\u011fil sava\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Zira yan\u0131lsama yaratmak kitleleri pasifizme s\u00fcr\u00fcklemek i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilere egemen anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n k\u00f6hnemi\u015f ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla seslenmek bu yolla onlar\u0131n salt duygular\u0131na hitap etmek devrimci sanat\u0131n devrimci sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fi olamaz. Sanat\u0131n \u00fcretimden hayat\u0131n kendisinden kopar\u0131l\u0131p \u201cy\u00fcce\u201d hegemonyas\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 par\u00e7alamal\u0131 sahneyi hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inde kurmal\u0131d\u0131r. Resimler tuvallere resim galerilerine de\u011fil geni\u015f duvarlarda da \u00e7izilmeli caddelerde sergilenmelidir. Boyac\u0131yla ressam ta\u015f yontucusuyla heykeltra\u015f aras\u0131ndaki yeteneksel ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal ayr\u0131m duvarc\u0131lar ve ta\u015f ustalar\u0131 lehine bozulmal\u0131 sermayenin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi esas\u0131na g\u00f6re olu\u015fturulan i\u015fb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 sanat ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir i\u015fe de\u011fil i\u015f e\u011flenceli sanatsal ve kollektif bir niteli\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Verili \u00fcst\u00fcn yetenekli sanat\u00e7\u0131 kimli\u011fi reddedilmelidir. Sanat bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k sanat\u00e7\u0131 ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00fcst kimlik olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sanat \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve sanatsal \u00fcretim kitlelerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde diz \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcp tap\u0131nacaklar\u0131 de\u011fil g\u00fcndelik ya\u015famda etkile\u015fime girecekleri dokunacaklar\u0131 ele\u015ftirecekleri kat\u0131lacaklar\u0131 kendilerince yorumlay\u0131p yeniden \u00fcretecekleri bir faaliyet haline getirilmeli buna uygun bir bi\u00e7im ve i\u00e7eri\u011fe kavu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sanat kitlelerin d\u00fcnyay\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme prati\u011fini geli\u015ftiriyor buna hizmet ediyorsa ezilenlerin elinde ger\u00e7ek bir silaha d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Sonradan bir par\u00e7a geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f bi\u00e7imiyle bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede \u00f6zetlenebilecek Brecht\u2019in sanatsal anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n o g\u00fcnk\u00fc ko\u015fullarda \u00fcretti\u011fi kilit kavran \u201cyabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma\u201dd\u0131r. Sanat\u0131n bir temsil oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini karartmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan egemen klasik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na Brecht yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yarat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan yan\u0131lsamay\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131-devrimci bir ara\u00e7 olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Burjuva sanatsal d\u00fczene\u011fe ve yarat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ideolojik manip\u00fclasyona bir \u00e7omak gibi sokulan bu kavram basit bir tiyatrol teknik d\u00fczenleme de\u011fil son derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ideolojik silaht\u0131r. \u0130zleyen (seyirci) ve oynayan (oyuncu) oynanan oyun (sanatsal \u00fcr\u00fcn) ve ger\u00e7eklik aras\u0131na \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r kan\u0131ksanan bir tarihsel duvar\u0131-bir ayr\u0131m\u0131 par\u00e7alayarak i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ileri devrimci teorinin devrimci sanat\u0131n\u0131n silahlar\u0131yla donat\u0131r onlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ya\u015famda da seyirci koltu\u011fundan siyasal sahneye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r sahneyi (sanat\u0131) d\u00fcnyay\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek \u00fczere devrimci m\u00fcdahalenin bilinciyle ve devrimci eylemin yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla donat\u0131r. Brecht\u2019in eserlerinde bu devrimci tarz\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiyi R. Wintzen \u015fu co\u015fku dolu kelimelerle ifade ediyor:<\/p>\n

\u201cTiyatro sahnesinde o ate\u015fli bir tutkuydu sanki halk\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131yd\u0131 \u015fiirsel bir \u015fim\u015fek ve y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m sesiydi tatl\u0131 bir a\u015fk ezgisiydi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Brecht\u2019in sanatsal anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve eserleri insanlar\u0131 e\u011flendirmeye bu d\u00fcnyay\u0131 bo\u015f g\u00f6zlerle izlemeye y\u00f6nelten de\u011fil kavga meydan\u0131na davet eden onlar\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan bir sava\u015f \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Brecht hem bir anlay\u0131\u015f geli\u015ftirme hem buna uygun \u00fcr\u00fcnler sunabilme anlam\u0131nda bir \u201cbuz k\u0131ran\u201d rol\u00fcn\u00fc hakk\u0131yla yerine getirmi\u015ftir. Sanat\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin ate\u015finde s\u0131nanm\u0131\u015f geriye anlaml\u0131 bir miras b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yar\u0131m kalan eserini eksik kalan \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamak proletaryan\u0131n gen\u00e7 neferlerinin g\u00f6revidir.<\/p>\n

Brecht’in \u015fiirlerini sitemizde bulabilirsiniz<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00f6zkonusu sanat oldu\u011funda kendisini Marksizm\u2019e i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine yak\u0131n g\u00f6ren ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, bizzat bu politik kimli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz a\u011fart\u0131c\u0131 isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir Bertold Brecht. Yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fam\u0131yla de\u011fil eylemiyle sanatsal prati\u011fiyle ve bizzat sanat kuram\u0131 alan\u0131nda Marksizm\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131yla Brecht pek \u00e7ok \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan kolay a\u015f\u0131lamayacak bir d\u00fczeyin ve ki\u015fili\u011fin temsilcisidir. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[122],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4067","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-sair-e-dair"},"yoast_head":"\nSava\u015fta biraz yorulmu\u015f ama siperinden ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir asker | Bertold Brecht - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/23\/savasta-biraz-yorulmus-ama-siperinden-ayrilmamis-bir-asker-bertold-brecht\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sava\u015fta biraz yorulmu\u015f ama siperinden ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir asker | Bertold Brecht\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"S\u00f6zkonusu sanat oldu\u011funda kendisini Marksizm\u2019e i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine yak\u0131n g\u00f6ren ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, bizzat bu politik kimli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz a\u011fart\u0131c\u0131 isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir Bertold Brecht. Yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fam\u0131yla de\u011fil eylemiyle sanatsal prati\u011fiyle ve bizzat sanat kuram\u0131 alan\u0131nda Marksizm\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131yla Brecht pek \u00e7ok \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan kolay a\u015f\u0131lamayacak bir d\u00fczeyin ve ki\u015fili\u011fin temsilcisidir. 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narteks.net","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/01\/23\/savasta-biraz-yorulmus-ama-siperinden-ayrilmamis-bir-asker-bertold-brecht\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Sava\u015fta biraz yorulmu\u015f ama siperinden ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir asker | Bertold Brecht","og_description":"S\u00f6zkonusu sanat oldu\u011funda kendisini Marksizm\u2019e i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine yak\u0131n g\u00f6ren ayd\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, bizzat bu politik kimli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar i\u00e7inde y\u00fcz a\u011fart\u0131c\u0131 isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir Bertold Brecht. Yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fam\u0131yla de\u011fil eylemiyle sanatsal prati\u011fiyle ve bizzat sanat kuram\u0131 alan\u0131nda Marksizm\u2019e yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131yla Brecht pek \u00e7ok \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan kolay a\u015f\u0131lamayacak bir d\u00fczeyin ve ki\u015fili\u011fin temsilcisidir. 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