![](\"images\/stories\/seyh_bedreddin.jpg\")
“Olup Mansur, bu yolda verdi b\u00e2\u015f\u0131n“H\u00fcd\u00e2 a\u015fk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u00e7atm\u00e2d\u0131 kaa\u015f\u0131n
“M\u00fcnaf\u0131klar atarlar tain taa\u015f\u0131n”
“Bizim m\u00fcr\u015fidimiz \u015eeyh Bedreddindir.”<\/p>\n
“Olup Mansur, bu yolda verdi b\u00e2\u015f\u0131n
“H\u00fcd\u00e2 a\u015fk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u00e7atm\u00e2d\u0131 kaa\u015f\u0131n
“M\u00fcnaf\u0131klar atarlar tain taa\u015f\u0131n”
“Bizim m\u00fcr\u015fidimiz \u015eeyh Bedreddindir.”<\/p>\n
(Men\u00e2k\u0131b, s. l38)<\/p>\n
Molla Haf\u0131z Halil<\/p>\n
(\u015eeyh Bedreddin’in torunu)<\/p>\n
BEDREDD\u0130N – HUS – \u0130BN\u00ce HALDUN <\/strong><\/p>\n Simavnal\u0131 \u015eeyh Bedreddin Mahmud Rum\u00ee (1359-1420), yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye devrim tarihinin de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in sosyal devrim tarihinin en ilgi \u00e7ekici b\u00fcy\u00fck kahraman\u0131d\u0131r: \u015eeyhin zaman\u0131na dek medeniyetler, d\u0131\u015ftan gelme barbar ak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel devrimi ile y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131. \u015eeyhin zaman\u0131ndaki Aksak Timur ak\u0131n\u0131 o \u00e7e\u015fit d\u0131\u015ftan y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 tarihsel devrimlerin en sonuncusuydu. Sosyal devrim imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in muazzam bir medeniyetin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 antika destanlarda “tufan”, dinlerde “k\u0131yamet” ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131yordu.\u015eeyh Bedrettin bu \u015fuursuz medeniyet y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yerine, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n biricik ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fimini sa\u011flayacak \u015fuurlu devrimi, ba\u015fka deyimle: Tarihsel devrim yerine sosyal devrimi ge\u00e7iren en \u015fuurlu ve en orijinal b\u00fcy\u00fck devrimcidir. O bak\u0131mdan, sosyal devrimler \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 demek olan modern \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ilk en \u00f6nemli m\u00fcjdecisidir. <\/p>\n \u015eeyh Bedreddin, kendi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131 say\u0131labilecek olan \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetinin Aristotales’i \u0130bn\u00ee Haldun (1332-1406) dan da, Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Wicleften sonra ilk din reformcusu \u00c7ek papaz\u0131 Jean Huss’ten de \u00f6nemli ki\u015fidir. Ger\u00e7i \u0130bn\u00ee Haldun : Aksak Timur gibi uykuda gezer “Cihangir”lere metelik vermeyecek de\u011ferde moral ta\u015f\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 metelik vermeyi\u015fi \u015eeyh’te de buluruz. \u0130bn\u00ee Haldun toplum ve tarih kanunlar\u0131n\u0131 Marks-Engels’lere m\u00fcjdeci olurca izlemi\u015ftir. Bu dahiyane bulu\u015flar\u0131, y\u00e2\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck pratik olaylardan sezmi\u015ftir. Ama, buldu\u011fu prensipleri, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihsel ve sosyal \u015fartlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, prati\u011fe uygulamay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnememi\u015ftir. \u015eeyh Bedrettin, teori ile prati\u011fi en canl\u0131, en insanc\u0131l y\u00fckseklikte sosyal sentezine ula\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n Jean Huss (1369-1415) yaln\u0131z hristiyanlar i\u00e7in \u0130sa dininde reformu \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekle yetindi. \u015eeyh; m\u00fcsl\u00fcman, hristiyan, yahudi ay\u0131rd\u0131 yapmad\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn din ve ulus s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n izafili\u011fini g\u00f6stererek, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc insan ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 “\u0130pt\u00e2l” etti. T\u00fcm\u00fcyle insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fccelten bir kurtar\u0131c\u0131 Humanitarisme yaratt\u0131. Bat\u0131’da \u00fcnl\u00fc “Reform” hareketi : Zengin papazlar\u0131n m\u00fclklerini m\u00fcsadere etmekle kald\u0131. Bunun sonucu Almanya’da b\u00fcy\u00fck derebeyilerin, Fransa ve \u0130ngiltere’de i\u015fveren burjuvalar\u0131n ekmeklerine ya\u011f s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u015eeyh; \u00f6yle dar bencil s\u0131n\u0131f ve s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7er\u00e7evelerinden \u00fcst\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 sosyalizmin g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc budaktan esirgemez \u00fclk\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc idi. H\u00fcss kanc\u0131kca yak\u0131ld\u0131, \u015eeyh kanc\u0131k\u00e7a as\u0131ld\u0131. H\u00fcss’\u00e7\u00fc hareket, kendisi \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eeyh onlarca y\u0131l haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f Anadolu ve Rumeli hareketinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. H\u00fcss antika bezirg\u00e2nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerine modern bezirg\u00e2nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutmu\u015f oldu. \u015eeyh her bezirg\u00e2n \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. <\/p>\n \u0130nsan\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fini yaratan en yak\u0131n gelenekleri, “soy”unun ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enlerdir. Simavnal\u0131 \u015eeyh Bedrettin Mahmut R\u00fbm\u00ee, \u00e7ok ilgi \u00e7ekici soydan gelir. Ona ra\u011fmen Osmanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7ileri, \u015eeyhin ad\u0131n\u0131 unutturamad\u0131klar\u0131 zaman bile, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse soyunu anmamaya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131ca u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Mehmet S\u00fcreyya bey : (\u015eeyhin) “Ecdad\u0131 Sel\u00e7uk Devleti vezirlerinden idi.” der. (M.S. : Sicilli Osm\u00e2ni, cild II, s. l6 Matbaas\u0131 Amire, \u0130stanbul 1311). \u015eemsettin Sami bey : “\u015eeyh asl\u0131nda Sel\u00e7uk h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131 neslinden olup” (Kaam\u00fbs \u00fcl-\u00e2a l\u00e2m, s.1254) kayd\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Belgratl\u0131 Muhtesip z\u00e2de H\u00e2ki : (\u015eeyhin) “Ecdad\u0131 Sel\u00e7uk S\u00fcl\u00e2lesinden Al\u00e2ettin’in karde\u015fi o\u011fluna vezir dahi olup (Hadikat-\u00fcr Reyh\u00e2n, elyazmas\u0131, K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Ahmet Pa\u015fa k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, n 230) yollu yanl\u0131\u015f bir terc\u00fcme yapar. Terc\u00fcmenin asl\u0131n\u0131 Arap\u00e7a yazm\u0131\u015f olan Ta\u015fk\u00f6pr\u00fc z\u00e2de ise \u015funu s\u00f6yler : “S\u00f6ylendi\u011fine g\u00f6re (\u015eeyhin) dedeleri Sel\u00e7uk o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n veziri ve kendisi Sultan Al\u00e2ittin Sel\u00e7ukinin biraderi o\u011flu idi.” (\u015eakaayik’\u0131 N\u00fbm\u00e2niyye, Arap\u00e7a elyazmas\u0131, K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Ahmet P. K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, n.1230: s. 27 – 30) <\/p>\n B\u00f6ylece, Osmanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerinin \u015eeyh soyu \u00fczerinde ni\u00e7in susu\u015f konspirasyonu yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131tlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 en modern anlamda halk devrimi u\u011fruna ayaklanm\u0131\u015f adam\u0131n – o zaman i\u00e7in pek \u00f6nemli say\u0131lan \u2013 bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar soyundan geldi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanamazd\u0131. <\/p>\n Cumhuriyetin 34 \u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131, candan savundu\u011fu \u015eeyhin hayat\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015e\u00e2heseri “V\u00e2rid\u00e2t”\u0131 temiz \u00fcsl\u00fbbuyla veren say\u0131n Bezmi Nusret Kaygusuz, bas\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde ilk defa”Men\u00e2k\u0131z”\u0131 ele alm\u0131\u015f olur (\u015eeyh Bedreddin Simaveni : \u0130zmir,1957). Ona g\u00f6re, Hayrullah Efendi Tarihinde.,\u015eeyhle akraba olan Sel\u00e7uk Sultan\u0131 Fer\u00e2m\u00fcrz o\u011flu III \u00fcnc\u00fc Alaeddin’dir. Tarih’i \u00e2l’i Osman (Adil o\u011flu Oru\u00e7, 9 uncu y\u00fczy\u0131l) da : Osman Gaazi Karahisar\u0131 al\u0131rken, Sultan Al\u00e2eddin, karde\u015fi o\u011flu Aktimur eliyle Osman’a malzeme, veziri Abd\u00fcl’ Aziz eliyle de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k buyrultusu ve M\u0131s\u0131r h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131ndan Akbayrak, “tu\u011f ve \u00e2lem” g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte bu, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’ne ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k buyrultusu getiren Abd\u00fcl’ Aziz \u015eeyh Bedrettin’in \u00f6z dedesidir. <\/p>\n \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetinin o karga\u015fal\u0131 “Uluslar\u0131n G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc” ve derebeyile\u015fmeleri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck derebeyi Cengiz S\u00fcl\u00e2lesinden Mahmut Gaaz\u00e2n han idi. Mo\u011fol imparatoru, “b\u00f6l ve g\u00fct”prensibine g\u00f6re, buyurdu\u011fu Rum Sel\u00e7uk \u00fclkesinde III \u00fcnc\u00fc Al\u00e2eddin Keykub\u00e2d\u0131 Kony\u00e2’ya, Amcas\u0131 Mes’udu Do\u011fu Anadolu’ya t\u00e2yin etmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrk beylerinden Baltu, Mesud’u tek \u015fah yapmak kaygusuyla Al\u00e2eddin’e kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklan\u0131nca, Gaaz\u00e2n, emrindeki Kutlup \u015eah\u0131 g\u00f6nderip Mesud’u esir ettirdi.Bu yol T\u00fcrk beyleri Al\u00e2eddin’i ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z h\u00fck\u00fcmdar il\u00e2n ettiler. Anadolu’da bu alt\u00fcstl\u00fckleri k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan M\u0131s\u0131r h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Melik N\u00e2s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fcyen Gaaz\u00e2n \u015eam’da bozuldu. Halep’ten Anadolu’ya ge\u00e7ti. Oradan Alaeddin’i ald\u0131. \u0130sfahan’a g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek idam etti. Al\u00e2eddin’in o\u011flu G\u0131yas\u00fcddin’i de bo\u011fdurttu. B\u00f6ylece art\u0131k Sel\u00e7uk saltanat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesi bile silinmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n O zaman Anadolu’da ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015f kalan iki derebeylik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131.Onlardan birisi: Serhad \u00fczerindeki S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct beyi Osman Gaazi idi. Anla\u015f\u0131lan, \u015eeyh’in dedesi Abd\u00fclaziz, karde\u015fi Alaeddin trajedisinden sonra, vaktiyle ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k buyrultusu g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Osman Gaazi’nin yan\u0131na gelmi\u015f ve say\u0131lan bir gaazi olarak Bizansa kar\u015f\u0131 kutsal sava\u015fa giri\u015fmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n 1937 y\u0131l\u0131, “\u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2b M\u00fczesi”ndeki elyazmas\u0131ndan i\u015fledi\u011fimiz “Men\u00e2k\u0131z” : Hen\u00fcz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir il\u00e7e beylikce\u011fizi olan Osmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 at\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131nda \u015eeyhin dedesi Abd\u00fclaziz’in oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc al\u00e7ak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcce destanla\u015ft\u0131rarak s\u00f6ze ba\u015flar. Yazar\u0131 Molla Halil, \u015eeyh Bedreddin\u2019in torunudur. Tarihi F\u00e2tih Mehmet g\u00fcnlerine varan manzum elyazmas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 : “H\u00e2z\u00e2 Menak\u0131b’\u0131 \u015eeyh, Bedreddin hin Kaadi \u0130srail”dir. <\/p>\n A- \u015eeyhin Do\u011fu\u015fu <\/strong><\/p>\n 1935 y\u0131l\u0131na gelinceyedek, \u015eeyh Bedrettin ‘in gerek dedeleri, gerekse do\u011fdu\u011fu yer ve tarih \u00fczerine a\u00e7\u0131k hi\u00e7bir \u015fey bilinmiyor gibiydi. O y\u0131l “\u0130nk\u0131l\u00e2p M\u00fczesi”nde \u015eeyhin torunu haf\u0131z Molla Halil’in manzum elyazma “MENAKIB”\u0131 ans\u0131z\u0131n elimize ge\u00e7ti. (1) Orada oldu\u011fu gibi anlat\u0131lan \u015eeyhin kendisi kadar soyu da \u00e7ok ilgi \u00e7ekiciydi. Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funda, Rumeli’ye ge\u00e7i\u015finde \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar seferini bozu\u015funda, \u015eeyh’in soyu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6nemli, \u00f6nc\u00fc rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu rol ayd\u0131nlanmad\u0131k\u00e7a, Osmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n pek \u00e7ok s\u0131rlar\u0131 karanl\u0131kta kal\u0131rd\u0131.1939 y\u0131l\u0131, Men\u00e2k\u0131p esas tutularak \u015eeyhin hayat\u0131 yeni ba\u015ftan yaz\u0131ld\u0131: Bu kitap, 27 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131, yaln\u0131z dilini az d\u00fczeltip temize \u00e7ekerek yay\u0131nl\u0131yoruz. “Simavna Kad\u0131s\u0131 \u0130sr\u00e2il’in o\u011flu” diye \u00fcn alan \u015eeyl\u0131 Bedrettin Mahmut R\u00fbm\u00ee \u00fczerine, l939 y\u0131l\u0131na dek, Cumhuriyet T\u00fcrkiyesi’nde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir tek bilim eseri yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (2) Onda \u015eeyhin yaln\u0131z \u0130srail adl\u0131 babas\u0131ndan konu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Kimi “Ter\u00e2c\u00fcm” yazarlar\u0131 \u015eeyhin dedesinin Abd\u00fclaziz oldu\u011funu bildiriyorlard\u0131 (3). Abd\u00fclaziz’in kim oldu\u011fu, ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmezdi. <\/p>\n De\u011ferli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz Bay Bezmi Nusret Kaygusuz Men\u00e2k\u0131p’tan yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserini yaymakta bizden \u00e7evik davrand\u0131. Himmeti var olsun: Kendi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ve “V\u00e2rid\u00e2t” terc\u00fcmesiyle daha derinle\u015fmi\u015f olan eserinde (4) \u015eeyhin a\u00e7\u0131k \u015feceresini koydu. Ona g\u00f6re : “Mevzu\u00e2t’i \u00dcl\u00fbm” da \u015eeyh, Sel\u00e7uk Sultan\u0131 Al\u00e2eddinin karde\u015fi o\u011flu, dedeleri Sel\u00e7uk vezirleridir : “T\u00e2c’\u00fct Tev\u00e2rih” te \u015eeyhin b\u00fcy\u00fck dedesi Sultan Al\u00e2eddinin yak\u0131n akrabas\u0131 ve vezirlerindendir : “K\u0131sas\u0131 Enbiya” da \u015eeyh, “Al\u00e2eddin’in amcas\u0131 o\u011fludur: “\u015eakaay\u0131k’\u0131 N\u00fbm\u00e2niye” ve “L\u00fbgat’\u0131 Tarihiyye ve Co\u011frafiyye”de Bedreddin, Sultan Al\u00e2eddin’in \u00f6z ye\u011fenidir. (\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Al\u00e2eddin’in) : “Hayrullah Efendi” Tarihi ile “V\u00e2rid\u00e2t” \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcnde, \u015eeyh Feram\u00fcrz o\u011flu III Al\u00e2eddin o\u011flu Abd\u00fclaziz o\u011flu \u0130srail’in o\u011fludur. <\/p>\n Bay Kaygusuz : “Bedreddin’in dedesi Abd\u00fclaziz, karde\u015fi III.Al\u00e2eddin Keykub\u00e2d’\u0131n vezirli\u011finde bulunmu\u015ftur.”(5) der. Abd\u00fclaziz’in atalar\u0131yla u\u011fra\u015fmaz. \u00d6zetlemeye \u00f6nem vermi\u015ftir. Oysa Men\u00e2k\u0131b \u015eeyhin en canl\u0131 trajedisini verdi\u011fi gibi Abd\u00fclaziz’in dedeleri \u00fczerine de a\u00e7\u0131klama yapar : II- \u015eeyhin Dedesinin Dedesi Ba\u011fdat’ta <\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eeyhin dedesinin dedesi Mo\u011fol sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Ba\u011fdat’a ni\u00e7in gitmi\u015f ? Men\u00e2k\u0131ba g\u00f6re : \u0130lkin, Men\u00e2k\u0131b dahi \u015eah Alaeddin’le soyda\u015f olan Bedreddindir, diyor. Cengiz ile, i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapan Al\u00e2eddin birincisidir.Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesinin Ba\u011fdat’a ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 besbelli \u00e7ok sonlara gelir. Cengiz heng\u00e2mesinden y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce \u0130ran Sel\u00e7uklar\u0131 devletinde Hasan Sabbab’\u0131n “Ha\u015fisi Partisi”, Rum Sel\u00e7uklar\u0131 devletinde “\u0130sm\u00e2il\u00ee” Partisi gibi tanr\u0131s\u0131z devrim \u00f6rg\u00fctleri t\u00fcremi\u015fti.Demek her iki Sel\u00e7uk d\u00fczeni \u00e7\u0131kmaz \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131yorlard\u0131.Halk i\u00e7inde yaman etkiler yapan devrimci partiler kimi saray ve hanedan \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda bile ho\u015fnutsuz taraftarlar bulmu\u015flard\u0131.(13) \u0130lkel sosyalizm geleneklerini b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn yitirmemi\u015f bulunan hanedan \u00fcyeleri halktan yana, saray entrikalar\u0131na kap\u0131lanlar halk d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcnce, arada ister istemez \u00e7eki\u015fme ve \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015fg\u00f6sterdi. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fmalardan halk\u0131n kendisine pek bir rahmet ya\u011fmazd\u0131. Kimi Bizans \u0130mparatorlar\u0131, kimi onlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kutbu olan Ba\u011fdat halifeleri, entrika \u00e7evirip yararlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar.”(14) <\/p>\n B\u00f6ylece, birbirinden \u00e7\u0131kma \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ilmeklendi : “\u015eeyh\u00fclisl\u00e2m eylemi\u015fti ey gan\u00ee” (Me, 7) deniyor. Ba\u011fdata gidip, \u015eeh\u00fclisl\u00e2ml\u0131k derecesine dek bilgini yeti\u015fmek i\u00e7in, \u00f6nce ka\u00e7an\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda bir gen\u00e7 olmas\u0131 gerekir. Amcas\u0131 zoruyla taht\u0131 elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f gencin durumu buna uygundur. Sonra, ayn\u0131 gencin, en az yirmi otuz y\u0131l bilim alan\u0131nda se\u00e7kinle\u015fmesi gerekir, ki \u015eeyh\u00fclisl\u00e2ml\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kabilsin. \u015eeyh\u00fclisl\u00e2m\u0131n Ba\u011fdat Fethi’nde trajediye u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ba\u011fdat’\u0131n Mo\u011follarca ele ge\u00e7irilmesi ise 1258 y\u0131l\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcls\u00fcn. O tarihten 23 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesi 1215 y\u0131l\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten Rum Sel\u00e7uklar\u0131 saray\u0131nda bir ba\u015fka trajedi oynan\u0131r.Bizans adam\u0131 G\u0131yas\u00fcddin Keyhusrev, sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce, tahta ge\u00e7en \u0130zzeddin Keyk\u00e2vus, hem amcas\u0131n\u0131, hem k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karde\u015fini bo\u011fdurup kumandanlar\u0131n\u0131 yakt\u0131r\u0131r! <\/p>\n Abd\u00fcl\u00e2z\u0131zin dedesi (\u015eeyh Bedreddin’in dedesinin dedesi) her kim olursa olsun, Bizans yanl\u0131 olan o Sultan \u0130zzeddin \u015ferrinden yakas\u0131n\u0131 kurtar\u0131p, amcas\u0131 elinden \u0130sl\u00e2m halifeli\u011fine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nabilir. Her zaman ve her yerde “Ruhani” rol g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez eliyle ka\u00e7an\u0131 kendine ba\u011flar. Bat\u0131 Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda barbar krallar\u0131 dama ta\u015f\u0131 gibi kullanan Papal\u0131kt\u0131r; Do\u011fu Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, kom\u015fu devlet saraylar\u0131na parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sokan \u0130sl\u00e2m papal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Abbas\u00ee Halifeli\u011fi, kendisine s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan genci, bir g\u00fcn yeri gelince kullanmak \u00fczere yeti\u015ftirip, zek\u00e2s\u0131na g\u00f6re en y\u00fcce bilginli\u011fe \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f olabilir.Men\u00e2k\u0131bin s\u00f6zleri birbirini tutar. <\/p>\n III- \u015eeyhin Dedesinin Dedesi Nas\u0131l \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc? <\/strong><\/p>\n Men\u00e2k\u0131b, Abd\u00fclazizin dedesi i\u00e7in “Cengiz Han \u0130L\u0130NDE \u015fehit oldu” diyor; Cengiz zaman\u0131nda demiyor. S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn anlam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da biraz daha a\u00e7\u0131yor. \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclme sebebi, tam \u015eeyh Bedrettin’in \u015f\u00e2n\u0131na uygun b\u0131r \u00fclk\u00fc ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yi\u011fitli\u011fidir : Abd\u00fclazizin dedesiyle Nasivr\u00fcddin neden kap\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar ? Halife, kurulan tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc : “Devlet adamlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kent ileri gelenlerini yan\u0131na al\u0131p, ma\u011frur H\u00e2n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya \u00e7\u0131kan Halife, b\u00fct\u00fcn maiyyetiyle Tatarlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.”. (16).Men\u00e2k\u0131b’\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay budur. Besbelli, \u015eeyh Bedrettin’in dedesinin dedesi de iki y\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe dayanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Belki \u0130bn’\u00ee H\u00e2cib’le birlikte d\u00f6nek \u015e\u00fc Nasivr\u00fcddin T\u00fbsi’yi Hanefilik veya M\u00e2likilik ad\u0131na “ilzam” (hapt) etmi\u015fler. Buna i\u00e7erleyen H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb o\u011flu da, safi d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7tan ge\u00e7irtmi\u015fti. IV- Fetret Ve Konya’ya D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f <\/strong><\/p>\n Men\u00e2k\u0131b bir \u015fey daha s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor : Orta Barbarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00e2ze vurucu g\u00fcc\u00fc, b\u00fcy\u00fck Orta kervan yolunu kanla, demirle a\u00e7t\u0131. Zengin ticaret ve \u0130sl\u00e2ml\u0131k merkezleri : Buhara, Semerkand, Belli, Merv, Hcerat kentleri yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7evrelerde ili\u015fen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nla kabile ve a\u015firetler, Bat\u0131ya do\u011fru \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fcler. Cengiz zaman\u0131 17 y\u0131l s\u00fcren Fetret \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar gibi bilgin katarlar\u0131 ak\u0131nt\u0131yla Bat\u0131ya s\u00fcr\u00fcklendiler. Mevl\u00e2n\u00e2 Cel\u00e2leddin Rum\u00ee’nin babas\u0131 Buharal\u0131 Emir Sultan, \u015eemseddin Tebrizi, Sadreddin Konev\u00ee, Burkhaneddin Mehmet Tebrizi, Ermiyeli H\u00fcssameddin, \u015eehabeddin S\u00fcherversi, \u0130drisi, Cen\u00e2b\u00ee ve ilk, ve ilh… bunlardand\u0131. (17). Anla\u015f\u0131lan, Abd\u00fclazizin babas\u0131 da, bilgin katli\u00e2m\u0131 yapan H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb o\u011fullar\u0131ndan, ayn\u0131 mekanizma ile yakay\u0131 kurtar\u0131nca yeniden Bat\u0131ya ka\u00e7\u0131p Konya’ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz : Bu k\u0131sa ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u015eeyhin al\u0131nyaz\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015ftur : 1-FETRET : \u015eeyhin soyunu yeriden oynat\u0131yor. D\u00f6rt ku\u015fak yukar\u0131daki dede Cengiz ak\u0131n\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ayn\u0131 Uzak ve Yak\u0131n Do\u011fular aras\u0131 kervan yolunu, ayn\u0131 ticaret amac\u0131yla ayn\u0131 Tatarlar 13. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131nda Cengiz,14. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonunda Timur ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131yorlar. Bu “Aziym Fetret” in ikincisinde \u015eeyh Timur “Afet”ini g\u00f6z\u00fcyle g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in Tebrize dek ko\u015facakt\u0131r. 2- Devrimcilik : \u015eeyhin atalar\u0131n\u0131 ve halk\u00e7\u0131 gelene\u011fi Sel\u00e7uklularda kaz\u0131yan \u0130zzeddin Keyk\u00e2vus’un Sivas\u2019taki mezar\u0131na \u015f\u00f6yle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. “Saltanat taht\u0131ndan mezar evine indi. Hazineleri, g\u00fcc\u00fc kalmad\u0131. Gezisini ya\u015fay\u0131\u015fiyle birlikte bitirdi. \u0130\u015fte her \u015fey b\u00f6yle zev\u00e2l bulur.” (18). Demek \u015eeyhin soyu b\u00f6yle ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131, halka yak\u0131nd\u0131. Onun i\u00e7in, o saraylar\u0131 titreten yaman \u0130sl\u00e2miyye devrimcili\u011fi, \u015eeyhin ruhunda parlayacakt\u0131r. 3- \u00dclk\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck; \u015eeyhin atalar\u0131 inan\u00e7lar\u0131 yolunda \u00f6lmeyi bilmi\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck fikir \u015fehidi olman\u0131n y\u00fcceli\u011fine ermi\u015flerdir. Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesi : Medeniyetin biricik \u00f6lmez de\u011feri bilim u\u011fruna ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck bayra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. \u015eeyh o bayra\u011f\u0131 dedelerinin elinden al\u0131p, d\u00fcnya saltanat\u0131 pe\u015finde insanlar\u0131 ezenlere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n B – Osmanl\u0131l\u0131k Ve \u015eeyhgil <\/strong><\/p>\n \u015eeyhin atalar\u0131, Rum Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 saray\u0131ndan uzakla\u015f\u0131nca, Ba\u011fdat’ta bir \u00e7e\u015fit bilim h\u00e2nedan\u0131 kurmu\u015f oldular. Ancak, zaman\u0131n yaman karga\u015fal\u0131klar\u0131 ortas\u0131nda k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 ve ba\u015f kesin rol\u00fc oynuyordu. Her sahici m\u00fcsl\u00fcman, bilimi k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 gibi kullanmak zorundayd\u0131: G\u00f6\u00e7ebe gelene\u011finin medeniyet \u00fclk\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ki\u015fileri ister istemez hem EVL\u0130YA (H\u00e2v\u00e2ri, hem M\u00dcCAH\u0130D (kutsal asker) demek olan GAAZ\u0130 (\u015e\u00f6valye) yap\u0131yordu. \u015eeyhgil de soyca yar\u0131 bilgin, yar\u0131 m\u00fccahit kesildiler. Osman Gaazi: Altay, oymak \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlerinden beri, Osmanl\u0131 yi\u011fitlik gelene\u011finde: \u00dc\u00e7ler, Yediler, K\u0131rklar vard\u0131r. Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz tayfas\u0131 YED\u0130LERdendi: “Yedi kimse idi bunlar, ey civan \u2013Heft enc\u00fcmve\u015f yere taban olan.”. (Me, 7) Yery\u00fcz\u00fcne \u0131\u015f\u0131k sa\u00e7an bu yedi y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 Abd\u00fclazizden sonra, iki karde\u015fi gelir; biri Abdulmumin. Y\u00fcrekli \u00e7eridir; Abd\u00fcl\u00e2zizin bilgin o\u011flu (\u015eeyhin babas\u0131) \u0130srail (19)dir. Gen\u00e7 \u0130srail hem \u015eeriat hem Cenk yi\u011fitiydi : “Buyru\u011funu tutard\u0131 Allah\u0131n tamam – H\u00fckm’\u00fc \u015eer’a olmu\u015f idi kalbi r\u00e2m Dirler i\u00e7li ana \u0130srail’i vakt – Cenge oldugu i\u00e7\u00fcn Azrail’i vakt” (Me, 8). <\/p>\n \u015eeyhgilden tarih denizinin y\u00fczeyine \u00e7\u0131kan be\u015finci ba\u015f :Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in k\u0131zkarde\u015fi o\u011flu T\u00fclbentli \u0130lyas’t\u0131r. O s\u0131ra, her \u00e7eri “b\u00f6rk” denilen ke\u00e7ek\u00fcl\u00e2h\u0131 giyerken o ak sar\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131:”Kimse t\u00fclbent giymez idi ol zaman – Do\u011fru b\u00f6rkler giyer idi her civan – Ak am\u00e2me sar\u0131yor ol g\u00f6rd\u00fcler L\u00e2kab\u0131n D\u00fclbendli \u0130lyas verdiler.” <\/p>\n En sonra gelmekle birlikte, adlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle Osmanl\u0131 tarihine sokmu\u015f olan \u015eeyhgilin iki T\u00fcrk \u015f\u00f6valyesi: Hac\u0131 \u0130lbeyi ile Gaazi Ece’dir. Bunlar Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in k\u0131zkarde\u015fi k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131d\u0131rlar. Babalar\u0131, hi\u00e7 de Sel\u00e7uk hanedan\u0131ndan gelmiyordu Men\u00e2k\u0131b’da yalan yok : “Lik, nesli \u00c2l’i Sel\u00e7\u00fbki de\u011fil G\u00fcrgen tohumu d\u00fcrerlerdi; \u00f6yle bil” (Me, 8). Bu g\u00fcrgen tohumu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n atlar\u0131 vard\u0131 (20). K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131 hakk\u0131na “N\u00e2md\u00e2r ve k\u00fcfre l\u00e2y\u0131k kimselerdi.” Tarihte de\u011fme Osman o\u011fullar\u0131yla atba\u015f\u0131 birlik \u00fcn b\u0131rakacaklard\u0131. Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Rumeliye ge\u00e7i\u015fi, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya \u015eeyhgil “Yediler” inin eseridir. Bir g\u00fcn “Be\u015fe S\u00fcleyman ile bu yedi acar” deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bulu\u015ftular. Nas\u0131l etsek te : “Rumeli \u0130sl\u00e2m ile bay\u0131nd\u0131r olsa diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler. O gece “\u015eeyh S\u00fcleyman” bir r\u00fcy\u00e2 g\u00f6rd\u00fc: B\u00fct\u00fcn erler topla\u015fm\u0131\u015fken, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez eller : Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n Rumeliye ge\u00e7i\u015finde \u015eeyhgil’in oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc, resm\u00ee tarih de gizleyemez. Cihann\u00fcm\u00e2 (21) daha \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar verir: S\u00fcleyman Be\u015fe ilkin Ece Bey ve Gaazi Faz\u0131l’la s\u00f6zle\u015fir.Bu adamlar Virancahisar denilen yerde G\u00fc\u011fercinli\u011fin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00c7inihisar yanlar\u0131na ge\u00e7erler. Orada canl\u0131 bir esir yakalarlar. \u00d6ld\u00fcrmek \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, esire “Hil’at” giydirirler. G\u00f6nl\u00fcn\u00fc alarak, Hisar’a girilecek yeri \u00f6\u011frenirler. Onun \u00fczerine, 80 ki\u015fi toplan\u0131p, sallarla kar\u015f\u0131ya atlarlar. Hisar’\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irirler. Burada ad\u0131ge\u00e7en F\u00e2z\u0131l bey \u015eeyhin amcas\u0131, Gaazi Ece halas\u0131n\u0131n torunudur. \u015eEYH BEDREDD\u0130N <\/strong><\/p>\n Simavnal\u0131 \u015eeyh Bedrettin, 1420 tarihinde do\u011fmu\u015ftur. Gerek T\u00fcrkiye Devrim tarihinin, gerekse b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Sosyal Devrim tarihinin en ilgi \u00e7ekici, en b\u00fcy\u00fck kahramanlar\u0131ndan biridir. \u015eeyh Bedrettin’in zaman\u0131na kadar medeniyetler d\u0131\u015ftan gelen barbar ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla -tarihsel devrimle- y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131rlard\u0131. Aksak Timur’un Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ak\u0131n tarihsel devrimlerin en sonuncusuydu. \u015euursuz medeniyet y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ilk sosyal devrimi yapmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, Modern \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcjdecisi Bedrettin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ile davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftiren b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ki\u015fidir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini “Varidat” ve “Teshil” isimli kitaplar\u0131nda s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n \u015eeyh Bedrettin gen\u00e7li\u011finde uzun seneler M\u0131s\u0131r’da; f\u0131k\u0131h, kel\u00e2m… gibi zaman\u0131n\u0131n ilimlerini tahsil etmi\u015ftir. O devirde halk\u0131n durumu y\u00fcrekler ac\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 Devleti, Padi\u015fah taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir; padi\u015fah\u0131n soyca yak\u0131nlar\u0131 olanlar; sultan, han, h\u00fcnk\u00e2r ve h\u00fcnk\u00e2r beyleri vb. adlarla \u00fclkenin verimli topraklar\u0131n\u0131 aralar\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131p, topraks\u0131z k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri k\u00f6le gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlard\u0131. Bu k\u00f6yl\u00fcler sava\u015flarda da asker olurlard\u0131. <\/p>\n Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u015eeyh Bedrettin ve m\u00fcritleri; halk\u0131n aras\u0131na kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, topraklar\u0131n onu i\u015fleyen, ona al\u0131n terini kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ranlar\u0131n oldu\u011funu, insanlar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011f\u0131ni \u00f6\u011f\u00fctl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. \u015eeyh Bedrettin bir orta\u00e7a\u011f k\u00f6yl\u00fc sosyalizmini ortaya koymu\u015ftu. Bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle, kendinden iki as\u0131r sonra gelecek olan \u00fctopik (hayal\u00ee) sosyalizmin kurucusu Thomes Moore’dan daha ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7iydi. <\/p>\n Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Beyaz\u0131t o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki taht kavgalar\u0131 sonunda; Sultan Mehmet di\u011fer karde\u015flerini yenerek tahta \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130leri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc birkimse olan karde\u015fi Musa \u00c7elebi ise \u015eeyh Bedrettin’den yanayd\u0131. Sultan Mehmet; Musa \u00c7elebiyi de yenerek \u015eeyh Bedrettin\u2019i \u0130znik kasabas\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn g\u00f6nderdi. <\/p>\n \u015eeyh burada bo\u015f durmay\u0131p; en sad\u0131k adamlar\u0131ndan B\u00f6rkl\u00fcce Mustafa ve Torlak Kemal’i halk\u0131 te\u015fkil\u00e2tland\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Ayd\u0131n ve Manisa dolaylar\u0131na yollad\u0131… Ayd\u0131n\u2019a, oradan Karaburun dolaylar\u0131na giden B\u00f6rkl\u00fcce Mustafa, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerle ili\u015fki kurdu ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini kabul ettirdi. B\u00f6lgedeki Hiristiyan halkla da dostluk kurdu. Ve bir k\u0131s\u0131m topraklardan a\u011fa-bey tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 atarak, topra\u011f\u0131 hep beraber i\u015flemeye, sosyal adaleti uygulamaya, karde\u015f\u00e7e ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Durumdan endi\u015felenen Sultan Mehmet, Saruhan (\u015fimdiki Manisa) valisini \u00fczerlerine g\u00f6nderdi.Te\u015fkil\u00e2tlanm\u0131\u015f k\u00f6yl\u00fcler Valinin kuvvetlerini Karaburun\u2019un dar ge\u00e7itlerinde tepelediler. <\/p>\n Bu s\u0131rada \u015eeyh Bedrettin \u0130znik\u2019ten ka\u00e7arak Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Deliorman b\u00f6lgesine gitmi\u015fti. B\u00f6rkl\u00fcce Mustafa’n\u0131n \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenen Sultan Mehmet bu sefer de Sultan Murad’\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kuvvetle \u00fczerlerine g\u00f6nderdi. Zaten bunu bekleyen B\u00f6rkl\u00fcce kuvvetleri “d\u00fc\u015fman ordusuna on bin balta gibi dald\u0131.” <\/p>\n Kahramanca \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. 8 bini \u00f6ld\u00fc. Di\u011ferleri esir edildiler.Bu olay\u0131, devrimci \u015fairimiz N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet; “\u015eeyh Bedrettin Destan\u0131” kitab\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle destanla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r: <\/p>\n “Hep bir a\u011f\u0131zdan t\u00fcrk\u00fc s\u00f6yleyip Yenilen bu devrimcileri, Ayaslu\u011f \u015fehrine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp boyunlar\u0131n\u0131 vurdurdular. B\u00f6rkl\u00fcce Mustafa’y\u0131 da kollar\u0131ndan bir deveye ba\u011flayarak \u00e7arm\u0131ha gerdiler. Bir \u00e7ok \u015fehirlerde gezdirerek te\u015fhir ettiler. Manisa dolaylar\u0131ndaki Torlak Kemal\u2019de ayn\u0131 ak\u0131bete u\u011frat\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n Bu s\u0131rada Deliormanda Bedrettin\u2019in etraf\u0131nda bir \u00e7ok halk toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Te\u015fkil\u00e2tlanmak \u00fczereydiler. Bunun duyan Sultan Mehmet adamlar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Bedrettin’in yan\u0131na g\u00f6ndererek, onun m\u00fcritli\u011fine ge\u00e7melerini s\u00f6yledi. Asl\u0131nda bunlar birer ajand\u0131. Ve f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 kollayarak Bedrettin’i \u00e7ad\u0131r\u0131nda bast\u0131r\u0131p ba\u011flad\u0131lar. Serez \u015fehrindeki Sultan Mehmet’in yan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine fetva \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p Serez \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir a\u011faca ast\u0131lar. <\/p>\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7i karde\u015f \u00a0<\/p>\n (1) Molla Haf\u0131z Halil (\u015eeyhin torunu) : “Menak\u0131b’\u0131 \u015eeyh Bedreddin \u0130bn’i Kadi \u0130srail”, yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 Fatih \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan manzum elyazmas\u0131.1935 y\u0131l\u0131na gelinceyedek hi\u00e7 bir yerde ad\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fitmedi\u011fimiz bu \u00e7ok zengin eser ba\u015fl\u0131ca kayna\u011f\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, oradan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pasajlar\u0131 yaln\u0131z parantez i\u00e7inde rakam yazarak i\u015faretleyece\u011fiz : \u00d6rne\u011fin (Me, 7) : Men\u00e2k\u0131b\u0131n yedinci sayfas\u0131 demektir. De\u011ferli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz Bay Bezmi Nusret Kaygusuz.<\/p>\n (2) M. \u015eerafettin (Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun \u0130l\u00e2hiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih’i Kel\u00e2m M\u00fcderrisi) “Simavna Kad\u0131s\u0131 O\u011flu \u015eeyh Bedreddin”, s. 4. 5. Evkaf Matbaas\u0131. 1341-1925. \u0130stanbul. Yazar “Men\u00e2k\u0131b”\u0131 bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u015eeyh \u00fczerine pek seyrek olarak ileriye s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kan\u0131lar\u0131nda yan\u0131l\u0131r. Gene de \u015eeyhi ilk defa karanl\u0131ktan kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in eme\u011fine te\u015fekk\u00fcr bor\u00e7luyuz. Eseri i\u00e7in (M.\u015e.) rumuzunu kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n (11) Osman Gaazi’nin b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu Al\u00e2eddin, Orhan Gaazi’nin b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman Pa\u015falar, vezir idiler. T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede Pa\u015fa s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Padi\u015fah\u0131no\u011flu anlam\u0131na gelir. (Hamma c. I, Abd\u00fcrrahman \u015eeref: “Tarih’i Osm\u00e2ni”, c. I, s.103)<\/p>\n (12) Sel\u00e7uk Al\u00e2eddin’lerinden birisi 10 uncu Sel\u00e7uk \u015eah\u0131 “G\u0131yas\u00fcdd\u0131in Keyhusrevin o\u011flu Al\u00e2eddin Keykubat 1:1220 il\u00e2 1237 (D. 617-536) dir; \u00f6tekisi : “Al\u00e2eddin Keykubad o\u011flu G\u0131yas\u00fcddin Keyhusrev o\u011flu \u0130zzeddin Keyk\u00e2vus”un o\u011flu Al\u00e2eddin Keykubad II dir. Bu 1393 il\u00e2 1401 (D. 697-700) y\u0131llar\u0131nda saltanat s\u00fcren 15 inci Sel\u00e7uk h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131d\u0131r. Anlat\u0131lan olaylara yak\u0131n olan\u0131, birinci Al\u00e2eddin’dir.<\/p>\n (13) 1193 il\u00e2 1202 (D. 589-599) y\u0131llar\u0131 Sel\u00e7uk \u015eahl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan “R\u00fckneddin, gizlice, dinsiz \u0130smailiye Partisi\u2019nin taraftar\u0131 idi. Bir g\u00fcn bir filozof (Hakim), ile bir dervi\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n saray\u0131nda ve huzurunda \u00e7eki\u015fiyorlard\u0131. Dervi\u015f Hakimin k\u0131yaslar\u0131na yenilince ona bir tokat atma kertesinedek i\u00e7erledi. “R\u00fckneddin ise bu \u00e7eki\u015fmeye hi\u00e7 kar\u0131\u015fmad\u0131. Dervi\u015f geri d\u00f6n\u00fcnce, Hakim, kendi huzurunda b\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015flemlere u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 R\u00fckneddine gocundu.” H\u00fck\u00fcmdar, ona \u015fu kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 verdi; “E\u011fer ben filozoflar\u0131n doktrinini a\u00e7\u0131ktan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa savunacak olursam, halk hepimizi yokeder.” Ayn\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmdar bir ya\u015fl\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011furdunu \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, Nedimi g\u00fczel Ayaz’\u0131n karn\u0131n\u0131 de\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.” (Hammer : Osmanl\u0131 Devleti Tarihi” Terc\u00fcme’den Mehmet At\u00e2 c. I. s. 71. Bedrosyan matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul,1329).<\/p>\n (14) \u00d6rnek;1202 de \u015eah R\u00fckneddin \u00f6ld\u00fc. Yerine ge\u00e7en o\u011flu \u0130zzeddin K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7aslan Hammerce 5 ay Saltan\u00e2t s\u00fcremedi. Konstantiniyye (Bizans)tan gelme G\u0131yas\u00fcddin Keyhusrev taraf\u0131ndan yenildi (1203 G. 600) O da 7 y\u0131l sonra Sava\u015fta \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc (1211 G. 607) ve ilh.<\/p>\n (15) Abbas\u00ee halifelerinden Mu’tasam ad\u0131n\u0131 alan 2 ki\u015fi vard\u0131r. Biri Zekeriy\u00e2 bin \u0130brahim; Cengiz ‘den 200 y\u0131l sonra M\u0131s\u0131r’da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6tekisi, Ba\u011fdat’ta h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren : Mu’tesim-bill\u00e2h: Rum Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131ndan 2 ve Cengiz olay\u0131ndan 4 y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. N\u00e2s\u0131r’ \u0131 T\u00fbsi : Kadim Fars folklorunu 30 y\u0131l u\u011fra\u015f\u0131p 60 binden a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 beyitle derleyerek “\u015eehname” an\u0131t eserini yazan, b\u00fcy\u00fck acem Homerosu say\u0131lacak Firdevsi’dir. Firdevsi’nin Ba\u011fdat’la ili\u015fi\u011fi yoktur. Kendisi de H\u00fblag\u00fb’dan 2 y\u00fczy\u0131l \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130bn’\u00ee Hacib’e gelince :Babas\u0131, Emir \u0130zzeddin Sal\u00e2hi’nin “H\u00e2cip”li\u011fini (kap\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131) yapan bir k\u00fcrtt\u00fc. Kendisi, m\u00e2liki fakiyhlerindendi. M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n Kons ey\u00e2leti, Esn\u00e2 kasabas\u0131nda 1175 (d. 570) y\u0131l\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015f,1248 (D. 646) y\u0131l\u0131 \u0130skenderiye’de \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Men\u00e2k\u0131b \u0130bn’\u00ee Hacib’in H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb o\u011flu elinde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yaz\u0131yor. Belki o s\u0131ra Ba\u011fdattayd\u0131. \u00d6ld\u00fc san\u0131l\u0131p ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n (16) \u0130brahim Hakk\u0131 : “Tarih’i Umumi”, c.11, s. 8 – 9 – Karabet matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1305.<\/p>\n (17) Hammer : c. I. s. 76, l.14, c.lll, s. 83<\/p>\n (18) Hammer : Keza<\/p>\n (19) \u015eeyhin babas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail ad\u0131, Sel\u00e7uklularla ili\u015fi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrklerinde \u0130srail yoktur. Adlar\u0131n\u0131 torunlar\u0131na vermek eski barbar gelene\u011fidir. \u0130lk Sel\u00e7uk’un karde\u015fi \u0130srail idi. Hammer cl. s. 65, 70)<\/p>\n (20) Men\u00e2k\u0131b yazar\u0131, \u015eeyhi Sel\u00e7uk h\u00e2nedan\u0131na ba\u011flamakla \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnmeye d\u00fc\u015fseydi. Yediler aras\u0131na g\u00fcrgen tohumu derlemekle ge\u00e7inenleri katmazd\u0131, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse o noktada susard\u0131. Men\u00e2k\u0131b’\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ger\u00e7ek belgeli\u011fi ku\u015fku g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez. “Bu men\u00e2k\u0131b i\u00e7re ne kim s\u00f6yledim – \u015eeyhten i\u015fitileri nakleyledim – Niceler \u015eeyhe men\u00e2k\u0131b yazd\u0131lar- Yazd\u0131lar amma, havada gezdiler, derken Halil kuru “\u0130ddia” yapmaz.<\/p>\n Sosyalist Gazetesi Say\u0131: 1-2-3-4-5-6-7<\/p>\n 20 Ocak 1966 – 22 Aral\u0131k 1970<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" “Olup Mansur, bu yolda verdi b\u00e2\u015f\u0131n“H\u00fcd\u00e2 a\u015fk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u00e7atm\u00e2d\u0131 kaa\u015f\u0131n“M\u00fcnaf\u0131klar atarlar tain taa\u015f\u0131n”“Bizim m\u00fcr\u015fidimiz \u015eeyh Bedreddindir.” (Men\u00e2k\u0131b, s. l38) Molla Haf\u0131z Halil (\u015eeyh Bedreddin’in torunu) BEDREDD\u0130N – HUS – \u0130BN\u00ce HALDUN Simavnal\u0131 \u015eeyh Bedreddin Mahmud Rum\u00ee (1359-1420), yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye devrim tarihinin de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in sosyal devrim tarihinin en ilgi \u00e7ekici b\u00fcy\u00fck kahraman\u0131d\u0131r: \u015eeyhin zaman\u0131na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4099","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel-tarih"},"yoast_head":"\n
Cumhuriyetin do\u011fu\u015f g\u00fcnlerinde \u015eeyhin \u00fczerine e\u011filen ilk (1925) ve 32 y\u0131l i\u00e7in son bilgin “Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun \u0130l\u00e2hiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Tarih’i Kel\u00e2m m\u00fcderrisi” say\u0131n M. \u015eerafettin oldu. “Simavna kad\u0131s\u0131 o\u011flu \u015eeyh Sedrettin” (Evkaf matbaas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 1341) adl\u0131 eser\u0131nde \u015eeyhin yaln\u0131z \u0130srail adl\u0131 b\u00e2bas\u0131n\u0131 anar. (S. .4.5) Elimizdeki “Menak\u0131b”i bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in,. \u015eeyh \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tek t\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri gibi \u015eeyhin derin soyu da ask\u0131da kal\u0131r. <\/p>\n
Ki\u015fi olarak \u015eeyhin soyu ve olu\u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131mda topland\u0131 :
1- \u015eeyhin dedesinin dedeleri;
2- \u015eeyhin yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131;
3- \u015eeyhin d\u00fcnyaya geli\u015fi.
I- \u015eeyhin Dedesinin Dedeleri <\/strong><\/p>\n
“Ceddi \u00e2n\u0131n Ba\u011fdat ilinde, ey said
“Oldu Cengiz h\u00e2n elinde \u015eehid” (Me, 7) der. Cengiz 1224 (g\u00f6\u00e7: 621) y\u0131llar\u0131nda Bat\u0131’ya d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vakit Ba\u011fdat Halifesiyle m\u00fcttefikti. Yaln\u0131z Mo\u011fol t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren Hvarzim \u015fah\u0131 Al\u00e2eddin’den \u00f6c almak \u00fczere: Maver\u00e2\u00fcnnehr, Hvarzim, Horasan, Kafkas \u00fclkelerini halla\u00e7 pamu\u011funa \u00e7evirdi. Ama, Ba\u011fdat’a inmedi. Molla Halil’in durup dururken yalan s\u00f6ylemeyece\u011fine, belki tarih yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re : Abd\u00fclaziz’in dedesi Ba\u011fdat ‘a ne vakit gelmi\u015ftir ? Orada ni\u00e7in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ?
Herkesten daha yetkili olarak Men\u00e2k\u0131b \u015funu anlat\u0131r :
Nesi idi Sultan Al\u00e2iddine bil
\u015e\u00fcphe yoktur bu s\u00f6ze ey zinde dil
“\u015e\u00e2h Al\u00e2eddin nesliydi \u00f6z\u00fc…” (Me, 7)
Bu \u015fah Sel\u00e7uklardan hangi Al\u00e2eddin idi? \u015eeyhin atalar\u0131 onunla nas\u0131l ku\u015faklan\u0131yordu?
Al’i Sel\u00e7\u00fbkilere neslen vezir
“Hem \u00e7\u00fc Al’i Bermeki Abbas mir.” (Me, 7) deniliyor. Cengiz K\u00e2\u015fgar\u0131 1219 y\u0131l\u0131, Semerkand’\u0131 1220 y\u0131l\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ft\u0131. O s\u0131ralar (G. 617, \u0130S : 1220) Rum (Anadolu) Sel\u00e7uk Sultan\u0131 Al\u00e2eddin Keykubad \u0130bn\u2019\u00ee G\u0131yas\u00fcddin Keyhusrev (\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc : 635, Kaam\u00fbs \u00e2l\u00e2ma g\u00f6re 636, \u0130s.1237) idi: Bu ki\u015fi Cengiz’le birlikte Hvarzim \u015fah\u0131 Mehmed Al\u00e2eddin’e sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Men\u00e2k\u0131b, hangi Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 konu etti\u011fini belirtmiyorsa da, Rum Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 besbellidir. Al\u00e2eddin ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00fc\u00e7 Sel\u00e7uk H\u00e2n\u0131 yaln\u0131z Rum (Anadolu) \u00fclkesinde saltanat s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu Sel\u00e7uklu H\u00e2nlar\u0131n d\u00f6l\u00fcnden gelen \u015eeyhin atalar\u0131, o h\u00e2nedana soyca “Neslen” vezir olmakta, t\u0131pk\u0131 “Bermek” o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n Abb\u00e2silere soyca vezir olu\u015flar\u0131na benzermi\u015f. Bir mec\u00fbsi ate\u015fgede hizmet\u00e7isi olan Bermek acem bezirg\u00e2n muhalefeti \u00fczerine barbar kollektif aksiyon gelene\u011fini temsil eden Horasanl\u0131 Eb\u00e2 M\u00fcslim ile birlikte Irak’ta k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir tarihsel devrim yap\u0131p “Abb\u00e2siye” halifeli\u011fini kuranlardand\u0131. Bermek o\u011fullar\u0131 750 il\u00e2 788 (G. 132 il\u00e2 171) y\u0131llar\u0131nda, s\u0131ra ile babadan o\u011fula ge\u00e7mek \u00fczere, 40 y\u0131l Abb\u00e2siler ister istemez “neslen vezir” olmu\u015flard\u0131.
Bu kadar ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131lan bir olay uydurma olamaz.\u00d6yleyse i\u015fin asl\u0131 nedir ? <\/p>\n
Emmisi \u015fah oldu\u011fu vakte an\u0131n
“Ka\u00e7up Abb\u00e2silere gitmi\u015fti an\u0131n.”
Eski T\u00fcrkler’de, Babah\u00e2nl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7ebe gelene\u011fince, H\u00e2n’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu, veziri “Be\u015fe” veya Pa\u015fa’s\u0131 olurdu (11). Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesi, anla\u015f\u0131lan Sel\u00e7uk \u015eah\u0131n\u0131n hem b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu, hem veziri imi\u015f. Hangi \u015e\u00e2h\u0131n ? S\u00f6ylenmiyor. (12) Sel\u00e7uk \u015eah \u00f6l\u00fcnce yerine b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu ge\u00e7meliydi. Burada, \u00e7ocu\u011fun amcas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kg\u00f6z davran\u0131p tahta konmu\u015f olacak: O zaman, baba miras\u0131 \u015eahl\u0131ktan yoksun kalan b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu, y\u00e2ni Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesi Ba\u011fdat’a ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f bulunabilir. Men\u00e2k\u0131b’\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6yle yorumlanabilir.Bu yoruma hak verdiren ba\u015fka olaylar da eksik de\u011fil. <\/p>\n
1- \u0130\u00e7 karga\u015fal\u0131klar, 2- Hanedan kavgalar\u0131, 3- D\u0131\u015f kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar. Bu \u015fartlar ortas\u0131nda Ba\u011fdat’a ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f olay\u0131 kendili\u011f\u0131nden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesi Ba\u011fdat’a ka\u00e7arken, Sel\u00e7uk Saray\u0131nda ve \u00fclkesinde besbelli karga\u015fal\u0131ktan ge\u00e7ilmiyordu: Ancak bu ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f hangi zamanda olmu\u015f olabilir ? \u0130lkin, Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in dedesi Cengiz zaman\u0131 Ba\u011fdat’a ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerektir. Men\u00e2k\u0131b’\u0131n verdi\u011fi ba\u015fka konkret olaylar o tarihle ba\u011fda\u015famaz: Alim etti Mu’tesim – bill\u00e2h ani <\/p>\n
“N\u00e2s\u0131r \u00ee T\u00fbsiye oldem arbede
“Eyliyen ol idi muhkem, ey dede
“\u0130bn’\u00ee H\u00e2cib’le ikisi, ey h\u00fcm\u00e2m
“Idicek ilz\u00e2m ani beynel en\u00e2m
“Kaak\u0131y\u0131p ibn’\u00ee H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fby’i l\u00e2iyn
“Itti anlar\u0131 \u015eehid anda hemiyn.” (Me, 7)
Burada an\u0131lan adlar, elyazmalar\u0131nda \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, Arap\u00e7a harflerin k\u00f6t\u00fc iml\u00e2 yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131na kurban gitmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.Bedreddin\u2019in babas\u0131 “\u0130srail” iken, C\u00e2mi\u00fclfus\u00fbleyn ile Brockelmann\u2019da “\u0130smail” olmu\u015ftu… Yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ay\u0131klamal\u0131y\u0131z. Bir yol, an\u0131lan Abbas Halifesi Mu’tasan\u0131 olamaz : M\u00fcsta\u2019sim olacak.Ba\u011fdat Mo\u011follar eline ge\u00e7ti\u011fi g\u00fcn, Abbasi halifesi M\u00fcrt\u00e2\u2019sim- bill\u00e2h idi. Ondan sonra, Abd\u00fclaziz’in dedesiyle “Arbede” (kap\u0131\u015fma) yapan ki\u015fi de N\u00e2s\u0131r T\u00fbsi olamaz. Besbelli \u00fcnl\u00fc bilgin N\u00e2sivr\u00fcddin’i T\u00fbsi ile acem folklorcu ozan\u0131 N\u00e2s\u0131r T\u00fbsi birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Hatt\u00e2, \u0130bn’\u00ee Hacib’in birlikte \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu bile epey \u015f\u00fcphelidir. (15). <\/p>\n
H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb o\u011flu ni\u00e7in k\u0131zd\u0131 ?
Ba\u011fdad’\u0131n Mo\u011follarca ele ge\u00e7irilmesi trajedisinde b\u00fct\u00fcn tarihsel devrim trajedilerinde barbarlar\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na benzer b\u00fcy\u00fck tarihsel ihanetlerden biri yatar. Halife M\u00fcsta’s\u0131m : \u015eiilere e\u011fginlik g\u00f6steriyordu. Bir \u015ei\u00ee olan M\u00fceyved\u00fcd-din \u0130bn’\u00ee Alkami’yi kendisine vezir yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu vezir ile, gene M\u00fcst\u00e2’s\u0131m\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan ve \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bilgini say\u0131lan Nasivr\u00fcddin T\u00fbsi gizlice birle\u015ftiler. Cengiz o\u011fullar\u0131ndan H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb H\u00e2n\u0131, gelerek Ba\u011fdat’\u0131 almas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Her\u015feyden habersiz Halife, Ba\u011fdat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Mo\u011follara yenilince, d\u00f6n\u00fcp kaleye kapand\u0131.Ku\u015fkulanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veziri \u0130bn’\u00ee Alkami ile Nasivr\u00fcddin T\u00fbsi, Halifelere, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte hakl\u0131 bir teklif yapt\u0131lar. Kaleden d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r ise, vaktiyle Sel\u00e7uk, o\u011flu Tu\u011frul Bey i\u00e7in Do\u011fu’da, Atill\u00e2’ya kar\u015f\u0131 Papaca Bat\u0131’da yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmeden gelenler elde edilmi\u015f olacakt\u0131. <\/p>\n
“Meyyitini ehl’i s\u00fcnnet ald\u0131lar
“Ebu Hanife iline kald\u0131rd\u0131lar
“\u0130kisinden gayri hem, ey din eri
“Vard\u0131 bin mikdar \u00e2lim, key \u00e7eri
“C\u00fcmlesi makt\u00fb oluptur big\u00fcnah
“Oldular fen\u00e2 f\u00fcl\u00e2t\u00fcnde tebah” (Me. 7)
Binlerce bilgin ve asker \u00f6l\u00fcs\u00fc aras\u0131ndan, \u0130bn’\u00ee H\u00e2cib sa\u011f kalm\u0131\u015f olabilir. <\/p>\n
“Fetret oldu ol arada ki, azim
“C\u00fcmle Rum’a n\u00e2zil oldular zebim” (Me. 7)
“Fetret” : Antika tarihte patlak veren her tarihsel devrimden sonraki devletsiz anar\u015fi zamanlar\u0131na denir. Bu hangi fetretti ?
Uzak Do\u011funun \u00c7in ve Hint medeniyetleriyle Yak\u0131n Do\u011funun Irak, M\u0131s\u0131r ve Akdeniz medeniyetleri aras\u0131nda en istikrarl\u0131 ge\u00e7it \u0130ran yayl\u00e2s\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7in ve Hintten kalkacak kervan, Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na inmek i\u00e7in, \u0130ran yayl\u00e2s\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131p gelirdi. Bu tarihsel karayolunun en i\u015flek kuzey kestirmeleri \u00fcst\u00fcnde Horasan ve Hvarzim \u00fclkeleri geli\u015fmi\u015fti. \u0130sl\u00e2ml\u0131ktan az \u00f6nce, bitmez t\u00fckenmez Bizans – Acem sava\u015flar\u0131yla t\u0131kanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. O zaman, Umman denizi \u00fczerinden g\u00fcney yolunu deneyen \u0130sl\u00e2ml\u0131k sahneyi tuttu. Tarihsel orta karayolunu a\u00e7ar a\u00e7maz, i\u00e7 z\u0131tl\u0131klarla par\u00e7aland\u0131. Bir s\u00fcr\u00fc “Tav\u00e2lf\u00fclm\u00fcl\u00fbk” bin ba\u015fl\u0131 m\u00fcsl\u00fcman derebeylikleri orta yolu gene t\u0131kad\u0131. Bu sefer, Ortaasya yollar\u0131n\u0131n eski bek\u00e7ileri ve kervanc\u0131lar\u0131 i\u015fe elkoymak zorunda kald\u0131lar. Cengiz ve o\u011fullar\u0131, Takakif\u00fcl-m\u00fcl\u00fbk devlet\u00e7ikleriyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ticaret andla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n para etmedi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce k\u0131l\u0131ca sar\u0131ld\u0131lar. Daha do\u011frusu gerek \u00c7in, gerekse \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetlerince elalt\u0131ndan sald\u0131rm\u00e2ya k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131lar. Cengiz, Hvarzime kar\u015f\u0131 Ba\u011fd\u00e2t Halifeli\u011fi ile Rum Sel\u00e7uklular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. H\u00fcl\u00e2g\u00fb, bizzat Ba\u011fdat Halifesinin vezirleri taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n
“Geldi Konya’da v\u00fccuda kend\u00fczi
“Sal\u0131 Al\u00e2eddin nesliydi \u00f6zi” (Me. 7)
Bir nokta kal\u0131yor : \u00c2bd\u00fcl\u00e2zizin dedesi Konya’dan ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015fken, \u015fimdi babas\u0131 Konyaya d\u00f6nebilir miydi ? Aradan y\u00fcz y\u0131l ge\u00e7mi\u015f, kendisinden ka\u00e7\u0131lan \u0130zzeddin Keyk\u00e2vus \u00e7oktan \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130zzeddin\u2019in torunu II. G\u0131yas\u00fcddin’le birlikte Rum Sel\u00e7uklar Mo\u011fol oyunca\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131. II. \u0130zzeddin M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019la andla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in azledildi. K\u0131r\u0131m\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fc. \u00dc\u00e7 o\u011flundan Mesud\u2019u Abaka kovar, Mahmut Gaaz\u00e2n, Do\u011fuya h\u00fck\u00fcmdar yapar. II. \u0130zzeddin’in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc o\u011flu Feram\u00fcrz’\u00fcn de \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu vard\u0131r. Konya h\u00fck\u00fcmdan II. Al\u00e2eddin, \u015eeyhin dedesi Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz ve Abd\u00fclm\u00fcmin. <\/p>\n
I – Osmanl\u0131 Kurulu\u015fu Ve \u015eeyhgilin Gaazileri
<\/strong>
Adil o\u011flu Oru\u00e7’un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Tev\u00e2rih’i Al’i Osman\u2019a g\u00f6re,Osman hen\u00fcz ads\u0131z binlerce gaaziden biri iken, ye\u011feni Aktimur ile Sel\u00e7uk Sultan\u0131 Al\u00e2eddinden (\u015feyhin dedesinin karde\u015finden) sil\u00e2h yard\u0131m\u0131 alarak Karahisar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irdi. Bunun \u00fczerine Al\u00e2eddin, veziri Abd\u00fclazizle (\u015feyhin dedesi ile) Osman Gaazi’ye : “M\u0131s\u0131r h\u00fck\u00fbmdarlar\u0131ndan gelmi\u015f Hz. Peygamberin ak sanca\u011f\u0131 ile tu\u011f ve alem ve de\u011ferli ba\u015fka hediyeler g\u00f6nderdi. <\/p>\n
G\u00f6nder \u00fczerindeki hil\u00e2li \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131p, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sayg\u0131 ile ota\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine koydurdu.” Bay Kaygusuz : “Abd\u00fclaziz’in ve kimi\u00a0 h\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n sonradan Osmanl\u0131lara ge\u00e7mesi, mutlaka bu ilk tan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n tesiriyledir” (Keza, 31) diyor. Demek Osman Gaazi’nin tarihe ilk giri\u015fi, \u015eeyhgilin eliyle olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6yleyken, \u015eeyhgilin en ufak mevki h\u0131rs\u0131 g\u00f6zetmediler. Din d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 sayd\u0131klar\u0131 hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmak onlara yetiyordu. Saltanat\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015flerdi. Bat\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 Osman o\u011fullar\u0131na kavga yolda\u015f\u0131 olmaktan ba\u015fka ama\u00e7 ak\u0131llar\u0131na gelmedi.
Osmanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurulu\u015fu gibi, en cesur fetihlerinde de \u015eeyhgilin pay\u0131 hi\u00e7 bir tarihte yaz\u0131lmad\u0131k kertede b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu. Osmanl\u0131 ak\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00c7anakkale \u00f6n\u00fcne geldikleri vakit, \u015eeyhin dedesi Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz y\u00fcz ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir pirdi. \u00c7o\u011fu gaaziler gibi hem dervi\u015f, hem k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 eriydi. \u00d6nce Mevl\u00e2na Cel\u00e2leddin Rumi’nin has haremine emin oldu.
“Pire hizmete itmi\u015f idi ol emir
“\u015e\u00e2hlar halinden olmu\u015ftu habir
“Hazret’i Mevl\u00e2na’ya ermi\u015fti ol
“E\u015fi\u011fine nice y\u0131l olmu\u015ftu kul.” (Me, 6)
Mevl\u00e2n\u00e2 \u00f6l\u00fcnce, H\u00fcsameddin Rum\u00ee \u00c7elebi’nin “\u015eamda’n\u0131na mum” olmakla yetindi. Saltanat\u0131 dervi\u015flikle seve seve de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f, fukaral\u0131kla kendisini hi\u00e7e saymaktan daha y\u00fccelik bulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131: “\u0130htiyar etmi\u015f idi fakr’\u00fc fen\u00e2-\u00e2na vird olmu\u015f idi hamd’\u00fc sen\u00e2” (Me, 6). Gaazinin anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Fen\u00e2 : Yokolma” tekkede fodla \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp, yasla da \u00f6lmek de\u011fildi. Olumlu i\u015fler g\u00f6r\u00fcp, yarat\u0131rken yitmekti. Hangi g\u00fcn “Gaz\u00e2 kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lsa” Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz “Fiy sebil’il -l\u00e2h” (Tanr\u0131 yolunda) elde k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 o kap\u0131dan er meydan\u0131na ilk \u00e7\u0131kan olurdu. Sava\u015fta u\u011furu denenmi\u015fti.Beyo\u011fullar\u0131 (\u015fehzadeler) Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’siz kavgaya girmezlerdi.Yi\u011fitli\u011fi yaz\u0131lmakla t\u00fckenmezdi : “\u00d6n\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015ferler idi Gaaziler – Konsa dolard\u0131 oyalar, yaz\u0131lar – Her gaz\u00e2da bile olsa idi ol-C\u00fcmleye nusratla hak a\u00e7ard\u0131 yol” y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan tecr\u00fcbesiyle hep ileriyi g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc. Her dedi\u011finin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 denenmi\u015fti: “Bir s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6ylerdi ol g\u00fcnde ay\u00e2n – Ertesi vaaki olurdu ol heman” (Me,6) <\/p>\n
II- Rumeliye Ge\u00e7i\u015f <\/strong><\/p>\n
“Diktiler \u00f6n\u00fcne bir k\u00e2fur mum
“\u015e\u00fblesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr aks\u00e2y’i Rum
“No\u015f min\u00e2reler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ol zaman
“Okunur savt’\u0131 b\u00fclend ile ezan.” (Me, 9).
G\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, Rumelinin fethi Osmano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n r\u00fcyalar\u0131na \u015eeyhgil Yedilerinin bask\u0131s\u0131yla girmi\u015ftir. O altbilin\u00e7 karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda enerji kazanan \u00fclk\u00fcy\u00fc, bomba gibi Osmanl\u0131 bilincine \u00e7\u0131karanlar da gene Yedilerin ba\u015f\u0131 olur. “Be\u011fe”li\u011fi, sonradan “Pa\u015fa”l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7evrilen Orhan Gaazi o\u011flu S\u00fcleyman “K\u00e2fur mumu \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131yla t\u00fcm Rum ilinde “Ho\u015f minarelerden avaz avaz ezanlar okunur g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yolda\u015f\u0131 Gaaziye anlat\u0131r anlatmaz o : “Dedi bir fethe i\u015farettir, tamam! – Himmet idin\u00fcz ge\u00e7el\u00fcm c\u00fcmlemiz \u2013 Din u\u011fruna ye\u011fd\u00fcr anda \u00f6lmem\u00fcz Yediler’in dinamizmi zincirinden bo\u015fand\u0131. Abd\u00fcl\u00e2ziz’in yorumu \u00fczerine : Be\u015fe S\u00fcleyman, Gaazi Ece, Gaazi \u0130srail, Gaazi Abd\u00fclm\u00fcmin, Hac\u0131 \u0130lbe\u011fi ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, gemi ile kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7tiler. Be\u015fe S\u00fcleyman : “Az zamanda \u00e7ok etti f\u00fct\u00fbh – Sonra attan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp teslim etti ruh.” (Me, 9) S\u00fcleyman’\u0131 “Bolay\u0131rda kodular”. T\u00fcrbesini yap\u0131p, ertesi g\u00fcn sa\u011f kalanlarla gaz\u00e2ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Her davran\u0131\u015f \u00f6ylesine basitti. \u0130\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ki\u015fi tap\u0131nc\u0131 ile adam aldatmaya kimse kalkm\u0131yordu. <\/p>\n
(K\u00e2tip \u00c7elebi : Cihann\u00fcm\u00e2, Elyazmas\u0131, No. 170, s. 682. K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Meh. P\u015f. K\u00fct\u00fcphane.) <\/p>\n
Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck devrimcinin hayat\u0131 ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devrin olaylar\u0131na k\u0131saca bir g\u00f6z atacak olursak \u015funlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. <\/p>\n
hep beraber sulardan \u00e7ekmek a\u011f\u0131,
demiri oya gibi i\u015fleyip hep beraber
hep beraber s\u00fcrebilmek topra\u011f\u0131
ball\u0131 incirleri yiyebilmek hep beraber
yarin yana\u011f\u0131ndan gayri her \u015feyde
her yerde
hep beraber
diyebilmek i\u00e7in
on binler verdi sekiz binini…” <\/p>\n
\u015eeyh Bedrettin\u2019in eyleminden \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fudur:
Bizi s\u00f6m\u00fcren emperyalist ve kapitalistler, kendilerine kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015fti\u011fimizi, te\u015fkil\u00e2tland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u00e7e\u015fitli oyunlar oynamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Kendi adamlar\u0131n\u0131 aram\u0131za bizdenmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6stererek sokarlar ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sabote etme\u011fe u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rlar. B\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc maksatla aram\u0131za girmi\u015f kimseleri hareket i\u00e7inde devaml\u0131 kontrolla meydana \u00e7\u0131karmal\u0131y\u0131z<\/p>\n