{"id":4268,"date":"2010-02-27T21:06:32","date_gmt":"2010-02-27T18:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/02\/27\/sinifimiz-ayri-sorunlarimiz-da-emekci-kadinlar-mucadeleyle-ozgurlesecek-ilkay-meric\/"},"modified":"2010-02-27T21:06:32","modified_gmt":"2010-02-27T18:06:32","slug":"sinifimiz-ayri-sorunlarimiz-da-emekci-kadinlar-mucadeleyle-ozgurlesecek-ilkay-meric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/02\/27\/sinifimiz-ayri-sorunlarimiz-da-emekci-kadinlar-mucadeleyle-ozgurlesecek-ilkay-meric\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z ayr\u0131, sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z da! | Emek\u00e7i Kad\u0131nlar M\u00fccadeleyle \u00d6zg\u00fcrle\u015fecek – \u0130lkay Meri\u00e7"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Burjuvazi istedi\u011fi kadar s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc karartmaya ve onu sistem i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, 8 Mart, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kapitalist sisteme, erkek egemenli\u011fine ve bunlar\u0131n bile\u015fik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olan \u00e7ifte ezilmi\u015fli\u011fe ve \u00e7ifte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 seslerini y\u00fckselttikleri bir ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu g\u00fcn, burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feministlerin iddia etti\u011fi gibi t\u00fcm kad\u0131nlar\u0131 erkek egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015ftirecek s\u00f6zde bir ortak m\u00fccadelenin de\u011fil, kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesiyle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e \u00f6rd\u00fckleri kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesinin sembol\u00fcd\u00fcr. 8 Mart 1857’de ate\u015fi yak\u0131lan isyan\u0131n kahramanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerse, bu isyan ate\u015fini o g\u00fcnden bu yana k\u00f6r\u00fckleyenler de her daim onlar olmu\u015ftur, ancak onlar olabilir.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ezilmi\u015fli\u011finin tarihi elbette kapitalizmle ba\u015flamaz; \u00e7ok daha gerilere, ortakla\u015fa m\u00fclkiyete dayal\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcz, e\u015fitlik\u00e7i kom\u00fcnal toplumun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nemlere uzan\u0131r. Bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f\u00fc takiben g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ilk s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 toplum, ayn\u0131 zamanda tarihteki ilk erkek egemen toplumdu. B\u00f6ylece insan\u0131n insan\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrmesine paralel olarak, bir yandan da erke\u011fin kad\u0131n\u0131 ezdi\u011fi, s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 cins konumuna itti\u011fi bir tarihsel d\u00f6nemin kap\u0131s\u0131 aralanm\u0131\u015f oldu. Bundan b\u00f6yle erkek egemen ideoloji ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 basacakt\u0131. \u00d6yle ki, kom\u00fcnal toplumlarda kad\u0131n, \u00fcretkenli\u011fin, ya\u015fam\u0131n ve bereketin simgesiyken, tam da bu toplumlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 topluma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesinin bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak, daha sonra kutsanan, \u00fcst\u00fcn ve ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclenler hep erkekler olacakt\u0131. Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n yerini erkek tanr\u0131lar, ard\u0131ndan onlar\u0131n da yerini art\u0131k tek bir erkek tanr\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm\u00fcyle erkek egemen bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan tek tanr\u0131l\u0131 dinlerde, kad\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck ve fesatl\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131, ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f bir yarat\u0131k olarak resmediliyordu. Bu yarat\u0131k, Adem’in yani erke\u011fin cennetten kovulmas\u0131n\u0131n da ba\u015f m\u00fcsebbibi olan bir yoldan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131. Akl\u0131 k\u0131tt\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla elma hik\u00e2yesinde de oldu\u011fu gibi \u015feytana kolayca uyabilirdi. Bu nedenle erkek ona kar\u015f\u0131 uyan\u0131k olmal\u0131, ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kmamal\u0131yd\u0131. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, hik\u00e2yedeki “cennet” art\u0131k maziye kar\u0131\u015fan e\u015fitlik\u00e7i kom\u00fcnal toplumu simgeliyordu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla cennetten kovulmayla birlikte mutlu g\u00fcnler de sona ermi\u015f, adaletsizli\u011fin, e\u015fitsizli\u011fin, karga\u015fan\u0131n kol gezdi\u011fi bir d\u00fcnya ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bundan b\u00f6yle kad\u0131n, binlerce y\u0131l boyunca, sadece bir hizmet\u00e7i ve erke\u011fin soyunun s\u00fcrmesini sa\u011flayan bir \u00e7ocuk yapma makinesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclecekti. \u00dcstelik \u00e7ilesi erke\u011fe yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde hizmet etmekle bitmeyecekti, cennette de mesaisi devam edecekti!<\/p>\n

S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z ayr\u0131, sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z da!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Erkek egemen toplumsal sistemlerle birlikte ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, bask\u0131ya, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmaya u\u011frayan kad\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fine ra\u011fmen, s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n tarihinin hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6neminde kad\u0131n cinsine e\u015fit olarak uygulanan bir e\u015fitsizlik s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131. Baz\u0131 kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in “ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f” olmak bile ula\u015f\u0131lmaz bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131k oldu hep. Zira onlar, “\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc” hatta “d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f” konumunda olan ezilen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131yd\u0131lar. S\u0131n\u0131flara b\u00f6l\u00fcnen toplumda, ezen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131yla ezilen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131, bu e\u015fitsizlikten de e\u015fitsiz \u015fekilde nasiplerini ald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in, ister Asyatik toplumda olsun, ister k\u00f6leci, feodal ya da kapitalist, sorun her zaman ayn\u0131yd\u0131: m\u00fclkiyeti, g\u00fcc\u00fc ve iktidar\u0131 erke\u011fiyle payla\u015fmak. Ancak buna ra\u011fmen egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131 bile yasalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda erkekle e\u015fit olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kapitalizme gelindi\u011finde burjuva feminist hareket, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n se\u00e7me-se\u00e7ilme, e\u011fitim, miras ve en \u00f6nemlisi de m\u00fclkiyetle ilgili konularda erkeklerle e\u015fit haklara sahip olma m\u00fccadelesini y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren ve yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde burjuva kad\u0131n\u0131 bu t\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Ezilen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131na gelince, onun sorunu t\u00fcm tarihsel ak\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde tamamen farkl\u0131 oldu. \u0130ster Asyatik toplumda olsun, ister k\u00f6leci, feodal ya da kapitalist, ezilen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in mesele \u00f6zetle \u015fuydu: bir yandan genel olarak erke\u011fin bask\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmak, \u00f6te yandan \u00e7ok daha yak\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015fekilde, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n erke\u011fiyle birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sorun olarak, egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcnden ve bask\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmak.<\/p>\n

Kapitalizmde kad\u0131n, bir patronun \u00fccretli k\u00f6lesi haline geldi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde erkekten bir derece \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fme \u015fans\u0131 yakalar. Kapitalist toplumun geli\u015fmesiyle birlikte kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal \u00fcretime kat\u0131lma oran\u0131 artar ve para kazanan kad\u0131n evde giderek erke\u011fiyle daha e\u015fit hale gelir. Onu kocas\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131lan ekonomik nesnel zeminin de\u011fi\u015fmesi, kad\u0131n\u0131 daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fclmedik bi\u00e7imde evden, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da kocas\u0131ndan “\u00f6zg\u00fcr” k\u0131lmaya ba\u015flar. Ama bu “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck”, kocas\u0131yla birlikte ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi saatlerin \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 patrona satan i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccretli k\u00f6leli\u011fi pahas\u0131na elde etti\u011fi bir “\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckt\u00fcr”. Kapitalist toplumda i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n elde etti\u011fi hak, kendisi de m\u00fclks\u00fcz olan erke\u011fiyle m\u00fclkiyeti de\u011fil \u00fccretli k\u00f6lelik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fma hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla onun g\u00f6r\u00fcp g\u00f6rebilece\u011fi yeg\u00e2ne e\u015fitlik s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmekte e\u015fitliktir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, her ikisi de kad\u0131n cinsine dahil olmakla birlikte, burjuva kad\u0131nla i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n sorunlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en az s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kadar derin bir u\u00e7urum s\u00f6z konusudur. Tam da bu y\u00fczdendir ki, m\u00fclkiyeti ve egemenli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n erke\u011fiyle payla\u015fmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan burjuva feminizmi ile toplumun ezilen \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu olu\u015fturan m\u00fclks\u00fczlerin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 ilk d\u00f6nemlerden itibaren \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 yollardan ilerlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feminizminin temel sorunu erkeklerle hukuksal e\u015fitlik sa\u011flanmas\u0131 sorunuyken, i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n sorunu bunun \u00e7ok \u00f6tesine ta\u015far. Birinciler sorunu, m\u00fclkiyet, kariyer, stat\u00fc gibi konularda e\u015fitsizlikte g\u00f6r\u00fcrler ve kad\u0131n sorununun e\u011fitimle, toplumsal ilerlemeyle, hukuksal d\u00fczenlemelerle, kapitalizm a\u015f\u0131lmadan da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini savunurlar. Onlar sorunu bireysel temelde ele al\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc de o temelde g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Oysa i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kad\u0131n sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc burjuva hukuksal e\u015fitlikle, e\u011fitimle vb. sa\u011flanamaz. Kapitalizm, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanan, ezilen, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa t\u00e2bi tutulan i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc, \u00fccret k\u00f6leli\u011fiyle iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karan bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sistemidir. \u0130\u015fte bu nedenle onun i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sorunu, s\u0131n\u0131fsal do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi, bireysel de\u011fil toplumsal bir devrim sorunudur. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131, kapitalist s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n erkekleriyle omuz omuza verece\u011fi bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmek zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n sorununu sadece bir cinsiyet sorunu olarak de\u011ferlendirmeyip ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u0131n\u0131fsal temelleri ve boyutlar\u0131yla ele alan Marksizmin tersine, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feminizmi, onu s\u0131n\u0131flardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rmaya ve erkeklere kar\u015f\u0131 bir kad\u0131n dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na indirgemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Ne var ki, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 birbiriyle tamamen \u00e7eli\u015fen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleriyle dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131 olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n patronlar\u0131n kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilere hi\u00e7 de karde\u015f\u00e7e duygular beslemedi\u011fini, erkek patronlardan \u00e7ok daha ac\u0131mas\u0131z olabildiklerini i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00e7ok iyi bilirler. T\u0131pk\u0131 erkek kapitalist gibi bir kad\u0131n kapitalistin de kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iyi tercih etmesinin ger\u00e7ekte tek nedeni olabilir: daha ucuz i\u015f\u00e7ilik. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n gece vardiyalar\u0131nda ve mesailerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta problemler ya\u015famalar\u0131, gebelik, annelik durumlar\u0131 gibi nedenler, kad\u0131n kapitalistin de can\u0131n\u0131 en az erke\u011fi kadar s\u0131kar ve e\u011fer kendisine sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 k\u00e2r \u00e7ok da fazla olmayacaksa m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iden uzak durmay\u0131 tercih eder. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc kad\u0131nlardan olu\u015fan bir kad\u0131n kapitalistin i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, servis, kre\u015f, revir, emzirme odas\u0131 gibi, kad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren d\u00fczenlemelerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131, i\u015f saatlerinin k\u0131salt\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi konulara verece\u011fi tepkiyle erkek kapitalistinki aras\u0131nda herhangi bir fark bulunabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir mi?<\/p>\n

Kapitalizm kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in \u00e7ifte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc demektir<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kapitalizm, insan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na de\u011fil k\u00e2ra dayal\u0131 bir sistem olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131rmayan bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sistemidir. Bu sistemde, i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n bir yandan i\u015fyerinde patron i\u00e7in \u00fcretim yaparken, i\u015f saatlerinden arta kalan zaman\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de ev i\u015flerine, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131na ve erke\u011fin (baban\u0131n, kocan\u0131n, erkek karde\u015fin) hayat\u0131n\u0131n yeniden \u00fcretimine ay\u0131rmak zorundad\u0131r. Oysa kapitalizmin \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7leri geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi mevcut d\u00fczey, kad\u0131n\u0131, yorucu, y\u0131prat\u0131c\u0131 ev i\u015flerinden kurtarmak i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: lokantalar, kre\u015fler, temizlik ve \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r \u015firketleri… Ama b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131lmaz l\u00fckslerdir. O nedenle i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n en az sekiz saat patron taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra yorgun arg\u0131n eve d\u00f6n\u00fcp, bu sefer de evdeki mesaisine ba\u015flamak zorundad\u0131r. Yani kapitalizm i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n i\u00e7in \u00e7ifte ezilmi\u015flik ve \u00e7ifte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc demektir.<\/p>\n

Kapitalist sistemde kad\u0131n eme\u011fi ucuz emek olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ve pek \u00e7ok durumda salt bu y\u00fczden tercih edilmektedir. Bug\u00fcn en geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkelerde bile kad\u0131nlar erkeklerden y\u00fczde 10-25 oran\u0131nda daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret al\u0131yorlar ve bu oran daha geri \u00fclkelerde y\u00fczde 30-50’ye y\u00fckseliyor. \u0130statistiklere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yoksul i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131 (330 milyon) kad\u0131nlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor ve bu nedenle herhangi bir sosyal g\u00fcvenceleri bulunmuyor. G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi, y\u00fczlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k kapitalizmin emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlara sundu\u011fu “e\u015fitlik”, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmekte e\u015fitlik noktas\u0131n\u0131n bile \u00e7ok \u00e7ok gerisinde kal\u0131yor!<\/p>\n

Kapitalizmin tarihi, b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015flarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kitleler halinde sanayiye \u00e7ekilmesiyle doldurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ve sava\u015f bittikten sonra \u00e7e\u015fitli politikalarla tekrar eve g\u00f6nderilmelerinin \u00f6rnekleriyle doludur. Gerek Birinci gerekse \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fcretime \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in afi\u015flerle, filmlerle devasa propaganda kampanyalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve milyonlarca kad\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne dahil edilmi\u015ftir. Kad\u0131nlar kapitalizmin ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funda erkeklerle ayn\u0131 i\u015fi yapan e\u015fitler olarak kutsan\u0131rken (\u00fccrette de\u011fil i\u015fte e\u015fitler!), i\u015fler k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitti\u011finde, g\u00f6revlerinin iyi bir e\u015f ve iyi bir anne olmak oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rlat\u0131larak evin yolu g\u00f6sterilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Almanya’da kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fczde 230 artm\u0131\u015f, sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda ise bu i\u015f\u00e7iler yerlerini erkek i\u015f\u00e7ilere b\u0131rakarak eve d\u00f6nmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle 1929 krizini izleyen Nazi iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, kad\u0131nlar Nazi imparatorlu\u011funa \u00e7ocuk \u00fcretecek birer kulu\u00e7ka makinesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir:<\/p>\n

“1930’larda, Nazi Almanya’s\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar zorla i\u015flerinden edildi ve yerlerine erkekler i\u015fe al\u0131nd\u0131. Almanya ve Avusturya’da kad\u0131nlar 1929 krizinin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitlesel i\u015fsizli\u011fin en a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fcklerine katlanmak zorunda kald\u0131lar. Kad\u0131nlar sigortas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, bu y\u00fczden de i\u015fsizlik yard\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131 kaybediyorlard\u0131. … Devlet dairelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlardan, \u00f6nce i\u015flerini b\u0131rakmalar\u0131 istendi. Almanya’da iktidar\u0131 Nazilerin ele ge\u00e7irmesinin ard\u0131ndan, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itilmesi, i\u015fsizli\u011fi alt seviyelerde tutmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. … Annelik, Nazi program\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlara ili\u015fkin b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn temel ta\u015f\u0131yd\u0131; s\u00f6zde \u00fcst\u00fcn \u0131rk\u0131n korunmas\u0131. Evlendikten be\u015f y\u0131l sonra \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmayan \u00e7iftler para cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, d\u00f6rt ve daha fazla \u00e7ocuk sahibi olanlarsa \u00f6d\u00fcllendirildi.” (Barbara Humphries, Kad\u0131n ve Kapitalizm, www.marksist.com)<\/p>\n

Ne var ki ikinci sava\u015f patlak verdi\u011finde her \u015fey tekrar de\u011fi\u015fecek, kad\u0131nlar yine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle \u00fcretime \u00e7ekileceklerdi. Sadece Nazi Almanya’s\u0131nda de\u011fil genel olarak t\u00fcm kapitalist \u00fclkelerde kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kaderi ayn\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u0131pk\u0131 sava\u015f d\u00f6nemlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi ekonominin b\u00fcy\u00fcme d\u00f6nemlerinde de, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in kad\u0131nlar y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar halinde \u00fcretime dahil edilirler, ta ki kriz patlak verinceye dek. O zaman ilk kap\u0131 g\u00f6sterilecek olanlar yine kad\u0131nlard\u0131r. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131ysa \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, yarat\u0131lan rekabet sonucu \u00fccretlerin genel olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde bir ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar. T\u00fcm\u00fcyle kapitalizmin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ko\u015fullardan dolay\u0131, sosyal g\u00fcvencesi, d\u00fczenli bir i\u015fi ve geliri olmayan kad\u0131n\u0131n, erke\u011fe ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131ktan, fiziksel ve cinsel \u015fiddetten, ikincil konumundan kurtulmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kapitalizmin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na y\u00f6neltti\u011fi ve dozunu her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lardan en \u00e7ok etkilenenler de emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlard\u0131r. \u0130nsan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n paraya endekslenip hastanelerin ticarethaneye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden en \u00e7ok zarar g\u00f6renlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar geliyor. Yoksulluk nedeniyle okula g\u00f6nderilmeyenler \u00f6ncelikle k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar olurken, d\u00fcnyada okur-yazar olmayan her 3 ki\u015fiden 2’sini kad\u0131nlar olu\u015fturuyor. Bu nedenle, herkes i\u00e7in tam kapsaml\u0131, kaliteli ve paras\u0131z sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti talebinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, e\u015fit, paras\u0131z ve kaliteli e\u011fitim talebi, ba\u015fta kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iler olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseltmesi gereken en \u00f6nemli ve acil talepler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 e\u015fitsizlik her alanda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Kad\u0131nlar, kapitalist toplumda esas olarak m\u00fclk sahibi kad\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren miras, m\u00fclk edinme, se\u00e7me-se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131 gibi konularda k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fczerinde e\u015fit yasal haklara kavu\u015fsalar da, kapitalizmin erkek egemen do\u011fas\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 olarak cins ayr\u0131mc\u0131 yasalar ve uygulamalar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerinde bug\u00fcn bile varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ve ku\u015fkusuz bunlar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i-emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131 ma\u011fdur eden yasalar (medeni kanunlardaki, i\u015f yasalar\u0131ndaki \u00e7e\u015fitli maddeler gibi) olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya genelinde m\u00fcltecilerin y\u00fczde 80’ini kad\u0131nlar olu\u015ftururken, yoksullar\u0131n y\u00fczde 70’i kad\u0131n. D\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l, yar\u0131m milyondan fazla kad\u0131n, gebelik ya da do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitiriyor. Ve hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar. Bu tabloya bakmak bile, kapitalizm alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131flardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z genel bir kad\u0131n sorunu tarif edilemeyece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n

Sorunumuzu burjuvazinin yasalar\u0131 ve d\u00fczeni \u00e7\u00f6zemez<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n sorununun tarif edilmesi noktas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc noktas\u0131nda da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fsal bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Konuya kendi me\u015freplerince yakla\u015fan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feministler, kad\u0131n milletvekillerinin, kad\u0131n hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131n, kad\u0131n patronlar\u0131n, \u00fcst d\u00fczey kad\u0131n y\u00f6neticilerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla daha e\u015fitlik\u00e7i yasalar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na, daha adil i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinin kurulaca\u011f\u0131na, “e\u015fitlik\u00e7i”, “kad\u0131nc\u0131l”, “duyarl\u0131”, “adaletli” bir toplumun yolunun buralardan ge\u00e7ti\u011fine inan\u0131rlar ve m\u00fccadelelerini bu alanla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutarlar.* Meseleyi i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n perspektifinden de\u011ferlendiren Marksistlerse, kad\u0131n \u00fczerindeki s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn, bask\u0131n\u0131n, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u015fiddetin, gerek yasalar ba\u011flam\u0131nda, gerekse ya\u015fam\u0131n i\u00e7inde, ancak s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin y\u00fckseltilmesiyle ve kad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde daha fazla yer almas\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yoluna girebilece\u011fini savunurlar. Kad\u0131n sorununun k\u00f6kl\u00fc ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yoluna girmesi i\u015f\u00e7i iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayacak ve cinsler aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131mlardan kaynaklanan izler s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z toplumda t\u00fcm\u00fcyle silinecektir.<\/p>\n

Cins ayr\u0131mc\u0131 yasalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hukuksal alanda ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitli\u011fin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi gereken m\u00fccadelenin emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinde h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir aya\u011f\u0131 te\u015fkil etti\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r. Bununla birlikte bu m\u00fccadelenin olduk\u00e7a geri d\u00fczeylerde seyrediyor olmas\u0131 bile, sorunun s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesiyle nas\u0131l do\u011frudan bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde oldu\u011funun \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir g\u00f6stergesidir. S\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesindeki genel gerilemenin ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fcts\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frudan bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi de alabildi\u011fine zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feministler istedikleri kadar s\u0131n\u0131flardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir kad\u0131n sorunu tan\u0131mlay\u0131p, i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir kad\u0131n hareketi yaratmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fadursunlar, bu zay\u0131fl\u0131k feminist hareketteki gerilemenin de birincil nedenidir. Zira \u015fimdiye dek kad\u0131n hareketlerindeki ger\u00e7ek anlamda y\u00fckseli\u015flerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin de y\u00fckseli\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011fi d\u00f6nemlerde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn ba\u015fta kom\u00fcnistler olmak \u00fczere, t\u00fcm \u00f6nc\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131n ve erkeklerin en temel g\u00f6revlerinden biri de, sendika y\u00f6netimlerindeki, grev komitelerindeki, fabrika komitelerindeki ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fctlerindeki kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakt\u0131r. Ekonomik ve siyasal m\u00fccadelenin her alan\u0131nda, her grevde, her direni\u015fte say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6rne\u011fine rastlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczere, m\u00fccadeleye at\u0131lan kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin birka\u00e7 ay gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kendilerini bile \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtacak d\u00fczeyde olmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden bizler, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131 ancak m\u00fccadelenin \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirebilece\u011fini, kendine olan g\u00fcvenini yerine getirece\u011fini ve onu en \u00f6n saflara s\u0131\u00e7rataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilerek, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f yolunu ancak erke\u011fiyle omuz omuza verece\u011fi m\u00fccadelenin a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yoruz. Bu yolu alabildi\u011fine geni\u015fletecek olan\u0131nsa, t\u0131pk\u0131 Ekim Devrimi \u00f6rne\u011finin de g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, i\u015f\u00e7i devrimiyle kurulacak bir i\u015f\u00e7i iktidar\u0131 oldu\u011fu tarihteki \u00f6rneklerden a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bellidir.<\/p>\n

*Ku\u015fkusuz kendilerini hukuksal alandaki m\u00fccadeleyle s\u0131n\u0131rlamayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feministler de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu feminist kad\u0131nlar esas olarak erkek egemen toplumsal yap\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 savunurlar, fakat kad\u0131n sorununu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kendinden menkul bir mesele olarak ele ald\u0131klar\u0131ndan, m\u00fccadelelerini s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesiyle birle\u015ftirmekten ve sosyalizm m\u00fccadelesinin par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirmekten alabildi\u011fine uzak dururlar. Nitekim her 8 Martta, devrimci \u00e7evrelerin kad\u0131nl\u0131 erkekli karma bir kat\u0131l\u0131mla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek birle\u015fik ve daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir eylem \u00f6nerisini “erkekler miting alan\u0131na giremez” diyerek uzla\u015fmaz bir \u015fekilde reddeden, fakat aralar\u0131nda kendilerine sosyalist diyenler de bulundu\u011fu halde, ayn\u0131 hassasiyeti burjuva kad\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 konusunda g\u00f6stermeyenler de bunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Burjuvazi istedi\u011fi kadar s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc karartmaya ve onu sistem i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, 8 Mart, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kapitalist sisteme, erkek egemenli\u011fine ve bunlar\u0131n bile\u015fik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olan \u00e7ifte ezilmi\u015fli\u011fe ve \u00e7ifte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 seslerini y\u00fckselttikleri bir ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu g\u00fcn, burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva feministlerin iddia etti\u011fi gibi t\u00fcm kad\u0131nlar\u0131 erkek egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 birle\u015ftirecek s\u00f6zde bir ortak m\u00fccadelenin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[176],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4268","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-kadin-a-dair"},"yoast_head":"\nS\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z ayr\u0131, sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z da! | Emek\u00e7i Kad\u0131nlar M\u00fccadeleyle \u00d6zg\u00fcrle\u015fecek - \u0130lkay Meri\u00e7 - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/02\/27\/sinifimiz-ayri-sorunlarimiz-da-emekci-kadinlar-mucadeleyle-ozgurlesecek-ilkay-meric\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z ayr\u0131, sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z da! | Emek\u00e7i Kad\u0131nlar M\u00fccadeleyle \u00d6zg\u00fcrle\u015fecek - \u0130lkay Meri\u00e7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Burjuvazi istedi\u011fi kadar s\u0131n\u0131fsal \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc karartmaya ve onu sistem i\u00e7ine \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n, 8 Mart, emek\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kapitalist sisteme, erkek egemenli\u011fine ve bunlar\u0131n bile\u015fik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olan \u00e7ifte ezilmi\u015fli\u011fe ve \u00e7ifte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye kar\u015f\u0131 seslerini y\u00fckselttikleri bir ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. 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