{"id":4343,"date":"2010-03-15T11:10:57","date_gmt":"2010-03-15T08:10:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/03\/15\/kurtlere-karsi-enfal-harekati-halepce-katliami-nuri-firat\/"},"modified":"2010-03-15T11:10:57","modified_gmt":"2010-03-15T08:10:57","slug":"kurtlere-karsi-enfal-harekati-halepce-katliami-nuri-firat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/03\/15\/kurtlere-karsi-enfal-harekati-halepce-katliami-nuri-firat\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131 | Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131 – Nuri F\u0131rat"},"content":{"rendered":"

Saddam H\u00fcseyin rejimi ile K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131ndaki politik gerilimin tarih\u00e7esi uzun s\u00fcre \u00f6nceye dayan\u0131r. Irak devlet olarak daha kurulmadan \u00f6nceden ba\u015flayan ve asl\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin s\u00fcren bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma hali s\u00f6z konusudur. Diktatoryal bir y\u00f6netim anla\u015f\u0131yla Irak\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6neten Saddam H\u00fcseyin d\u00f6neminde ise politik gerilim, tarihe ge\u00e7ecek kadar kanl\u0131 olaylara sahne oldu.<\/p>\n

Saddam H\u00fcseyin rejimi K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 Arapla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koydu. Bu politika, 1970\u2032lerden itibaren, Saddam\u2019\u0131n iktidar\u0131n\u0131 iyice g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdikten sonra daha \u015fiddetli bir \u015fekilde savunuldu. Bu politika kapsam\u0131nda, K\u00fcrtlere tan\u0131nan s\u00f6zde \u00f6zerklik dahil bir\u00e7ok hak, asl\u0131nda fiiliyatta reddediliyordu. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k K\u00fcrtler ise haklar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla pe\u015fmerge hareketiyle isyan durumundayd\u0131. Saddam hem Arapla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 hem de isyan halindeki K\u00fcrtlerin bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, dolas\u0131yla K\u00fcrt sorunundan \u2018kurtulmak\u2019 i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fiddet hamlesini 1986\u2032dan sonra devreye koydu. Bu \u015fiddet hamlesi, pratik olarak 1987\u2032den itibaren ad\u0131m ad\u0131m y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konulan bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m plan\u0131yd\u0131.Saddam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in bu d\u00f6nemde soyk\u0131r\u0131m plan\u0131n\u0131n devreye koymas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli nedenlerinden birisi de ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde s\u00fcren \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131yla da ba\u011flanlant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. 1979\u2032da \u0130ran\u2019da \u0130slam Devrimi\u2019nin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden bir y\u0131l sonra Saddam H\u00fcseyin \u0130ran\u2019la sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Saddam\u2019\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019a sava\u015f a\u00e7mas\u0131nda elbette ki, ABD\u2019nin \u00f6nemli bir etkisi bulunuyor. Sava\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde Irak ile \u0130ran aras\u0131nda cereyan ederken, asl\u0131nda ABD yanl\u0131s\u0131 \u015eahl\u0131k rejimini deviren \u0130slam Devrimi y\u00f6netimi ile ABD aras\u0131ndaki bir sava\u015f s\u00f6z konusuydu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Saddam, \u0130ran\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta, en b\u00fcy\u00fck lojistik, diplomatik ve siyasi deste\u011fi m\u00fcttefiki ABD\u2019den alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n Halep\u00e7e\u2019ye uzanan yolu ise, K\u00fcrt \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin politik tutumlar\u0131yla ilgili olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Saddam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in K\u00fcrtlere uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zulme kar\u015f\u0131, K\u00fcrt \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, \u00f6zellikle de YNK, sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde \u0130ran\u2019la ittifaka girmeyi tercih etti. Sava\u015f\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru \u0130ran\u2019la anla\u015fmaya varan Saddam, bir bak\u0131ma sava\u015f\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrtlerden \u00e7\u0131karmaya kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve o g\u00fcne kadar uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zulm\u00fcn d\u00fczeyini soyk\u0131r\u0131m derecesine y\u00fckseltti.<\/p>\n

Tarihsel bir ironiyi de dile getirmekte fayda var. K\u00fcrtler, \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131nda \u0130ran \u0130slam Devleti\u2019nden yana tav\u0131r tak\u0131n\u0131rken, ABD 1979 \u0130ran \u0130slam Devrimi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ran\u2019a Saddam sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve Saddam\u2019\u0131 her \u015fekilde desteklemi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Halep\u00e7e\u2019de ve bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak Enfal Harekat\u0131 d\u00f6neminde kullan\u0131lan silahlar, ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerden temin edilmi\u015ftir. Bundan hareketle K\u00fcrtleri katleden sadece Saddam olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, Bat\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fcttefikleri de bu soyk\u0131r\u0131m su\u00e7una ortak olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak 2003\u2032te Saddam\u2019\u0131n devrilmesi i\u00e7in YNK ve KDP, ABD\u2019nin birinci dereceden sad\u0131k m\u00fcttefiki olabildiler.<\/p>\n

Arapla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131 ve \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki politik dengeler, b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131\u2019n\u0131n politik dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Soyk\u0131r\u0131m Harekat\u0131: Enfal<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saddam rejimi 1987\u2032den itibaren K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a sistematik bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irdi. K\u00fcrtlerin bulundu\u011fu alanlarda ilan edilen \u2018yasak b\u00f6lgeler\u2019 geni\u015fletildi. Saddam\u2019\u0131n kuzeni olan Ali Hasan El Mecid (K\u00fcrtlerin deyi\u015fiyle Kimyasal Ali ya da Ali Enfal), bir ba\u015fbakan d\u00fczeyinde \u2018\u00f6zel yetkiler\u2019le K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesinden sorumlu k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131, Irak d\u00fczenli ordusunun 1. ve 5. Kolordular\u0131, Emniyet Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Askeri \u0130stihbarat ve bunlar\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan ve \u2018Cah\u015f\u2019 olarak bilinen K\u00fcrt milisler K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6revlendirildi. 1. ve 5. Kolordularla ku\u015fatma hamleleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Bu geli\u015fmelerle birlikte dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u015fekilde 17 Ekim 1987\u2032de ulusal n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131 da yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn bu haz\u0131rl\u0131klar Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019na y\u00f6nelikti. Enfal Harekat\u0131, 8 harekat olarak planlanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalardan olu\u015fan bir soyk\u0131r\u0131m harekat\u0131yd\u0131. N\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131ndan 4 ay sonra, 23 \u015eubat 1988\u2032de planlanan Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n birincisi ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lk sald\u0131r\u0131lar 23 \u015eubat gecesi Sergel\u00ee ve Bergel\u00ee\u2019ye yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131 da bu Birinci Enfal Harekat\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. 16 Mart g\u00fcn\u00fc Irak Hava Kuvvetleri\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar, r\u00fczgar y\u00f6n\u00fcne do\u011fru kimyasal gazlar b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve burada bir\u00e7ok hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Ka\u00e7abilenler \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na ve da\u011flara do\u011fru gittiler, ancak ya\u015fam \u015fanslar\u0131 pek olmad\u0131, \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu yolda ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n

Birinci Enfal\u2019den 25 A\u011fustos-6 Eyl\u00fcl 1988 tarihleri aras\u0131nda Behdinan b\u00f6lgesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Sekizinci Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019na kadar sistematik katliam politikas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu tarihler aras\u0131nda katledilen insan say\u0131s\u0131 182 bin olarak biliniyor. Milyonlarca insan ise yaraland\u0131, yerinden yurdundan oldu, kamplarda a\u00e7l\u0131k ve bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla \u00f6l\u00fcme terk edildi.<\/p>\n

Enfal\u2019de Nazi soyk\u0131r\u0131m plan\u0131 esas al\u0131nd\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enfal Harekat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda uygulanan soyk\u0131r\u0131m plan\u0131, Nazilerin Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok benzerlik arz ediyor. Raul Hilberg\u2019in de\u015fifre etti\u011fi Nazi soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 projesinin \u2018da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir grubu imha etme\u2019 y\u00f6ntemi Saddam rejimi taraf\u0131ndan kusursuzca uyguland\u0131. Nazi soyk\u0131r\u0131m plan\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6nce bir grup, yani kurbanlar tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131, ondan sonra da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir araya getirilmeli, yani toplanmal\u0131, son olarak da ortadan kald\u0131rma i\u015flemi uygulanmal\u0131. Saddam rejimi de, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6nce kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlad\u0131 (ne kadar olduklar\u0131n\u0131, nerelerde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131, e\u011filimlerinin ne oldu\u011fu vb). Bu b\u00f6lgelerin tamam\u0131 zaten \u2018yasak b\u00f6lgeler\u2019 ilan edilerek zaten hedef haline getirilmi\u015fti. Sonra ise daha \u00e7ok k\u0131rsal kesimde k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan K\u00fcrtlerin toplanmas\u0131 i\u015flemi hayata ge\u00e7irildi. \u00c7ocuk, kad\u0131n, ya\u015fl\u0131 demeden on binlerce insan kamplara getirildi. Daha sonra ise sistematik bir \u015fekilde bu insanlar toplu mezarlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerlere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve infaz edilerek cesetlerinin \u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcld\u00fc. Kamplarda tutulanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ise bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131ktan ve a\u00e7l\u0131ktan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi.<\/p>\n

Enfal Kur\u2019an\u2019da ne anlama geliyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enfal kelimesi Arap\u00e7a\u2019da Ganimet anlam\u0131na geliyor ve ayn\u0131 zamanda Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019in 8\u2032inci s\u00fcresinin ad\u0131d\u0131r. Saddam\u2019\u0131n K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131n\u0131n 8 a\u015famadan olu\u015fmas\u0131 bu a\u00e7\u0131dan dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Enfal Suresi, Bedir Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda elde edilen ganimetin payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve sava\u015fa ili\u015fkin hat\u0131rlatmalar \u00fczerine vahyedilmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgin\u00e7 olan ise, \u00fclkesini \u0130slami kurallara g\u00f6re y\u00f6netti\u011fini iddia eden Saddam\u2019\u0131n yine M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan K\u00fcrtleri, Kur\u2019an\u2019daki bir surenin ismini verdi\u011fi bir harekatla soyk\u0131r\u0131ma tabi tutmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu politika, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u0130slami oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcren \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan uygulan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u2018Araplar\u0131n k\u00f6kenlerinin\u2019 arand\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde K\u00fcrtler tarihten silinmek istendi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019nda toplanan on binlerce K\u00fcrt, \u00f6nce kamplara daha sonra ise toplu mezarlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerlere g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp kur\u015funa diziliyordu. Saddam\u2019\u0131n 2003\u2032te devrilmesinden sonra Irak\u2019ta K\u00fcrtlere ve \u015eiilere ait \u00e7ok say\u0131da toplu mezar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak hala on binlerce insanan g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulundu\u011fu toplu mezarlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bilinmiyor. \u2018Irak\u2019ta Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u2013 K\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019 kitab\u0131nda Enfal\u2019de katledilen K\u00fcrtlerin g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc baz\u0131 toplu mezarlar hakk\u0131nda \u015fu bilgi veriliyor: \u2018\u00dc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck toplu mezar\u0131n yeri kurtulanlar\u0131n tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan biri, F\u0131rat\u2019\u0131n kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda, Ramadi kentine yak\u0131n ve \u0130ran-Irak sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ilk a\u015famalar\u0131nda zorla yerlerinden edilen \u0130ranl\u0131 K\u00fcrtlerin yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi bir kompleksin biti\u015fi\u011findedir. Bir di\u011feri Musul\u2019un g\u00fcneyinde bir arkeolojik kent olan El Hadhar (Hatra) yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ise Samawa kasabas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u00f6ldedir. Hemrin Da\u011f\u0131\u2019nda en az iki toplu mezar\u0131n daha bulundu\u011funa inan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan biri Kerk\u00fck ile Tikrit aras\u0131nda, di\u011feri ise Tuzxurmatu\u2019nun bat\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r.\u2019 Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla K\u00fcrtlerin g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc bulundu\u011fu toplu mezarlar, K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesi ile Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki m\u0131nt\u0131kada ve \u00f6zellikle de \u00e7\u00f6l b\u00f6lgelerinde se\u00e7ilmi\u015f. Bu durum K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6l\u00fclerine bile sahip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n istenmedi\u011fi sonucunu g\u00f6steriyor. Bu arada burada ilgin\u00e7 bir ironiyi de aktarmakta fayda var. B\u00fcy\u00fck toplu mezarlardan birisinin bulundu\u011fu El Hadhar arkeolojik kenti Musul\u2019un yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 km g\u00fcneyinde yer al\u0131yor. Saddam H\u00fcseyin bu kentte \u00f6zellikle arkeolojik kaz\u0131lar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f ve bunun i\u00e7in y\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda maddi kaynak aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Saddam, burada elde edece\u011fi bulgularla \u2018Arap ulusunun kadim k\u00f6kenleri\u2019 hakk\u0131ndaki iddialar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Saddam\u2019\u0131n \u2018Araplar\u0131n kadim k\u00f6kenlerinin\u2019 kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kaz\u0131 yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 arkeolojik b\u00f6lge, Enfal Harekat\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Arapla\u015ft\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131n kurban\u0131 olan K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in toplu mezar alan\u0131 olarak se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

\u2018Kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n\u2019 ak\u0131betini sormaya bile korktular<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enfal Harekat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda binlerce insan al\u0131narak kamplara, oradan da \u00f6l\u00fcme g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7ok az yak\u0131n\u0131 hayatta kalabildi. Ancak uzun s\u00fcre Irak ordusu taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131p ya\u015fayamad\u0131klar\u0131ndan haberleri olamad\u0131. Hayatta kalanlar yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 uzun s\u00fcre arad\u0131lar, ancak hi\u00e7bir sonu\u00e7 elde edemediler. \u2018Irak\u2019ta Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u2013 K\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019 kitab\u0131nda yer verilen Nuri\u2019nin hikayesi \u00e7ok \u015feyi anlamak i\u00e7in yeterli: K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Zap vadisindeki yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131lan Celamort k\u00f6y\u00fcnden Nuri ad\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a ya\u015fl\u0131 bir adam kay\u0131p olan o\u011flunu, gelinini ve iki ya\u015f\u0131ndaki torununu ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere \u00c7em\u00e7emal Kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na gitti. Yetkililer, onlar\u0131n isimlerini kaydederek, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra gelmesini istediler. Gitti\u011finde kaymakaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu konuda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler. Asl\u0131nda g\u00f6revli Nuri\u2019ye, \u015funu s\u00f6yledi: \u2018Ben senin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bile yapamam. Sen sordun ama ben sormaya bile korkuyorum.\u2019<\/p>\n

Saddam\u2019\u0131n bir de \u2018istisnalar\u0131\u2019 vard\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Saddam H\u00fcseyin, Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sekizincisini, 6 Eyl\u00fcl 1988\u2032de ilan etti\u011fi bir afla bitirdi. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda Enfal Harekat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bitti\u011finin de ilan\u0131yd\u0131. Affa kadar 182 bin insan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015fti. Bunlardan geriye kad\u0131n, \u00e7ocuk ve ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu genel af kapsam\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131lar. Fakat Enfal erkeklerinin hi\u00e7biri (yani eli silah tutabilen b\u00fct\u00fcn erkeklerin) serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmad\u0131. Serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lan kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ise kamplarda bak\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6ld\u00fc, \u2018yasak b\u00f6lgelere\u2019 giri\u015fe hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde izin verilmedi, bu d\u00f6nemden sonra ayr\u0131ca y\u00fczlerce infaz ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Genel aftan sonra ya\u015fanan b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olaylar, yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan, \u2018aff\u0131n istisnalar\u0131\u2019 olarak de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>\n

Katliam\u0131n bitmeyen izleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u00fcleymaniye \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Fuat Baban, 7 Aral\u0131k 2002 tarihli \u2018The Sydney Morning Herald\u2019 gazetesindeki makalesinde, Halep\u00e7e\u2019de \u00f6z\u00fcrl\u00fc do\u011fum oran\u0131n\u0131n Hiro\u015fima ve Nagasaki\u2019nin 4-5 kat\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Hala y\u00fcksek oranda g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6z\u00fcrl\u00fc do\u011fum oran\u0131, katliam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir g\u00f6stergesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kimyasal silahlarla yap\u0131lan katliamlar, yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmazlar, tahribatlar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcre boyunca devam eder.<\/p>\n

KDP ve YNK protesto edilmi\u015fti<\/strong><\/p>\n

KDP ve YNK\u2019nin Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131\u2019ndan sonra halka kar\u015f\u0131 sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 ne kadar yerine getirdi\u011fi hep tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olmu\u015ftur. Ancak bir olay, asl\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6steriyor. 2006\u2032da, Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 18. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan anma t\u00f6renine kat\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 bin ki\u015fi, KDP ve YNK\u2019yi protesto g\u00f6sterisi d\u00fczenlemi\u015fti. Protestocular, K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesel h\u00fck\u00fcmetini, Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131\u2019ndan kurtulanlar i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan yabanc\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7almakla ve despotluk yapmakla su\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. KDP ve YNK g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin sert m\u00fcdahalede bulundu\u011fu protesto g\u00f6sterisinde en az bir ki\u015fi ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

NUR\u0130 FIRAT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yararlan\u0131lan Kaynaklar: Human Right Watch, Middle East Watch, Irak\u2019ta Soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u2013 K\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131, Aram Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Saddam H\u00fcseyin rejimi ile K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131ndaki politik gerilimin tarih\u00e7esi uzun s\u00fcre \u00f6nceye dayan\u0131r. Irak devlet olarak daha kurulmadan \u00f6nceden ba\u015flayan ve asl\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze de\u011fin s\u00fcren bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma hali s\u00f6z konusudur. Diktatoryal bir y\u00f6netim anla\u015f\u0131yla Irak\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6neten Saddam H\u00fcseyin d\u00f6neminde ise politik gerilim, tarihe ge\u00e7ecek kadar kanl\u0131 olaylara sahne oldu. Saddam H\u00fcseyin rejimi K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 Arapla\u015ft\u0131rma […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4343","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel-tarih"},"yoast_head":"\nK\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131 | Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131 - Nuri F\u0131rat - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/03\/15\/kurtlere-karsi-enfal-harekati-halepce-katliami-nuri-firat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00fcrtlere Kar\u015f\u0131 Enfal Harekat\u0131 | Halep\u00e7e Katliam\u0131 - Nuri F\u0131rat\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Saddam H\u00fcseyin rejimi ile K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131ndaki politik gerilimin tarih\u00e7esi uzun s\u00fcre \u00f6nceye dayan\u0131r. 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