Ge\u00e7en hafta Euripides (M.\u00d6. 480- M.\u00d6.406) \u2019in Bakhalar oyunuyla ilgili bir ele\u015ftiri kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k; bu hafta ise Euripides\u2019i tan\u0131yal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\u201cAntik Yunan tragedyas\u0131n\u0131n en tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 yazar\u0131 olan Euripides, ayn\u0131 anda hem ilk \u201cmodern\u201d yazar, hem tragedya sanat\u0131n\u0131n mezar kaz\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, hem de Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yazar\u0131 olarak\u201d( Beliz G\u00fc\u00e7bilmez, \u0130roni ve Dram Sanat\u0131, Deniz Kitabevi, s.46)\u00a0 tan\u0131mlanan ozan, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131, karma\u015fan\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir toplumsal durumda Tragedya ozanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu belirsizliklerle dolu ac\u0131mas\u0131z ortamda Euripides alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden mitolojik bir d\u00fcnyadan, insanlar\u0131n, bireyin, kad\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i, canl\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131 Euripides\u2019in tragedya tarz\u0131 gelenek k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir. Onun hakk\u0131nda hem kendi \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131 hem de Nietzsche gibi modern d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler bir \u00e7ok olumsuz yarg\u0131da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle ele\u015ftiri konusu kendinden \u00f6nceki ozanlar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi tragedya konular\u0131 se\u00e7erken \u00f6zenli davranmay\u0131p kutsal tragedya sanat\u0131na uygun olmayan konular\u0131 i\u015flemi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cPhedra\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcvey o\u011flu i\u00e7in duydu\u011fu a\u015fk\u0131, Medea\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesi ve Pasiphae\u2019nin bir bo\u011faya olan tutkusunu i\u015flemesi\u201d (Oscar Brocket, Tiyatro Tarihi ,Dost yay. s.31) ve s\u0131k s\u0131k karakterlerin Tanr\u0131sal adaleti sorgulamalar\u0131 gibi noktalar\u0131 sorun olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda oyun olas\u0131l\u0131k ve zorunluluk yasas\u0131na bir \u00e7ok noktada uymayan olay \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fin deux ex machine kullan\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle zay\u0131f bir ozan olarak ifade edilmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n
Bu olumsuz ele\u015ftirilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Euripides oyunlar\u0131 pek \u00e7ok noktada farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fcst\u00fcn y\u00f6nleri de mevcuttur. Olumlanabilecek \u00f6zelliklerinin kayna\u011f\u0131 onda var olan ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i boyuttur. Kendi bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemin dinsel olandan kopyama ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi vard\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n
Onun \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda kendini g\u00f6steren en \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt\u00fcrel farkl\u0131l\u0131k felsefenin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde sesini duyurmas\u0131yd\u0131. Nas\u0131l ki tragedya mitosun a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ysa, felsefede tragedyay\u0131 s\u00f6ylemiyle a\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Belki de Euripides\u2019in filozoflarla kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkiler (ki onun , Anagsagoras, Protogoras ve Sokrates gibi filozoflarla arkada\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131)\u00a0 onun oyunlar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedeniydi. Felsefenin getirdi\u011fi \u201cbireyci e\u011filimle geli\u015fen ku\u015fkuculuk onda yarat\u0131c\u0131 yola y\u00f6nelmi\u015ftir. (\u00d6zdemir Nutku,\u00a0 D\u00fcnya Tiyatro Tarihi-1, s.39) <\/p>\n
Var olan\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi kabul edip korumaktan ziyade ele\u015ftirel bir tutum almas\u0131 onu ayr\u0131ks\u0131 bir yazar k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Onun oyunlar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011fun da a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan traji- komedya onu di\u011fer ozanlardan \u00e7ok daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i k\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. <\/p>\n
Euripides g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze en fazla oyunu kalan tragedya ozan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Elimizde bulunan on sekiz oyunu \u015funlard\u0131r: Alkestis, Medea, Hippolytos, Heraklis\u2019in \u00c7ocuklar\u0131, Andromak, Hekabe, Herakles, Yalvaran K\u0131zlar, \u0130on, Troyal\u0131 Kad\u0131nlar, Elektra, \u0130phigenia Tauris\u2019te, Helena, Fenikeli Kad\u0131nlar, Orestes, Bakkhalar, \u0130phigenia Auilis\u2019te, Kikloplar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ge\u00e7en hafta Euripides (M.\u00d6. 480- M.\u00d6.406) \u2019in Bakhalar oyunuyla ilgili bir ele\u015ftiri kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k; bu hafta ise Euripides\u2019i tan\u0131yal\u0131m. \u201cAntik Yunan tragedyas\u0131n\u0131n en tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 yazar\u0131 olan Euripides, ayn\u0131 anda hem ilk \u201cmodern\u201d yazar, hem tragedya sanat\u0131n\u0131n mezar kaz\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, hem de Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yazar\u0131 olarak\u201d( Beliz G\u00fc\u00e7bilmez, \u0130roni ve Dram Sanat\u0131, Deniz Kitabevi, s.46)\u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[140],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4504","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-erkan-kucuk-makale"},"yoast_head":"\n