{"id":4607,"date":"2010-06-01T10:51:02","date_gmt":"2010-06-01T07:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/06\/01\/filistin-sorununa-marksist-yaklam-zeynep-guene\/"},"modified":"2010-06-01T10:51:02","modified_gmt":"2010-06-01T07:51:02","slug":"filistin-sorununa-marksist-yaklam-zeynep-guene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/06\/01\/filistin-sorununa-marksist-yaklam-zeynep-guene\/","title":{"rendered":"Filistin Sorununa Marksist Yakla\u015f\u0131m | Zeynep G\u00fcne\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ortado\u011fu haritas\u0131na bakan bir kimse cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlarla birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmadan edemez. Cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar yapayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n timsali gibi dururlar. Bu muntazam \u00e7izgiler ger\u00e7ekte n\u00fcfusu 200 milyonu a\u015fm\u0131\u015f tek bir b\u00fcy\u00fck ulusu olu\u015fturan Arap halk\u0131n\u0131n canl\u0131 bedenine at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kesikleri temsil etmektedirler. Bug\u00fcn bu \u00e7izgilerle Arap ulusu yirmiden fazla devlete b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f haldedir. Bu manzara s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci sistemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcrecinde emperyalistlerin geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 mirasa dair klasik bir hikayenin belki de en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 resmini sunmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeciler hem sistemlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken hem de sistemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcrecinde hep eski ve emin bir taktik olan b\u00f6l-y\u00f6net takti\u011fini izlediler. \u00d6zellikle s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fin ger\u00e7ek temsilcisi olan Britanya bu takti\u011fi tarihte e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rafine bir taktik haline getirdi. Ayn\u0131 kanl\u0131 tablo, \u0130rlanda\u2019da kuzey-g\u00fcney b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinde, Hint alt k\u0131tas\u0131nda Hindistan-Pakistan b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinde, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta T\u00fcrk-Rum b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinde ve daha nice \u00f6rnekte Britanya s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan sistematik bi\u00e7imde tekrarland\u0131. Bu b\u00f6l-y\u00f6net takti\u011fiyle s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeciler ezilen halklar\u0131 birbirine k\u0131rd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman etmi\u015f ve takatsiz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Filistin sorunu olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda duran sorun, emperyalistlerin Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, halklar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek canl\u0131 bedenlerine uymayan yapay bir bi\u00e7imde \u015fekillendirmesinin sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sorunlar yuma\u011f\u0131n\u0131n son ve can al\u0131c\u0131 halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Filistin sorununa sa\u011flam bir perspektifle yakla\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in bu tarihsel boyutun iyi anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur. \u00d6te yandan Filistin sorunu daha karma\u015f\u0131k ba\u015fka boyutlar da i\u00e7ermektedir. Yukar\u0131da belirtti\u011fimiz Arap ulusunun b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sorununun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, sorunun bir kolu ezilen bir halk olarak Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n hakl\u0131 kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi boyutuna, bir di\u011fer kolu da \u00e7ok k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tarihsel sorun olan Yahudi sorunu boyutuna a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu karma\u015f\u0131k boyutlar Filistin sorununun Filistin\u2019in kendisiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir sorun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00fcpheye yer b\u0131rakmayacak bi\u00e7imde ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n

Sorunun bu denli karma\u015f\u0131k olmas\u0131, hem onun te\u015fhisi hem de \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan birbirinden son derece farkl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mlar b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda ciddi yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar ve eksiklikler bar\u0131nd\u0131ran yakla\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Burjuva ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck-burjuva bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla geli\u015ftirilen te\u015fhis, tahlil ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri temelde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fs\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu soruna ancak Marksizmin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla ger\u00e7ek ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m geli\u015ftirilebilir. Ba\u015fta ezilen Filistin halk\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun ezilen emek\u00e7i kitlelerinin ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na uygun bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn nas\u0131l olaca\u011f\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 enternasyonalizmini bayrak edinen ger\u00e7ek Marksistler ve s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Tarihsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n evrensel miras\u0131na \u00e7ok \u015fey katm\u0131\u015f olan yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn bu \u00f6nemli co\u011frafyas\u0131, kapitalist d\u00fcnya sistemine kar\u015f\u0131 evrensel m\u00fccadelemizin \u00f6nemli bir cephesini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail zulm\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 dinmeyen direni\u015fi tam da sorunun yukar\u0131da anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok boyutlulu\u011fu nedeniyle sadece \u0130srailli egemenleri de\u011fil t\u00fcm i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i Arap rejimlerini tedirgin ediyor. Bu b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u015f\u00fcphesiz b\u00fcy\u00fck emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7leri de rahats\u0131z ediyor. Bu soruna bir an \u00f6nce, g\u00f6stermelik de olsa bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 o nedenle hi\u00e7 g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor. \u015eimdilerde de ABD emperyalizminin masaya koyup dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ad\u0131na \u201cYol Haritas\u0131\u201d denen s\u00f6zde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm form\u00fcl\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yay\u0131z. Bu durum Filistin sorunu ve genelde Ortado\u011fu sorununa y\u00f6nelik Marksist bir perspektifi ortaya koymay\u0131 daha da \u00f6nemli hale getiriyor.<\/p>\n

Sorunun ger\u00e7ek niteli\u011fini ve boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 kavrayabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle tarihsel k\u00f6klerinin ne oldu\u011funu, hangi evrelerden ge\u00e7erek bug\u00fcne geldi\u011fini anlamam\u0131z gerekiyor. Bu nedenle \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015f s\u00fcrecine kadar geriye uzanmak ve bu devletin nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu, \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131yla ele almak do\u011fru bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.
Siyonizm ve \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fu<\/p>\n

\u00c7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde pek \u00e7ok bask\u0131ya u\u011frayan ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerden g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131lan Yahudiler, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011fine gelindi\u011finde Fransa, \u0130ngiltere, Amerika gibi \u00fclkelerde topluma entegre olmu\u015flard\u0131. Fakat burjuva demokratik devrimlerini hen\u00fcz tamamlamam\u0131\u015f olan Do\u011fu Avrupa ve Rusya gibi \u00fclkelerde ise a\u011f\u0131r bask\u0131lara maruz kal\u0131yorlard\u0131. Siyonizmin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 da burjuva devrimlerin y\u00fckseli\u015fte oldu\u011fu bu d\u00f6neme denk d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 toplumlarda \u00f6zellikle ticaretteki rolleriyle \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan Yahudi burjuvazisi, asl\u0131nda Siyonizm ile ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir burjuva devlet ideolojisine kavu\u015fuyordu. Yahudilerin binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6nce s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olduklar\u0131 \u201cvaat edilmi\u015f topraklar\u201da geri d\u00f6nmeleri ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya Yahudilerinin tek bir devlet alt\u0131nda birle\u015fmeleri fikri olan Siyonizm, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta az say\u0131da yanda\u015f bulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin artmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan giderek daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ideoloji haline geldi.<\/p>\n

Avusturyal\u0131 bir Yahudi gazeteci olan Theodor Herzl, Yahudi devleti fikrinin babas\u0131 olarak bilinir. Herzl, 1896\u2019da yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yahudi Devleti adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, Yahudilerin kurtulu\u015funun ancak bir Yahudi devleti kurmalar\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu fikrini ortaya atm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cY\u00fcce Sultan bize Filistin\u2019i verdi\u011fi takdirde biz de buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin mali i\u015flerini yoluna koyma g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenebiliriz. Orada barbarlara kar\u015f\u0131 ileri karakol rol\u00fc oynayacak bir uygarl\u0131k kurmal\u0131y\u0131z\u201d diyordu Herzl, Osmanl\u0131 Sultan\u0131na seslenerek.<\/p>\n

1897\u2019de \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de toplanan ilk Siyonist kongrede, Filistin topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir Yahudi devleti kurma ve b\u00fct\u00fcn Yahudileri oraya toplama karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. Bu s\u0131rada Filistin topraklar\u0131nda 24 bin Yahudi ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. 1904\u2019te Filistin\u2019e Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7leri h\u0131zla artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 1917\u2019ye gelindi\u011finde bu say\u0131 56 bine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Araplar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 650 bin civar\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1914\u2019te Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n patlak vermesiyle, \u0130ngiltere, Osmanl\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 kendisini desteklemeleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Filistin de dahil Arap topraklar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00f6z\u00fc verdi. Fakat 1916\u2019da Fransa ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda imzalanan Sykes-Picot anla\u015fmalar\u0131, Arap topraklar\u0131n\u0131n bu iki emperyalist \u00fclke aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011fl\u0131yordu. Bu anla\u015fmalara g\u00f6re Filistin, bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutsal yerler nedeniyle \u00f6zel bir stat\u00fcye t\u00e2bi tutularak uluslararas\u0131 bir rejimle y\u00f6netilecekti. B\u00f6ylece Filistin\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k tan\u0131nm\u0131yor, Filistin yaln\u0131zca bir Arap topra\u011f\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131yordu. Bu anla\u015fmalarda herhangi bir Yahudi devletinin kurulmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

Ne var ki \u0130ngiliz D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Lord Balfour\u2019un ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan 1917 tarihli Balfour Deklerasyonuyla, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Filistin\u2019de bir Yahudi devletinin kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcst\u00fcn bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yordu. B\u00f6ylece \u0130ngiltere, b\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 u\u011fruna hem Araplara hem de Yahudilere mavi boncuk da\u011f\u0131t\u0131yor, gerekti\u011finde Araplar\u0131 Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmaktan \u00e7ekinmiyordu.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda yenik d\u00fc\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan Filistin \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin egemenli\u011fine girdi. 1922\u2019de Milletler Cemiyeti Filistin i\u00e7in \u201cmanda\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc benimseyen bir karar \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ger\u00e7ekte bu karar, Filistin\u2019in Yahudi vatan\u0131 olmas\u0131 lehineydi. Fakat Osmanl\u0131 egemenli\u011findeyken Filistin\u2019de Yahudi devleti kurulmas\u0131na s\u0131cak bakan \u0130ngiltere, bu topraklar kendi egemenli\u011fine ge\u00e7ti\u011finde tam tersi bir tutum tak\u0131nd\u0131. 1921\u2019de ve 1929\u2019da Filistin\u2019de k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan Yahudi kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 ayaklanmalarda 200\u2019e yak\u0131n Yahudi ve 150\u2019yi a\u015fk\u0131n Arap \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130ngiltere bu bahaneyle, Yahudilerin Filistin\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 etmelerine ve buradan toprak almalar\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131r getirdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netiminin bask\u0131lar\u0131na ve her \u015feye ra\u011fmen devam eden toprak kay\u0131plar\u0131na daha fazla tahamm\u00fcl edemeyen Filistinliler, 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir ayaklanmayla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verdiler. Y\u00fckseltilen talepler \u015funlard\u0131: Filistinlilerin y\u00f6netiminde demokratik bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet, Siyonist yerle\u015fimlerin durdurulmas\u0131, Siyonistlerin toprak al\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fclerin elde silah da\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, kom\u015fu Arap \u00fclkelerinden Arap milliyet\u00e7ilerinin m\u00fccadeleye kat\u0131lmak \u00fczere Filistin\u2019e geldi\u011fi bu ilk \u0130ntifada, ayn\u0131 zamanda genel grev silah\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve vergi \u00f6dememe karar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir eylemdi. \u00dc\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek bu \u0130ntifada\u2019ya \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin tepkisi \u00e7ok sert oldu; 3000 il\u00e2 6000 aras\u0131nda Arap katledildi, evleri yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, bildik taktiklerine ba\u015fvurdu ve silahl\u0131 bir Yahudi polis g\u00fcc\u00fc olu\u015fturarak bunu \u0130ntifada\u2019y\u0131 bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131. B\u00f6ylece Yahudilerle Araplar iyice birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oluyordu. Fakat ayaklanman\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hi\u00e7 de kolay olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ayaklanmay\u0131 kontrol edemez hale gelen \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 1939\u2019da Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlayan ve on y\u0131l i\u00e7inde Filistin\u2019e ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k \u00f6neren bir rapor yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Bu rapora g\u00f6re Yahudilerin toprak almalar\u0131 yasaklanacak, be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 75 bin Yahudi g\u00f6\u00e7men daha gelebilecek ve ard\u0131ndan kap\u0131lar kapat\u0131lacakt\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u0130ngiliz emperyalizmi, kendisine ba\u011fl\u0131 bir Arap kukla devletinin yolunu a\u00e7mak istiyordu. Bu tampon devlet sayesinde, Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun kontrol\u00fc garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak ve S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131n (ki bu s\u0131rada \u0130ngilizlerin askeri kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131ndayd\u0131) korunmas\u0131 sa\u011flanacakt\u0131. Rapor Milletler Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmesine ra\u011fmen, araya giren \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015fluk nedeniyle \u0130ngiltere 1947\u2019ye dek bildi\u011fini okudu.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde Nazilerin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yahudi soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 nedeniyle, Avrupa\u2019da 6 milyon Yahudi \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocuk, ihtiyar gen\u00e7 demeden katledilmi\u015f, sa\u011f kalanlarsa toplama kamplar\u0131nda en a\u011f\u0131r ko\u015fullarda \u00f6l\u00fcme mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015flerdi. Avrupa\u2019dan ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Yahudilere di\u011fer devletlerin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 muamele ise tam bir insanl\u0131k dram\u0131yd\u0131. Limanlar g\u00f6\u00e7men gemilerine kapat\u0131l\u0131yor, insanlar g\u00f6z g\u00f6re g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00fcme itiliyordu.<\/p>\n

Yahudilere kar\u015f\u0131 izlenen ve anti-Semitizmde (Yahudi d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) somutla\u015fan b\u00fct\u00fcn bu tutumlar, tek kurtulu\u015fun Siyonizme sar\u0131lmak oldu\u011fu yolundaki inanc\u0131 Yahudiler aras\u0131nda giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lendirdi. 1945\u2019te radikal Siyonist gruplar Filistin\u2019de \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele ba\u015flatt\u0131lar. Sonunda \u0130ngilizler sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlere ba\u015fvurmak zorunda kald\u0131lar. Bu tarihte Filistin\u2019de Yahudi n\u00fcfus 600 bine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu say\u0131 toplam n\u00fcfusun \u00fc\u00e7te birini olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

1947\u2019de Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 bir y\u00f6netimle idare edilmesi ve \u00fclkenin Araplar ve Yahudiler aras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir tavsiye karar\u0131 ald\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re n\u00fcfusun %70\u2019ini olu\u015fturan ve topraklar\u0131n %92\u2019sine sahip olan Araplara \u00fclkenin %47\u2019si verilecekti. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in bu karar\u0131 33 lehte, 13 aleyhte ve 10 \u00e7ekimser oyla kabul edildi. \u0130ngiltere \u00e7ekimser kal\u0131rken, SSCB lehte oy vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu karar do\u011frultusunda 14 May\u0131s 1948\u2019de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u0130srail Devleti ilan edildi. Karar\u0131 kabul etmeyen Araplar, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin de te\u015fvik etmesiyle silahlanarak Yahudilere sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131lar. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin plan\u0131, \u00e7\u0131kacak Arap-Yahudi sava\u015f\u0131 sonucunda \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin arabuluculu\u011funun kabul edilmek zorunda kalaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi. \u0130ngiltere Filistin\u2019deki g\u00fc\u00e7lerini \u00e7ekmeden \u00f6nce kara s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece \u00e7evredeki Arap \u00fclkelerinden Filistin\u2019e insan ve silah akmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Ne var ki aralar\u0131nda Suriye, Irak, \u00dcrd\u00fcn, L\u00fcbnan ve M\u0131s\u0131r ordular\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu Arap kuvvetleri yenilgiye u\u011frad\u0131lar ve \u0130srail devletinin daha geni\u015f topraklar \u00fczerinde, daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu d\u00f6\u015femi\u015f oldular.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda 700 bin Arap Filistin topraklar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7t\u0131 ya da s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Kalanlar topraklar\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Arap devletleri \u0130srail\u2019i tan\u0131may\u0131 reddettiler. \u0130zleyen y\u0131llarda, benzer \u015fekilde, Fas, Cezayir, Tunus gibi M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Arap \u00fclkelerinden de 600 bin civar\u0131nda Yahudi \u0130srail\u2019e s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ya da gitmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015flarda \u0130srail\u2019i desteklemeyen ABD ve \u0130ngiltere, b\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 gere\u011fince rota de\u011fi\u015ftirerek, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra \u0130srail\u2019e tam destek verdiler. ABD\u2019nin amac\u0131 b\u00f6lgedeki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zay\u0131flayan \u0130ngiliz emperyalizminin yerini kapmakt\u0131. \u0130ngiltere ise, her biri di\u011ferinden istikrars\u0131z olan Arap devletleri yerine \u0130srail\u2019i desteklemenin daha garantili olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail devletini ilk tan\u0131yan \u00fclkelerden biri olan SSCB, \u0130srail devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ngiliz emperyalizminin b\u00f6lgede zay\u0131flamas\u0131n\u0131n bir ifadesi olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve bu nedenle \u0130srail\u2019in olu\u015fumunu desteklemi\u015fti. SSCB, \u0130srail-Arap sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00c7ekoslovakya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Yahudilere silah deste\u011finde bulunmu\u015ftu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Filistin davas\u0131n\u0131 sonuna kadar destekledi\u011fi san\u0131lan SSCB\u2019nin tutumu, soruna i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil Sovyet b\u00fcrokrasisinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yakla\u015fan oport\u00fcnist bir tutumdu.
\u0130srail: Yahudi burjuvazisinin zorla zapt edilmi\u015f \u201cvatan\u201d\u0131<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce Siyonizm, Yahudiler aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle orta ve b\u00fcy\u00fck burjuvaziden destek g\u00f6ren yal\u0131t\u0131k bir hareketti. Filistin\u2019deki Yahudi i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda dahi, kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 ortak m\u00fccadele anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir temele sahipti. Yahudi burjuvazisine, sermayesini g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fctecek bir vatan sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan Siyonizm a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlike, \u00e7ok say\u0131da Yahudi i\u015f\u00e7inin sosyalist harekete kat\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle Yahudilerin bulunduklar\u0131 toplumlara asimile olmalar\u0131yd\u0131. Bu nedenle Siyonistler, Yahudi i\u015f\u00e7ileri kendi davalar\u0131na kazanabilmek i\u00e7in, Siyonizmi e\u015fitlik ve sosyalizm ya\u011f\u0131na bulad\u0131lar ve i\u015f\u00e7ileri kendi yanlar\u0131na \u00e7ekme yolunu tuttular. Stalinizmin t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7i hareketine damgas\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131\u011f\u0131, SSCB\u2019nin emperyalist devletlerle a\u00e7\u0131k bir i\u015fbirli\u011fine gitti\u011fi, enternasyonalizmin yerini her yerde milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fe b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z politikas\u0131n\u0131n yerini s\u0131n\u0131f i\u015fbirli\u011finin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde izlenen bu y\u00f6ntem, \u00e7ok da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu. Unutulmamal\u0131 ki, bu d\u00f6nemde Naziler bile iktidara gelirken sosyalizm s\u00f6ylemini kullanm\u0131\u015flar ve kendilerine Nasyonal Sosyalistler (Milliyet\u00e7i Sosyalistler) demeyi uygun g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdi. Ekim Devriminin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etki h\u00e2l\u00e2 o derece g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyd\u00fc ki, en fa\u015fistinden en \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm milliyet\u00e7i burjuva hareketler, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir taban edinebilmek i\u00e7in sosyalizm s\u00f6ylemini kullanmak zorunda kal\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Nazilerin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m nedeniyle milyonlarca Yahudinin \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc esnada, Siyonist \u00f6rg\u00fctler, ABD ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da g\u00f6\u00e7men yasalar\u0131n\u0131n zul\u00fcmden ka\u00e7an Yahudilerin giri\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bu \u00fclkelerin parlamentolar\u0131ndaki Yahudiler yasalar aleyhinde oy kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ama\u00e7, \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc h\u0131zland\u0131rmak ve Siyonizmin g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131. Yine ayn\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki fa\u015fist y\u00f6netimlerle anla\u015f\u0131p, az say\u0131da se\u00e7kin Yahudinin \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcz binlerce insan\u0131n gaz odalar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmesine sessiz kal\u0131yordu. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar ve hastalar\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e gitmeleri istenmiyor, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve gen\u00e7 Yahudilerle \u0130srail\u2019de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u0131rk yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 planlan\u0131yordu. Bu do\u011frultuda, Hitler\u2019in ari \u0131rk projesine g\u0131ptayla bak\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Gelece\u011fin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 \u0130zak \u015eamir, 11 Ocak 1941\u2019de, Ulusal Askeri \u00d6rg\u00fct[1] (UA\u00d6) ile Nazi h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aras\u0131nda \u015fu askeri anla\u015fman\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyordu:<\/p>\n

Yahudi kitlelerin Avrupa\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 Yahudi sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nko\u015fuldur; ancak bunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi bu kitlelerin Yahudi halk\u0131n\u0131n anavatan\u0131 olan Filistin\u2019e yerle\u015ftirilmesine ve tarihi s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde bir Yahudi devleti kurulmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

UA\u00d6, Alman Reich\u2019\u0131 ile onun yetkililerinin Almanya\u2019daki Siyonist faaliyetler ile Siyonist g\u00f6\u00e7 planlar\u0131 konusundaki iyi niyetlerinin bilincinde olarak \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere sahiptir:<\/p>\n

1- Alman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine uygun olarak Avrupa\u2019da kurulacak Yeni D\u00fczen ile, UA\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cisimle\u015fen Yahudi ulusal hedefleri aras\u0131nda ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

2- Yeni Almanya ile \u0130brani \u00e2lemi aras\u0131nda bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

3- Ulusal ve totaliter temelde tarihi bir Yahudi devletinin Alman Reich\u2019\u0131yla yap\u0131lacak bir antla\u015fma \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kurulmas\u0131 gelecekte Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Alman \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden yola \u00e7\u0131kan UA\u00d6, \u0130srail \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketinin yukarda belirtilen ulusal hedeflerinin Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla, sava\u015fta Almanya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131nda aktif olarak yer almay\u0131 teklif eder.[2]<\/p>\n

Katledilen bir halk\u0131n burjuvalar\u0131, bu katliamda, katliamc\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda saf tutuyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her ikisinin de dini iman\u0131 parayd\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 birle\u015ftiren \u015fey, ayn\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n evl\u00e2d\u0131 olu\u015flar\u0131yd\u0131. Bu tutum sadece Nazilerin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yahudi soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda de\u011fil, tarihte Yahudilere y\u00f6nelen t\u00fcm a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama, d\u0131\u015flama ve eziyetlerde de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde tekrarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yahudi egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n tutumu buyken, Yahudi proletaryas\u0131 ve ayd\u0131nlar\u0131, sosyalizm ve kom\u00fcnizm davas\u0131na say\u0131s\u0131z evlad\u0131n\u0131 adam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ba\u015fta Marx, Rosa ve Tro\u00e7ki olmak \u00fczere binlerce kom\u00fcnist, Yahudi sorununun da s\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 toplumun di\u011fer t\u00fcm sorunlar\u0131 gibi insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu u\u011fruna verilecek m\u00fccadeleyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fcler ve ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 kom\u00fcnizm davas\u0131na adad\u0131lar. Ayn\u0131 \u015fey bug\u00fcn de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Nihayetinde, devlet kurma amac\u0131na ula\u015fan Yahudi burjuvazisi, kendisine tan\u0131nan s\u0131n\u0131rlarla yetinecek de\u011fildi. BM kararlar\u0131na g\u00f6re Yahudiler ve Araplar aras\u0131nda ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnen Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131, daha devletin kurulma a\u015famas\u0131nda silah zoruyla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Hedef, Filistin topraklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 Yahudi \u00fclkesi haline getirmekti. Bununla da yetinilmeyip kom\u015fu Arap \u00fclkeleri olan \u00dcrd\u00fcn, L\u00fcbnan, Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n topraklar\u0131na da g\u00f6z dikilmi\u015fti. Nitekim \u0130srail devleti bu hedefe ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in, y\u0131llar s\u00fcren sava\u015flarla b\u00f6lgeyi yak\u0131p y\u0131kmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyecekti. 1955\u2019te ikinci kez h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurma g\u00f6revini alan Ben Gurion, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu: \u201cG\u00fcneye do\u011fru yay\u0131lmak i\u00e7in her \u015feyi yapmak kayd\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmeti kurmay\u0131 kabul ediyorum.\u201d<\/p>\n

Daha \u0130srail devleti kurulmadan ba\u015flayan ve sonras\u0131nda sistematik bi\u00e7imde devam eden sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n tek bir amac\u0131 vard\u0131: Filistinli Araplar\u0131 bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6r y\u00f6ntemleriyle korkutup ka\u00e7\u0131rmak, bu ba\u015far\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde de fiziksel imha yoluna ba\u015fvurmak ve sonu\u00e7ta onlar\u0131n topraklar\u0131na el koymak. Bu do\u011frultuda pek \u00e7ok katliam ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Arap k\u00f6yleri ve kasabalar\u0131 yerle bir edildi. 1948\u2019den \u00f6nce Arap k\u00f6ylerinin say\u0131s\u0131 475 iken, bu say\u0131 1988\u2019e gelindi\u011finde 90\u2019a inmi\u015f ve her birinin \u00fczerinde \u0130branice isimlerle yeni yerle\u015fimler y\u00fckselmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail devleti t\u00fcm\u00fcyle dinle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 temelinde in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Yahudi bir anadan do\u011fmayanlar Yahudi kabul edilmezler. \u0130srail devleti s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, toprakla ancak ana soyundan \u00fc\u00e7 ku\u015fakt\u0131r Yahudi oldu\u011fu kan\u0131tlananlar u\u011fra\u015fabilir. Bu, Araplar\u0131n toprak sahibi olamamalar\u0131 ve tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi de dahil olmak \u00fczere hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde toprakla ilgilenememeleri anlam\u0131na gelmektedir (\u015f\u00fcphesiz ucuz i\u015f\u00e7ilik nedeniyle Yahudi burjuvazisi bu yasay\u0131 s\u00fcrekli delmektedir ve sermayenin kanunlar\u0131 bask\u0131n gelmektedir.)<\/p>\n

\u0130srail Genel Kurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Rafael Eytan\u2019\u0131n 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda s\u00f6yledikleri, ait oldu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi \u00f6zetliyor:<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a il\u00e2n ediyoruz ki Araplar\u0131n Eretz [B\u00fcy\u00fck] \u0130srail\u2019in bir santimetrekaresini dahi i\u015fgal etme haklar\u0131 yoktur. Siz iyi y\u00fcrekli, yumu\u015fak huylu insanlar, \u015funu bilin ki, Adolf Hitler\u2019in gaz odalar\u0131 bile birer cennet saray\u0131d\u0131r\u2026 Zor tek yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ve tek anlayacaklar\u0131 \u015feydir. \u00d6yleyse biz de Filistinliler d\u00f6rt ayaklar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde s\u00fcr\u00fcne s\u00fcr\u00fcne bize gelinceye kadar zorun en \u015fiddetlisini uygulamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011fiz.[3]<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekten de elli y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir Filistinliler \u00fczerinde, \u015fimdiye dek geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f en ince i\u015fkence tekniklerinden tutun da en kaba y\u0131ld\u0131rma ve korkutma mekanizmalar\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Filistinlilere y\u00f6nelik i\u015fkencenin su\u00e7tan bile say\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130srail devleti, tam anlam\u0131yla ter\u00f6rist bir devlettir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n neresinde bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketi varsa, \u0130srail gizli servisleri Amerikan gizli servisleriyle birlikte bu hareketi bo\u011fmak \u00fczere oradad\u0131r. En gerici hareketler ak\u0131l almaz bir para ve silah yard\u0131m\u0131yla desteklenir. \u0130srail ve Filistin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131, i\u015fte g\u00fcc\u00fc niceli\u011fiyle orant\u0131s\u0131z olan bu burjuvazidir.
Filistin Kurtulu\u015f \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (FK\u00d6)<\/p>\n

Kom\u015fu Arap \u00fclkelerini s\u00fcrekli tehdit eden \u0130srail, 1956\u2019da, \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa ile birlikte M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a sald\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ngilizlerin as\u0131l amac\u0131, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131\u2019n\u0131 millile\u015ftiren ve geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 millile\u015ftirmelere giri\u015fen M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 \u0130srail\u2019i de kullanarak dize getirmekti. ABD\u2019nin bask\u0131lar\u0131na dayanamayan \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015famadan geri \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kald\u0131lar. Bu olay, M\u0131s\u0131r ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Nas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n prestijinin muazzam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artmas\u0131n\u0131 ve Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dcrd\u00fcn, Suriye, L\u00fcbnan, M\u0131s\u0131r, Katar, Kuveyt ve Irak\u2019tan olu\u015fan Arap devletleri, 1964\u2019te toplanan Arap Konferans\u0131nda \u201cFilistin halk\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir kimlik i\u00e7inde \u00f6rg\u00fctleme\u201d karar\u0131 ald\u0131lar ve bu do\u011frultuda FK\u00d6\u2019y\u00fc kurdular. FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ise, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019de Arap birli\u011fi genel sekreter yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve Suudi Arabistan s\u00fcrekli temsilcisi olan Ahmet \u015eukayri\u2019yi getirdiler. \u015eukayri 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda da Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019e Suriye delegesi olarak atanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn as\u0131l kurulma amac\u0131, \u0130srail\u2019in sald\u0131rgan politikalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fckselmeye ba\u015flayan halk hareketini denetim alt\u0131nda tutmakt\u0131. FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn askeri kanad\u0131 olan Filistin Kurtulu\u015f Ordusu, t\u00fcm\u00fcyle Arap devletlerinin ordular\u0131nda g\u00f6revli Filistinli askerlerden olu\u015fuyordu ve Filistin halk\u0131na hareket serbestisi tan\u0131nm\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan Filistin\u2019in kurtulu\u015funun ancak silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc temelinde ve Yaser Arafat \u00f6nderli\u011finde, 1958\u2019de, Kuveyt\u2019te, El Fetih \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kurulmu\u015ftu. Bu \u00f6rg\u00fct 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk silahl\u0131 eylemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f ve bu tarihten sonra otoritesi iyice artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1967 Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131nda Araplar\u0131n yenilmesi \u00fczerine, kurulu\u015fundan beri FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcten \u015eukayri istifa etti. 1968 Kas\u0131m\u0131nda aralar\u0131nda El Fetih\u2019in de bulundu\u011fu pek \u00e7ok gerilla grubu FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn meclisi niteli\u011finde olan Filistin Ulusal Konseyine girdiler ve Yaser Arafat FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na getirildi. Bu tarihten sonra FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn politikas\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve daha m\u00fccadeleci bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
1967\u2019den \u201cOslo bar\u0131\u015f\u0131na\u201d<\/p>\n

1967\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u0130srail-Arap sava\u015f\u0131, 1000 \u0130sraillinin ve 18 bin Arab\u0131n \u00f6lmesiyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130srail alt\u0131 g\u00fcn s\u00fcren bu sava\u015fta Bat\u0131 \u015eeria, Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs, Gazze, Sina ve Suriye\u2019ye ait olan Golan Tepelerini i\u015fgal etti. Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da ya\u015fayan 200 binden fazla Arap, \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

1978\u2019de M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019la ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda \u0130srail 1982\u2019de Sina\u2019dan \u00e7ekildi. Fakat hemen ard\u0131ndan Haziranda L\u00fcbnan\u2019a sald\u0131rarak Beyrut\u2019u i\u015fgal etti. 3 Eyl\u00fclde L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 H\u0131ristiyan fa\u015fist Falanjlar, \u0130srail\u2019le i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparak, Beyrut\u2019taki Sabra ve \u015eatilla kamplar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131lar ve \u00e7ocuk, kad\u0131n, ya\u015fl\u0131 demeden 3000 Filistinliyi katlettiler. Bu s\u0131rada \u0130srail birlikleri kamp\u0131n etraf\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatarak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 engelliyor ve katliam\u0131 izliyordu. \u00c7ok uzun ve kanl\u0131 ge\u00e7en L\u00fcbnan-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131 sonucunda, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn Sabra ve \u015eatilla kamplar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131p L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n kuzeyine ve Tunus\u2019a \u00e7ekilmeyi kabul etmesiyle \u0130srail Beyrut\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, fakat g\u00fcney L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda tutmaya devam etti.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin Savunma Bakan\u0131 \u015earon, bu katliam\u0131 L\u00fcbnanl\u0131 Falanj lideriyle birlikte tasarlam\u0131\u015f ve \u0130srail\u2019de yarg\u0131lan\u0131p su\u00e7lu bulunmu\u015ftur. Buna ra\u011fmen kasap \u015earon \u015fu anda \u0130srail ba\u015fbakan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Filistinliler 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Gazze ve Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f topraklarda yeni bir \u0130ntifada ba\u015flatt\u0131lar. Bu, 1930\u2019lardaki ayaklanman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen ikinci \u0130ntifada\u2019yd\u0131. \u00d6zellikle gen\u00e7lerin ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ntifada\u2019da, en \u00f6nemli olgu, \u0130srail topraklar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Araplar\u0131n grevlere gitmeleri oldu. Bu kitlesel grevler nedeniyle sanayi ve tar\u0131m ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilendi. B\u00f6ylece s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin y\u00f6ntemlerine ba\u015fvuruluyordu ve \u0130srail devletini as\u0131l korkutan da buydu.
\u0130lan edilip kurulamayan Filistin devleti<\/p>\n

Arafat\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa se\u00e7ildi\u011fi FK\u00d6, 1969 y\u0131l\u0131nda, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131, H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 ve Yahudileri kapsayan tek bir \u201claik demokratik cumhuriyet\u201d program\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015fti. 1988\u2019e gelindi\u011finde ise FK\u00d6 \u201ciki devlet\u201d politikas\u0131n\u0131 benimseyerek, Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze\u2019yi kapsayan bir \u201cmini devlet\u201d ilan etti. Buna g\u00f6re Do\u011fu Kud\u00fcs ba\u015fkent, Arafat devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Bunu izleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te ABD arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130srail ile ba\u015flayan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler, 1993\u2019te Oslo\u2019da bir \u201cbar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re FK\u00d6 \u0130srail\u2019i tan\u0131yacak, sald\u0131r\u0131lara son verecek, \u0130srail de Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019n\u0131n ve Gazze\u2019nin bir kesimini i\u00e7ine alan \u201cmini devlet\u201di kabul edecekti. Filistin Y\u00f6netimi ad\u0131 verilen bu devletin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Arafat olacakt\u0131. Bu \u00f6yle bir devletti ki, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ada ada olu\u015fturulan yerle\u015fim yerleri aras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm ba\u011flant\u0131lar \u0130srail askerlerince kontrol ediliyor ve ge\u00e7i\u015fler izne t\u00e2bi tutuluyordu. \u0130nsan ve mal dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olanaks\u0131z hale getiriliyordu. Yine de pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fiye Filistin\u2019deki ulusal sorun sanki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcyormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, Filistin Y\u00f6netimi eli kolu ba\u011fl\u0131, varolan silahl\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kendi halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmaktan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey yapmayan bir s\u00f6zde devletten \u00f6teye ge\u00e7emedi. \u0130srail Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze\u2019deki kendi sivil yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgelerini ve askeri \u00fcs say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaya devam etti ve 6 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00e7ekilece\u011fini vaat etti\u011fi topraklar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca %22\u2019sinden geri \u00e7ekildi. Katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc, s\u0131k s\u0131k Filistin y\u00f6netimini ya da onun \u00f6nderli\u011fini tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti. B\u00f6ylece Oslo s\u00fcreci tam bir kand\u0131rmaca s\u00fcreci olarak ya\u015fand\u0131. Nihayet 28 Eyl\u00fcl 2000\u2019de yeni bir \u0130ntifada patlak verdi.<\/p>\n

O zamandan bu yana 3000 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi bu kanl\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda Amerika\u2019n\u0131n bilmem ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 \u201cuzla\u015ft\u0131rma\u201d harek\u00e2t\u0131yla \u201cyeni\u201d bir evreye girmi\u015f bulunuyor. ABD, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ve Rusya taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan ve ad\u0131na \u201cYol Haritas\u0131\u201d denen bir plan, 30 Nisan 2003\u2019te \u0130srail ve Filistin taraflar\u0131na iletildi ve hemen ard\u0131ndan taraflarca May\u0131s ba\u015f\u0131nda imzaland\u0131. Bu \u201cYol Haritas\u0131\u201d, 2003\u2019te, \u0130srail\u2019in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u0130ntifada\u2019dan (28 Eyl\u00fcl 2000) bu yana i\u015fgal etti\u011fi topraklardan \u00e7ekilmesini, Filistin b\u00f6lgelerine 2001 Mart\u0131ndan bu yana yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerle\u015fimleri bo\u015faltmas\u0131n\u0131, ge\u00e7ici s\u0131n\u0131rlarla bir Filistin devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Ancak bu devletin ne s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tam olarak belli, ne de sorunun bug\u00fcne dek uzamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an anla\u015fmazl\u0131k maddelerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fine dair en ufak bir de\u011finme s\u00f6z konusu. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesi, 2005\u2019te yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ve yerle\u015fimleri, g\u00f6\u00e7menleri, Kud\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn durumunu ve Filistin devletinin kal\u0131c\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0130srail-L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130srail-Suriye aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 netle\u015ftirece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenen bir anla\u015fmaya b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Bu plan do\u011frultusunda, ter\u00f6re destek verdi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle Arafat\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerden \u00e7ekilmesi sa\u011fland\u0131 ve yerine daha kolay idare edilebilir bir kukla ba\u015fbakan olan Mahmut Abbas ge\u00e7irildi. Plan\u0131n ilk ko\u015fulu, her zamanki gibi, Filistin Y\u00f6netiminin \u201cter\u00f6r\u201de ve \u015fiddete son vermesi. \u0130srail\u2019in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcnden ise tek kelime s\u00f6z edilmiyor. \u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, bu i\u00e7erikte bir antla\u015fmay\u0131 dahi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir taviz olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp hi\u00e7 de s\u0131cak bakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, ABD\u2019nin bask\u0131lar\u0131yla imzalamak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmettekilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sa\u011f, o ya da bu \u015fekilde bir Filistin devletinin kurulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve Bat\u0131 \u015eeria ve Gazze\u2019nin etnik olarak temizlenip \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130srail\u201de dahil edilmesinden yanad\u0131r. \u015earon h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin turizm bakan\u0131 Benny Elon, bu \u201cyol haritas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n i\u015flemeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek, \u0130srail topraklar\u0131ndaki Filistinlilerin zorla \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019e g\u00f6nderilmelerini ve orada bir Filistin devleti ilan edilmesini i\u00e7eren yeni bir \u201charita\u201d \u00f6nermi\u015ftir. Elon, Filistin Y\u00f6netimini \u201cen tehlikeli rejimlerden biri\u201d olarak de\u011ferlendirmekte ve t\u0131pk\u0131 Saddam y\u00f6netimi gibi y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Emperyalistlerin \u00e7izdi\u011fi bu \u201cYol Haritas\u0131\u201d, daha imzalar at\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce \u0130srail\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katliamlarla Filistin\u2019in sokulmak istendi\u011fi yolun ger\u00e7ekte ne oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130srail, 1 May\u0131sta Gazze\u2019de 12 ki\u015fiyi katletmi\u015f, bir ay sonra, ikinci \u0130ntifada\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihten bu yana g\u00f6r\u00fclen en y\u00fcksek haftal\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131lan bir ba\u015fka sald\u0131r\u0131 sonucunda 60 ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u015fiddet ortam\u0131, radikal dinci \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin de durumdan yararlanarak g\u00fc\u00e7 toplamalar\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Daha m\u00fccadeleci bir tutum tak\u0131nm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen Hamas ve \u0130slami Cihad gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin as\u0131l kayg\u0131lar\u0131, ABD ve \u0130srail taraf\u0131ndan muhatap al\u0131nmakt\u0131r. Bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn askeri eylemlerini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 70\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131na denk d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu FK\u00d6 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri finanse eden \u0130srail, ABD\u2019nin Afganistan\u2019da SSCB\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 Usame bin Ladin\u2019i besleyip g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme politikas\u0131n\u0131, bu t\u00fcr \u00f6rg\u00fctler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Filistin\u2019de uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dikkat \u00e7ekilmesi gereken bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli nokta ise El Fetih\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 askeri yap\u0131lar ve Hamas gibi dinci \u00f6rg\u00fctler taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen intihar sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130srail\u2019in cani politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ve uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 azg\u0131n devlet ter\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu eylemler, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir umutsuzluk ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fs\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7inde bulunan, yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130srail sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde kaybetmi\u015f olan fedak\u00e2r gen\u00e7lere intikam yolu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Do\u011fru politikalardan ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fckten yoksunluk, sorunun i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6ntemleriyle ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadelesiyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn gen\u00e7lerin g\u00fcndemine hi\u00e7 girememesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131fsal de\u011fil bireysel eylemlerde aranmaktad\u0131r. Filistinli i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7iler Marksist bir \u00f6nderlikten yoksun olduk\u00e7a, bu t\u00fcr \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin ve y\u00f6ntemlerin g\u00fc\u00e7 toplamas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu eylemlerin \u0130srail i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etki ise i\u015fin di\u011fer bir \u00f6nemli boyutunu olu\u015fturuyor. Askeri hedeflerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p daha \u00e7ok s\u0131radan halk\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da gitti\u011fi yerlerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu eylemler, Filistinlilere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6fkeyi, kini, g\u00fcvensizli\u011fi ve korkuyu beslemektedir. \u0130srail\u2019de de Marksist bir \u00f6nderli\u011fin bulunmay\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u0130srail emek\u00e7ilerinin bu tip olumsuz tepkilerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilmesini engelliyor. B\u00f6ylece her iki ulusun emek\u00e7i kitleleri aras\u0131ndaki nefret duygular\u0131 s\u00fcrekli t\u0131rmand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Yani bu t\u00fcr eylemler bir yerde \u0130srail burjuvazisinin kollad\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0131rsatlara zorlanmadan ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor ve son tahlilde onun elinin g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine hizmet ediyor.
Ulusal kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi anti-emperyalizm demek de\u011fildir<\/p>\n

FK\u00d6, Hamas ve \u0130slami Cihad t\u00fcr\u00fcnden \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin verdikleri m\u00fccadelenin anti-emperyalist m\u00fccadele olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi konusuna da de\u011finmek zorunday\u0131z. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin s\u0131n\u0131fsal do\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n proleter olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftik. Radikal g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerine ra\u011fmen t\u00fcm bu \u00f6rg\u00fctler son tahlilde Filistin burjuvazisinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n temsilcisidirler. Tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7i, k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve emek\u00e7i k\u00f6keni onlar\u0131n bu karakterini de\u011fi\u015ftirmez. S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve ufuklar\u0131 bellidir: ulusal kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu t\u00fcr \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin, m\u00fccadelecili\u011fi, devrimcili\u011fi ya da uzla\u015fmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hep bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar dahilinde de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Daha radikal ya da m\u00fccadeleci olmalar\u0131, burjuva \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi a\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Ulusal kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesi veren \u00f6rg\u00fctlere, sahip olmad\u0131klar\u0131 bir nitelik y\u00fcklenmesi ve bunlar\u0131n sosyalist ya da kom\u00fcnist olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi son derece yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcr de\u011ferlendirmeler, s\u00f6z konusu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin bu niteliklere sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu kez tersinden, ihanetle su\u00e7lanmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Oysa bu t\u00fcr ulusal \u00f6rg\u00fctler, m\u00fccadeleyi dar ulusal s\u0131n\u0131rlara hapsetmekle kendi ama\u00e7lar\u0131na de\u011fil, olsa olsa onlarda sosyalizmi g\u00f6rmek isteyenlerin hayallerine ihanet etmi\u015f oluyorlar.<\/p>\n

FK\u00d6, SSCB\u2019nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir d\u00fcnyada, ondan da ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 destekle, sosyalistler aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yan\u0131lsamaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve ger\u00e7ek s\u0131n\u0131fsal do\u011fas\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilerek neredeyse sosyalist say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Arafat uzun bir d\u00f6nem boyunca sol i\u00e7inde de kahraman haline getirilmi\u015fti. Ne var ki SSCB\u2019nin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcrecine girmesiyle, bu \u00f6nderlik de ABD ve \u0130srail ile uzla\u015fma zeminine girdi. Sa\u011fda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olan Hamas ve \u0130slami Cihad gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinse, gerici Arap rejimlerinden tutun da bir d\u00f6nem \u0130srail ve ABD\u2019ye var\u0131ncaya kadar emperyalist kamptan ald\u0131klar\u0131 destek su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmezdir. \u0130\u00e7inde \u015fu ya da bu oranda sosyalizan unsurlar bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bir cephe \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn program\u0131 genel \u00e7izgi itibariyle kapitalizmle b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uyumludur. Kendilerini t\u00fcm\u00fcyle sistem i\u00e7i hedeflerle s\u0131n\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f olan, m\u00fccadelelerini ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kapitalist bir Filistin devleti do\u011frultusunda veren bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin, anti-kapitalist, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da anti-emperyalist bir m\u00fccadele verdiklerinden s\u00f6z edilemez. Bu yan\u0131lsamay\u0131 do\u011furan ba\u015fl\u0131ca etken, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn ilk etapta ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir burjuva demokratik devleti hedefleyen bir m\u00fccadele vermesi sonra da sosyalizme ge\u00e7mesini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren a\u015famal\u0131 devrim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 savunan Stalinist g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u201cKom\u00fcnist\u201dlerin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu oldu\u011funda, soldan destek bulmaya ve SSCB\u2019den yard\u0131m almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sosyalizmle bula\u015f\u0131k olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi hi\u00e7 de tuhaf de\u011fildi. Tuhafl\u0131k, bu yan\u0131lsamaya neden olan a\u015famal\u0131 devrim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ta kendisindeydi.<\/p>\n

Lenin\u2019in emperyalizm \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemesini \u00e7arp\u0131tarak karikat\u00fcrle\u015ftiren ve bu temelde bir anti-emperyalizm anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftiren Stalinist Komintern \u00f6nderli\u011fi, 1929\u2019da, Filistin\u2019de Yahudilere y\u00f6nelik \u015foven sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 (ki i\u015fin i\u00e7inde \u0130ngilizlerin parma\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131) anti-emperyalist ayaklanma olarak de\u011ferlendiriyordu. \u00dcstelik bu s\u0131rada Araplar \u201c\u0130ngilizler bizimle\u201d slogan\u0131n\u0131 atmaktayd\u0131lar!<\/p>\n

Ne var ki, FK\u00d6 gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlere ili\u015fkin bu yanl\u0131\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131m bir kez yayg\u0131nl\u0131k kazan\u0131nca, teorik temelleri sorgulanmaks\u0131z\u0131n, sadece a\u015famal\u0131 devrim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 savunanlarca de\u011fil, kendisine Tro\u00e7kist diyenlere kadar neredeyse t\u00fcm sol taraf\u0131ndan da savunulur hale gelebilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen m\u00fccadeleyi anti-emperyalist bir m\u00fccadele olarak g\u00f6renler Stalinistlerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir politik yelpazeye da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anti-kapitalist olmayan bu t\u00fcr \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin anti-emperyalist olarak de\u011ferlendirilmeleri ve bunun sonucunda onlara ko\u015fulsuz destek sunulmas\u0131, s\u00f6z konusu topraklardaki i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bilincini buland\u0131r\u0131p, kurtulu\u015f yolunu bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin pe\u015finde aramas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Yine bu anlay\u0131\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini sekteye u\u011fratarak, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn bu t\u00fcr cepheler i\u00e7inde eritilmesine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Devrim, milliyet\u00e7ilerin \u00f6nderli\u011fine b\u0131rak\u0131larak burjuva s\u0131n\u0131rlara hapsedilmekte, b\u00f6ylece i\u015f\u00e7i devriminin kanl\u0131 tasfiyesine giden yol elbirli\u011fiyle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.
Filistin\u2019de ulusal sorun nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/p>\n

Filistin\u2019de ulusal sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, belli ba\u015fl\u0131 iki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u015fekilde sivrilmi\u015f ve kutupla\u015fmalar esas olarak bu iki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u00e7evresinde \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir.[4] Bunlardan ilki, FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn de 1988\u2019e kadar savunageldi\u011fi \u201claik, demokratik tek bir cumhuriyet\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, ikincisi ise yine FK\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn s\u00f6z konusu tarihten sonra savunmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u201ciki ulus iki devlet\u201d \u015feklinde \u00f6zetlenebilecek olan iki ayr\u0131 devlet g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u201cLaik, demokratik tek bir cumhuriyet\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc savunanlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak \u00f6nerdikleri \u015fey, Yahudilerin Filistinlilerle e\u015fit haklara sahip dinsel bir az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak ya\u015fayacaklar\u0131 bir Filistin devletidir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, i\u015fgallerin 1967\u2019den bu yana olanlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, 1948\u2019de Yahudilere ayr\u0131lan b\u00f6lgelerin de Filistinlilerden zorla al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 olgusundan hareket etmekte ve \u0130srail devletini me\u015fru bir devlet olarak g\u00f6rmemektedir. \u0130srail\u2019in emperyalizm taraf\u0131ndan yapay olarak yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir ma\u015fa devlet oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen bu anlay\u0131\u015f, bir zamanlar en u\u00e7 ifadesini \u201cYahudiler denize d\u00f6k\u00fclmelidir\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bulmu\u015ftur. Tek devlet \u00f6nerisi olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, yani \u201claik ve demokratik\u201dlik k\u0131sm\u0131 bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Hamas ve \u0130slami Cihad gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin bug\u00fcn savunduklar\u0131 \u015fey de, \u00f6z\u00fcnde bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u201cYapay devlet\u201d tezine vurgu yapan bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki t\u00fcm Arap rejimlerinin de ger\u00e7ekte emperyalistler taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015f yapay devletler oldu\u011funu unutmu\u015f gibidir. Irak\u2019tan Suriye\u2019ye, L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019e, Kuveyt\u2019ten Suudi Arabistan\u2019a, t\u00fcm bu Arap devletlerinin emperyalistler taraf\u0131ndan masa \u00fczerinde, elde cetvel yarat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131, daha kurulu\u015f a\u015famas\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli husumet noktalar\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131larak hepsinin birbirine d\u00fc\u015fman edildikleri ve sonradan birer ulus haline geldikleri (t\u0131pk\u0131 Yahudilerin \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fuyla birlikte ulusla\u015fmas\u0131 gibi) bilinen bir ger\u00e7ekliktir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sorun yapayl\u0131k sorunu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn b\u00f6lgede 5 milyona yak\u0131n \u0130sraillinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6rmezden gelen hi\u00e7bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, Filistin sorununa adil ve her iki taraf\u0131n emek\u00e7ilerini de ma\u011fdur etmeyen bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6neremez. \u0130srail\u2019de ya\u015fayan Yahudilerin varl\u0131k hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece, kapitalist temellerdeki \u201claik-demokratik bir Filistin cumhuriyeti\u201d yeni ve \u00e7ok daha kanl\u0131 bir i\u00e7 sava\u015f kaderinden kurtulamaz. Yahudilerin dinsel bir az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcne indirgenmesi, Filistinlilerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zebilir ama kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu kez de ayn\u0131 sorunu Yahudiler i\u00e7in yaratmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz hale gelir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zerken simetrik olan bir ba\u015fka sorunu \u00fcretmeye yol a\u00e7an bu anlay\u0131\u015f yaln\u0131zca bir hayal de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ilkesel olarak da kabul edilemeyecek olan bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130srail halk\u0131n\u0131n az\u0131nl\u0131k durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tek bir Filistin devleti yerine, e\u015fit haklara ve kuruculuk stat\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip iki uluslu bir \u201ctek devlet\u201d talebi etraf\u0131nda m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fcten bir ulusal hareket s\u00f6z konusu olsayd\u0131 ve Filistin ve \u0130srail halk\u0131n\u0131n dikkate de\u011fer bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc buna tam destek verseydi, bu durumda bizlere d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6rev, Filistin ulusunun ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131 sonuna kadar savunmak ama ayr\u0131lman\u0131n de\u011fil birli\u011fin propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yapmak olurdu. Oysa mevcut t\u00fcm veriler durumun b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131lar ve travmalar\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 derin izlerin, iradi \u00e7abalarla k\u0131sa vadede a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Uluslar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek birli\u011fine giden yolda bazen ayr\u0131l\u0131k, Lenin\u2019in de belirtti\u011fi gibi en iyi \u00e7aredir. Bu \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda yapay ve zorlama bir birlik propagandas\u0131 faydas\u0131z ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fs\u0131zd\u0131r. Ancak yeri gelmi\u015fken s\u00f6ylemeliyiz ki, bu s\u00f6ylediklerimiz hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde ezilen ulus milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine prim verilmesi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir. Ezilen ulus kom\u00fcnistleri bu somut husustan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak m\u00fccadeleyi daima enternasyonalist bir i\u00e7erikle dolduran, ezen ulus i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ileriyle birlik ve karde\u015fli\u011fi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kartan bir \u00e7izgi tuttururlar. Aynen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130rlandal\u0131 Marksist i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6nderi James Connolly\u2019nin \u0130rlanda\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fta belirtti\u011fimiz ikinci g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ise \u0130srailliler ve Filistinliler i\u00e7in iki ayr\u0131 devleti \u00f6ng\u00f6ren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u015funu belirtmeliyiz ki, Filistin sorunu, \u00f6z\u00fcnde, Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n kendi kaderini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce tayin etmesi, yani ayr\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Filistin devleti kurma hakk\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131 sorunudur. Bug\u00fcn Filistin\u2019deki neredeyse t\u00fcm \u00f6rg\u00fctler ve halk b\u00f6ylesi bir devletin kurulmas\u0131ndan yanad\u0131rlar. Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n iradesinin ayr\u0131 bir devlet kurma do\u011frultusunda \u00e7oktan tecelli etti\u011fini hesaba katt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, ulusal sorununun bu co\u011frafyada ve mevcut ko\u015fullardaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn iki ayr\u0131 devletten ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu devlet kurulup, Filistin halk\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015ftu\u011funda Filistin\u2019de ulusal sorun da \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olacak ve b\u00f6ylece art\u0131k Filistin halk\u0131 \u201cezilen bir ulus\u201d olma stat\u00fcs\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Marksizmin ulusal soruna yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131[5] genel ilkeleri itibariyle Filistin\u2019e uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda durum budur.<\/p>\n

Bu \u201ciki ulus iki devlet\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan ba\u015fka yakla\u015f\u0131mlar da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar, \u0130srail-Filistin sorununun ve t\u00fcm Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki sorunlar\u0131n nihai \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn proleter bir devrim olmaks\u0131z\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011finden hareket eden, fakat Filistin sorununun ulusal boyutunu bir \u015fekilde ihmal ederek ezilen bir ulusun kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131 fiilen d\u0131\u015flayan yakla\u015f\u0131mlard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n temel tezlerinden birisi o co\u011frafyada kurulacak ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Filistin devletinin iktisaden ya\u015fama \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Yani iktisadi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k sorunu de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalacak, Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n temel sorunlar\u0131 mevcudiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecektir. Ancak buradaki temel zaaf, asl\u0131nda, ulusal sorunla s\u0131n\u0131fsal sorunun, siyasal sorunla iktisadi sorunun birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal sorun halledilmedi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ulusal sorunun da halledilemeyece\u011finin san\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6z\u00fcnde \u201culusal sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc kapitalizm alt\u0131nda olanaks\u0131z sosyalizm alt\u0131nda ise gereksizdir\u201d ya da \u201culuslar\u0131n de\u011fil proletaryan\u0131n kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na varan bu anlay\u0131\u015f, niyet ne olursa olsun nihayetinde Lenin\u2019in \u201cemperyalist ekonomizm\u201dle ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi anlay\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ger\u00e7ekte ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir Filistin devletinin iktisadi olarak ya\u015fama \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n olup olmamas\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir sorundur. Zira iktisadi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sorunu \u00f6z\u00fcnde siyasal bir sorun olan ulusal soruna d\u0131\u015fsald\u0131r. Zira Marx\u2019\u0131n daha Manifesto\u2019dan beri anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir i\u015fb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dayanan kapitalizmde, hele hele bu e\u011filimin doru\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 emperyalizm evresinde, iktisadi a\u00e7\u0131dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kapitalist bir \u00fclke gerici bir hayalden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck kapitalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin geli\u015fmesinin ve emperyalizmin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck uluslar\u0131n kendi kaderlerini tayin etme hakk\u0131n\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f haline getirdi\u011fi\u201d iddias\u0131nda bulunanlar\u0131 Lenin, \u201cburjuva toplumda, uluslar\u0131n siyasal kaderlerini kendilerinin tayin etmeleri ve devletlerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunu yerine, bunlar\u0131n iktisadi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorununu koymak\u201dla ele\u015ftiriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u201cEzen \u00fclkelerin i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin enternasyonalist e\u011fitimi, zorunlu olarak, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, ezilen \u00fclkelerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ilkesinin savunulmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir. Yoksa, ortada enternasyonalizm diye bir \u015fey kalmaz. Bu propaganday\u0131 yapmayan ezen bir ulusun sosyal-demokrat\u0131n\u0131, emperyalist ve al\u00e7ak saymak, hakk\u0131m\u0131z ve g\u00f6revimizdir. Sosyalizmin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinden \u00f6nce ayr\u0131lma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n binde-bir olmas\u0131 durumunda bile, bu istem, mutlak bir istemdir\u201d diyen Lenin, ezilen ulus kom\u00fcnisti s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu: \u201cO, enternasyonalist olarak g\u00f6revlerine s\u0131rt \u00e7evirmeden hem kendi ulusunun siyasal ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yana olabilir, hem de ulusunun bir kom\u015fu devlet (x, y, z, vb.) ile birle\u015fmesinden yana olabilir. Ama o, her durumda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ulus darkafal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, kendi i\u00e7ine kapanmaya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131m vermeli, b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc ve geneli g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutmal\u0131, \u00f6zeli genel \u00e7\u0131kara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d[6]<\/p>\n

Ezen ulus kom\u00fcnistleri ayr\u0131lma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u0131srar ederken ezilen ulus kom\u00fcnistlerinin birle\u015fme \u00fczerinde direnmelerini bir \u00e7eli\u015fki olarak g\u00f6renlere Lenin, enternasyonalizme ve uluslar\u0131n birbiriyle kayna\u015fmas\u0131na varabilmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir yolun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Marksistler, tarihsel-toplumsal geli\u015fmenin \u015fu ya da bu \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ulusal sorunlar\u0131 hi\u00e7bir ko\u015fulda ka\u015f\u0131mazlar ve k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmazlar. Ne var ki b\u00f6yle bir sorun apa\u00e7\u0131k ortadayken ve fiili bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fcyorken, bu soruna ilgisiz de kalamazlar. Aksine bizim g\u00f6revimiz b\u00f6yle bir durumda ezilen ulusun ayr\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131 sonuna kadar ve ko\u015fulsuz olarak desteklemektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bizler biliriz ki, ezilen ulus birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 olanaks\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsa, birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 savunmakta \u0131srar etmek (t\u0131pk\u0131 her ne gerek\u00e7eyle ve bi\u00e7imde olursa olsun Filistin\u2019de tek devleti savunanlar gibi), ezilen ulusun i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bilincini zerrece ilerletmeyecek, aksine ulusal sorun daima s\u0131n\u0131fsal sorunun \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecektir.<\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok durumda, insanlar gibi uluslar ve s\u0131n\u0131flar da bir hayalin pe\u015finden gitmekte inat ederler ve ancak ac\u0131 deneyimlerden sonra bunun bir hayal oldu\u011funu anlarlar. Ve yine \u00e7o\u011fu durumda ancak bu sanc\u0131l\u0131 ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden sonra, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 kapatt\u0131klar\u0131 insanlar\u0131n ne s\u00f6ylediklerine daha bir dikkat kesilmeye ba\u015flayabilirler. Marksistler i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fitimi konusunda sab\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131rlar ve dayatma ve zorbal\u0131kla hi\u00e7bir sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyece\u011fini bilirler. Tersine bizler, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n bu e\u011fitimi almas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki fiili engelleri kald\u0131rmakla m\u00fckellefiz.
Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve Bar\u0131\u015f \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler Sava\u015f\u0131rsa Gelecek!<\/p>\n

Filistin\u2019de ulusal sorunun kapsam\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimizi ortaya koyduk. Ne var ki, gerek Filistin sorununun do\u011fu\u015fu ve geli\u015fimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, gerekse de bug\u00fcn geldi\u011fi noktadan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sorunun \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k y\u00f6nler i\u00e7erdi\u011fini de belirtmeliyiz. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce Filistin halk\u0131 geni\u015f Arap halk\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fu anlama geliyor: Filistinli Araplar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorun, bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak b\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fcm Arap halklar\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Arap devletlerini \u00e7ok yak\u0131ndan ilgilendirmektedir. Ger\u00e7ekte Filistin sorununun bu hale gelmesinden, bu Arap devletlerinin egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 da emperyalizm ve Siyonist \u0130srail devleti kadar sorumludurlar. Kendi egemenliklerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek \u00fczere emperyalizme yardak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta s\u0131n\u0131r tan\u0131mayan egemen Arap burjuvazisi, s\u0131ra Filistin\u2019e geldi\u011finde timsah g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 d\u00f6kmenin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7memekte ve kendi egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131ndaki Arap kitlelerinin bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 etkisiz hale getirmeyi temel kayg\u0131 olarak g\u00fctmektedir. Sorunun din unsurunu \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kararak bir M\u00fcsl\u00fcman-Yahudi meselesi olarak sunulmas\u0131n\u0131n ne denli yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Arap burjuvazisinin tutumuna bakmak yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Filistin-\u0130srail co\u011frafyas\u0131nda Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n ezilen bir ulus durumuna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 ve \u0130srail\u2019in ezen bir devlet durumunda olmas\u0131, genel olarak ulusal sorunun patlak verdi\u011fi co\u011frafyalardan \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 bir tarihin sonucudur. Bu t\u00fcr sorunlarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan genel durumun aksine, ezen ulusu olu\u015fturan \u0130srailli Yahudilerin n\u00fcfusu bundan 70 y\u0131l \u00f6nce b\u00f6lgede k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131kken bug\u00fcn neredeyse Filistinli Araplarla ayn\u0131 kalabal\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. N\u00fcfusun bile\u015fiminin katliamlarla, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerle, sava\u015flarla b\u00f6ylesine dramatik bir bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015fmesi, bug\u00fcn bile Filistin halk\u0131 i\u00e7in ac\u0131lar\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 onar\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f derin bir yara anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bug\u00fcn \u0130srail-Filistin topraklar\u0131nda 9,5 milyon insan ya\u015f\u0131yor ve bunlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 milyonu Yahudi. B\u00f6lgedeki \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelere da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Filistinli Araplar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ise 8,5 milyon. Bunlar\u0131n 1,2 milyonu \u0130srail\u2019de, 1,9 milyonu Bat\u0131 \u015eeria\u2019da, 1,2 milyonu Gazze\u2019de, 2 milyonu \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de ya\u015f\u0131yor. Di\u011ferleriyse ba\u015fta L\u00fcbnan, Suriye, Suudi Arabistan olmak \u00fczere d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok yerine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Katledilmi\u015f, da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yerinden ve yurdundan edilmi\u015f, ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f insan muamelesine t\u00e2bi tutulmu\u015f, yoksulluk kaderine terk edilmi\u015f Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n sorunu bu boyutuyla da bir Ortado\u011fu meselesi haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f sorumlusu \u0130ngiliz emperyalizmi ve ard\u0131ndan da ABD emperyalizmidir. Siyonist \u0130srail devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirmesini b\u00f6lgedeki emperyalist \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zorunlu g\u00f6ren emperyalizm, Filistin sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye giri\u015fmek \u015f\u00f6yle dursun, s\u00fcrekli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck \u00fcreterek durumun kangren haline gelmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Amerika-\u0130ngiltere emperyalist \u015fer ittifak\u0131, Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu kendi planlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda yeniden \u015fekillendirmeye soyundu. \u201cTer\u00f6re kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6nce Afganistan\u2019a ard\u0131ndan da Irak\u2019a sald\u0131ran bu en b\u00fcy\u00fck ter\u00f6ristler, \u201cbar\u0131\u015f\u201d ve \u201cdemokrasi\u201d vaadiyle t\u00fcm Ortado\u011fu\u2019yu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u201cFilistin\u201de \u00e7evirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar bile. Tonlarca bombayla y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p i\u015fgal edilen, halk\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131ya maruz kalan ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc insani ihtiya\u00e7tan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lan Irak\u2019tan sonra, s\u0131ra \u015fimdi de Suriye, Suudi Arabistan, \u0130ran ve di\u011ferlerinde.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lge halklar\u0131, y\u0131llard\u0131r despotik diktat\u00f6rl\u00fcklerin zulm\u00fc alt\u0131nda inliyor, gerici egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 u\u011fruna emperyalistlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi halinde y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri sava\u015flarda k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Ortado\u011fu, emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok silah sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerden biridir. Bu topraklardaki petrolse, s\u00f6z konusu g\u00fc\u00e7lerin i\u015ftah\u0131n\u0131 kabartan en b\u00fcy\u00fck fakt\u00f6r. D\u00fcnya kapitalist sistemine entegrasyonunu tam olarak tamamlamam\u0131\u015f petrol zengini \u00fclkeleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bu b\u00f6lge, gerekli yap\u0131sal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi takdirde emperyalistler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pazar da olu\u015fturuyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu fakt\u00f6rler bir araya geldi\u011finde, h\u00e2l\u00e2 i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu derin ekonomik krizi a\u015famam\u0131\u015f emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7ler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, b\u00f6lge kolay kolay terk edilemeyecek bir nimet anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 dili konu\u015fan, ayn\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip olan fakat yapay bir \u015fekilde birbirlerinden ayr\u0131lan Arap halk\u0131; topraklar\u0131 i\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeye \u00e7evrilerek d\u00f6rt \u00fclkeye da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan ve on y\u0131llard\u0131r tarifsiz ac\u0131lar ya\u015fayan K\u00fcrt halk\u0131; dillerinden dinlerinden dolay\u0131 pek \u00e7ok bask\u0131ya maruz kalm\u0131\u015f ve yok say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f S\u00fcryaniler, D\u00fcrziler, Ermeniler, Yahudiler ve b\u00f6lgenin di\u011fer has unsurlar\u0131\u2026 B\u00f6yle geni\u015f bir halklar \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran Ortado\u011fu, gerici kapitalist \u00f6nderliklerin elinde ve emperyalizmin s\u00fcrekli \u00e7omak sokmas\u0131yla ne yaz\u0131k ki ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanl\u0131 ve ac\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fcnleri ge\u00e7mi\u015fte b\u0131rakamayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kapitalizm var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece ne sava\u015flar sona erecek ne de ulusal, etnik, dinsel, mezhepsel kin ve husumetler. Ortado\u011fu gibi emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin cirit att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgede ise bu sorunlarla \u00e7ok daha s\u0131k bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devlete kavu\u015fmas\u0131, 55 y\u0131ld\u0131r tutsak halde ya\u015fayan bir halk\u0131n ulusal sorununu bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6zecek. Ama kapitalizm var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, hele hele de kapitalist Siyonist \u0130srail devleti var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece, Filistin her an yeni i\u015fgallere ve ilhaklara gebe bir ulus-devlet olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrecek.<\/p>\n

Filistin halk\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131r hem i\u015fgali ya\u015f\u0131yor hem de devrimci bir \u00f6nderli\u011fe sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in burjuva \u00f6nderliklerin pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fckleniyor. Filistinli i\u015f\u00e7inin kendi \u00fclkesindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f kaynaklar\u0131 kurumu\u015f durumda, yoksulluk had safhada. Filistin burjuvazisinin siyasal bir stat\u00fc edinmeyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 dar ve bencil burjuva \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n tatmin edilmesinden ibaret bir Filistin devletinin, Filistinli i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin beklentilerine yan\u0131t vermesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00d6zlemlerine kavu\u015fmak Filistinli i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin kendi ellerindedir. Bu yolda onlar\u0131n en temel g\u00f6revi, bu m\u00fccadelenin \u00f6nderli\u011fini kendi kaypak ve uzla\u015fmac\u0131 burjuvalar\u0131n\u0131n elinden almak ve ulusal kurtulu\u015fu toplumsal kurtulu\u015f mecras\u0131na sokmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Burada k\u0131saca da olsa de\u011finilmeden ge\u00e7ilmemesi gereken \u00f6nemli bir nokta ise Filistinli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ger\u00e7ek d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n\u0131n \u0130srail i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 de\u011fil \u0130srail burjuvazisi oldu\u011fudur. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u0130srailli i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in de ger\u00e7ek d\u00fc\u015fman Filistin halk\u0131 de\u011fil \u0130srail burjuvazisidir. Bu nedenle onlar silahlar\u0131n\u0131 Filistinli karde\u015flerine de\u011fil Siyonist \u0130srail burjuvazisine \u00e7evirmeli ve m\u00fccadele bayraklar\u0131na; \u201c\u0130srail\u2019de ve t\u00fcm Ortado\u011fu\u2019da, Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve ayr\u0131 devlet kurma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015fulsuz kabul eden bir i\u015f\u00e7i sovyetleri iktidar\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele\u201d slogan\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemelidirler. Asl\u0131nda b\u00f6lgenin en geli\u015fmi\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan \u0130srail i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, t\u00fcm Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki proleter devrim m\u00fccadelesinde kilit rol oynayacak bir potansiyele sahiptir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla enternasyonalist kom\u00fcnist bir \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u0130srail aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve bu \u00f6nderli\u011fin do\u011fru politikalar izlemesi, Ortado\u011fu devrimlerinin kaderi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da devasa bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm halklar\u0131n ve az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131lma haklar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere b\u00fct\u00fcn demokratik haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc birlik temelinde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir Ortado\u011fu \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve Emek\u00e7i Sovyetleri Federasyonunun kurulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acak bir Ortado\u011fu devrimi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, b\u00f6lgedeki sorunlar yuma\u011f\u0131na kal\u0131c\u0131, ya\u015fayabilir, adil ve demokratik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulmak olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu ise ancak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n enternasyonalist bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck d\u00fczeyinin y\u00fckseltilmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Biz enternasyonalist kom\u00fcnistlere d\u00fc\u015fen g\u00f6rev, b\u00f6yle bir \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc enternasyonal d\u00fczeyde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek ve bu bilinci t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131makt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Her iki halk\u0131n ve t\u00fcm b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zlemlerinden biri olan sava\u015fs\u0131z ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcz bir d\u00fczen, ancak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bunun i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131rsa gelecek!<\/p>\n

Filistin halk\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve ayr\u0131 devlet kurma hakk\u0131!<\/p>\n

Emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7ler Ortado\u011fu\u2019dan d\u0131\u015far\u0131!<\/p>\n

Kahrolsun Siyonist \u0130srail burjuvazisi!<\/p>\n

\u0130srail i\u015fgal etti\u011fi topraklardan defedilsin!<\/p>\n

Filistin\u2019deki Yahudi yerle\u015fimleri bo\u015falt\u0131ls\u0131n!<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm politik mahk\u00fbmlara \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck!<\/p>\n

G\u00f6\u00e7e zorlanan t\u00fcm Filistinlilerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zararlar\u0131n\u0131n tazmini!<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7ilere \u0130srail ve Filistin topraklar\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ve e\u015fit ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, dola\u015f\u0131m ve bar\u0131nma hakk\u0131!<\/p>\n

Sendikalarda ulusal-etnik ayr\u0131mlara son! Ortak \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck, birlikte m\u00fccadele!<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm fa\u015fist ve \u015foven \u00f6rg\u00fctler derhal da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ls\u0131n ve yasaklans\u0131n!<\/p>\n

Filistin Y\u00f6netiminin polisi de\u011fil, silahl\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7i milisleri!<\/p>\n

Bar\u0131\u015f, \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, Karde\u015flik i\u015f\u00e7ilerle gelecek!<\/p>\n

Ortado\u011fu \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve Emek\u00e7i Sovyetleri i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleyi y\u00fckseltelim!<\/p>\n

[1] \u0130rgun olarak da bilinen ve 1937\u2019de kurulan gizli Yahudi \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc. 1943 sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren Menahem Begin y\u00f6netti\u011fi bu \u00f6rg\u00fct, \u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 eylemlerde bulundu ve \u0130srail devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck eylemleri, \u0130ngiliz y\u00f6netiminin merkezi olan King David Otelinin dinamitlenmesi (1946) ve Deyri Yasin adl\u0131 Arap k\u00f6y\u00fcne sald\u0131rarak 250 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesiydi.<\/p>\n

[2] Ralph Schoenman, Siyonizmin Gizli Tarihi, Kardelen Yay., 1992, s. 57-58<\/p>\n

[3] Ralph Schoenman, Siyonizmin Gizli Tarihi, s.34-35<\/p>\n

[4] S\u00f6z konusu \u015fekillenmeler incelendi\u011finde, sorunun ulusal bir sorun oldu\u011fu da dikkate al\u0131narak, Hamas gibi radikal \u0130slamc\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerden Marksist \u00f6rg\u00fctlere dek uzanan \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir yelpazenin, kendi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131mlar getirdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Biz burada, bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara girmeyip, yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc esas alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

[5] Marksistlerin ulusal soruna genel bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Ulusal Sorun \u00dczerine adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda ortaya koymu\u015ftuk. Daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir inceleme i\u00e7in bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131za bak\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

[6] Lenin, Uluslar\u0131n Kaderlerini Tayin Hakk\u0131, s.164<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ortado\u011fu haritas\u0131na bakan bir kimse cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlarla birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmadan edemez. Cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar yapayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n timsali gibi dururlar. Bu muntazam \u00e7izgiler ger\u00e7ekte n\u00fcfusu 200 milyonu a\u015fm\u0131\u015f tek bir b\u00fcy\u00fck ulusu olu\u015fturan Arap halk\u0131n\u0131n canl\u0131 bedenine at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kesikleri temsil etmektedirler. Bug\u00fcn bu \u00e7izgilerle Arap ulusu yirmiden fazla devlete b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f haldedir. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4607","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-dunya"},"yoast_head":"\nFilistin Sorununa Marksist Yakla\u015f\u0131m | Zeynep G\u00fcne\u015f - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/06\/01\/filistin-sorununa-marksist-yaklam-zeynep-guene\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Filistin Sorununa Marksist Yakla\u015f\u0131m | Zeynep G\u00fcne\u015f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ortado\u011fu haritas\u0131na bakan bir kimse cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlarla birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmadan edemez. Cetvelle \u00e7izilmi\u015f bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar yapayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n timsali gibi dururlar. Bu muntazam \u00e7izgiler ger\u00e7ekte n\u00fcfusu 200 milyonu a\u015fm\u0131\u015f tek bir b\u00fcy\u00fck ulusu olu\u015fturan Arap halk\u0131n\u0131n canl\u0131 bedenine at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kesikleri temsil etmektedirler. Bug\u00fcn bu \u00e7izgilerle Arap ulusu yirmiden fazla devlete b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f haldedir. 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