{"id":4745,"date":"2010-10-29T09:42:00","date_gmt":"2010-10-29T06:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2010\/10\/29\/yaratilis-mitleri-evrenin-ortaya-cikisini-ele-alir-yaratilis-efsaneleri\/"},"modified":"2010-10-29T09:42:00","modified_gmt":"2010-10-29T06:42:00","slug":"yaratilis-mitleri-evrenin-ortaya-cikisini-ele-alir-yaratilis-efsaneleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2010\/10\/29\/yaratilis-mitleri-evrenin-ortaya-cikisini-ele-alir-yaratilis-efsaneleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri evrenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r | Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f Efsaneleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mitler,i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 uygarl\u0131k merkezleri esas al\u0131narak birtak\u0131m b\u00f6lgelere ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar.Bir ay\u0131r\u0131m da ana konular\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmad\u0131r.Burada dikkat \u00e7eken bir \u00f6zellik g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Yan\u0131tlar de\u011fi\u015fse bile baz\u0131 ana konular b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri b\u00f6yledir.
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Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri evrenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r.Bu hali ile ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey bulundu\u011fu varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u015fey,bug\u00fcn de adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi bo\u015fluk veya kaos olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.Eski M\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6neminde yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7eren mit,kaosu Nun olarak niteler.B\u00fcy\u00fck ve karanl\u0131k olan Nun,yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00f6ncesi okyanusun i\u00e7inde,yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015ftan \u00f6nceki b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131 ve nesnelerin tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.
Yunan ve M\u0131s\u0131r mitlerinde tanr\u0131n\u0131n biyolojik y\u00f6n\u00fc a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu nedenle tanr\u0131lar d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcmle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yayd\u0131lar.Tanr\u0131lar\u0131n birbirlerinin yerine ge\u00e7mesi hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn mitolojilerin ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fidir.Bu \u00f6zellik,bir b\u00f6lgenin ba\u015fka insanlar taraf\u0131ndan istila edilmesini yans\u0131t\u0131r.Ba\u015fka bir ifade ile,istila sonucu bir b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015fen yeni sahiplerin tanr\u0131lar\u0131,b\u00f6lgedeki eski sahiplerin tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yerini al\u0131r.
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M\u0131s\u0131r tanr\u0131s\u0131 Atum,verdi\u011fi izlenimle erkek olarak alg\u0131lan\u0131r.Ancak konu edildi\u011finde hem erkek hem de di\u015fi olarak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.Atum kendisini yaln\u0131z hissedince bir e\u015f ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 duyar.Masturbasyon yaparak ilk yarat\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fturur.Bunlardan biri havay\u0131 simgeleyen erkek Shu,di\u011feri ise nemi simgeleyen di\u015fi Tefnut\u2019tur.Bir di\u011fer yorum ise Atum\u2019un Shu ile Tefnut\u2019u t\u00fck\u00fcrerek yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feklindedir.Atum,her ikisine de bir \u00e7e\u015fit ruh diyebilece\u011fimiz Ka\u2019y\u0131,yani ya\u015fam \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc vermi\u015ftir.Asl\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olan M\u0131s\u0131r mitlerinde Atum,bo\u015flu\u011fun karanl\u0131k sular\u0131nda ya\u015fayan mitolojik bir y\u0131land\u0131.Bu y\u0131lan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f k\u0131vr\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu.Daha sonraki yorumlarda ise yarat\u0131c\u0131 rol\u00fcn\u00fc firavun faresi al\u0131r.Ama g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcze \u00e7arpan en \u00f6nemli nokta,b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olu\u015fumlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fc ve g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc birbirinden ayr\u0131lmadan ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k yarat\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce karanl\u0131klar i\u00e7inde yeralmas\u0131d\u0131r.
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M\u0131s\u0131r yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f miti,mitoloji ile ilgili iki tane ilkeyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.Bunlardan biri mitolojinin \u00e7e\u015fitli katmanlardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.Nitekim eski ve yeni yorumlar birbirlerine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f haldedirler.Di\u011feri ise de\u011fi\u015fik b\u00f6lgelerin mitlerinde ortak \u00f6geler bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\u0130skandinav mitlerinde ilk canl\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Dev Ymir\u2019dir.Bu Ymir erimekte olan buzlardan do\u011fmu\u015ftur.Beslenmesi Audumulla adl\u0131 bir inek taraf\u0131ndan emzirilmesi ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.Ymir\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra beden k\u0131sm\u0131 yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kara par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131,kan\u0131 denizleri,kafas\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc,kemikleri da\u011flar\u0131 ve sa\u00e7lar\u0131 da a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.Burada mitlerin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerin co\u011frafi \u015fartlar\u0131ndan etkilendi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.Ymir,\u0130skandinavya\u2019da her yerde bol olarak bulunan buzlardan do\u011fmu\u015ftur.
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Hint mitolojisindeki ya\u015fam a\u011fac\u0131 Asvattha\u2019dan \u0130skandinav d\u00fcnya a\u011fac\u0131 Yggdrasil\u2019e kadar a\u011fa\u00e7lar,mitolojide \u00f6nemli rol oynarlar. Yggdrasil\u2019de b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya bir a\u011fa\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6sterilir.Dallar g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne kadar \u00e7\u0131kar.K\u00f6kler yer alt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na iner.
\u0130zanagi ve \u0130zanami karde\u015f olan Japon tanr\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r.G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn y\u00fczen k\u00f6pr\u00fclerinde otururlarken kutsal bir m\u0131zrakla Okyanus\u2019u kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p Onokoro adas\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131rlar.Yery\u00fcz\u00fcne inince \u0130zanagi soldan, \u0130zanami sa\u011fdan ba\u015flay\u0131p aday\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131rlar. \u0130zanami de\u011fi\u015fik cinsiyetleri olmalar\u0131n\u0131n yararlar\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. \u0130zanagi de ayn\u0131 kikirdedir ama kad\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00f6nce fikrini s\u00f6ylemesine k\u0131zm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Gene de iki \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olur.Do\u011fon \u00e7ocuklardan biri s\u00fcl\u00fck,di\u011feri k\u00f6p\u00fck adas\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in reddedilirler.Tanr\u0131lar,bunun sorumlusunun \u0130zanami oldu\u011funa karar verirler.B\u00f6ylece geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp Japon adalar\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131rlar.
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Bir yarat\u0131c\u0131 ve deniz tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan Tangaroa,bir\u00e7ok Polinezya mitinde vard\u0131r.Bu mitlere g\u00f6re Tangaroa,sular\u0131n \u00fczerinde ya\u015farken att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ta\u015fla karalar\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Bir ku\u015f cinsi olan haber ku\u015fu topra\u011fa asma ekmi\u015fti.Ancak bu asma \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc ve bozuldu.Bu bozulan maddede olu\u015fan kurt\u00e7uk y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131ndan kad\u0131n ve erkek ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.
Bir Avustralya mitine g\u00f6re do\u011fu r\u00fczgar\u0131 sabah y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden s\u00fcr\u00fckleyince g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Geceleri g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc incelemek, Avustralya yerlilerine zaman\u0131n sonsuz bir \u00e7evrim oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

YARATILI\u015e M\u0130TLER\u0130<\/p>\n

1) Nors Mitolojisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Geni\u015f omuzlu, adeleli tanr\u0131lar\u0131 ve bal\u0131k etli tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131yla \u0130skandinav ve Germen kavimlerinin eski Nors dini, kesinlikle \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 bir yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f miti. Norse bilimine g\u00f6re D\u00fcnya (Midgard) var olmadan \u00f6nce, ate\u015f k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 kullanan Surt taraf\u0131ndan korunan korla kapl\u0131 Muspell; b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bo\u015fluk olan Ginnunagagap ve buzlarla kapl\u0131 Niflheim vard\u0131. Niflheim\u2019\u0131n so\u011fu\u011fu Muspell\u2019in alevlerine dokundu\u011funda buzlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesiyle dev Ymir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck inek Audhumla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Sonra, inek, tanr\u0131 Bor ve kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yalayarak hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u00c7ift\u2019in Buri adl\u0131 bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu. Buri\u2019nin ise \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu oldu: Odin, Vili ve Ve. O\u011fullar kalk\u0131p Ymir\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ymir\u2019in etinden D\u00fcnya; kemiklerinden da\u011flar; sa\u00e7\u0131ndan a\u011fa\u00e7lar; kan\u0131ndan ise nehir ve denizler yarat\u0131ld\u0131. Ymir\u2019in i\u00e7i oyulmu\u015f kafatas\u0131ndan tanr\u0131lar y\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131 cenneti yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n

2) Perslerin dini, Zoroastrianizm<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pers b\u00f6lgesinin Bundahi\u015fn\u2019i, tanr\u0131 Ahura Mazda taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lan d\u00fcnyay\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Da\u011f Alburz, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne de\u011fene kadar 800 y\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. G\u00f6\u011fe dokundu\u011fu noktadan ya\u011fmur ya\u011fmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca Vouruka\u015fa denizi ve iyi b\u00fcy\u00fck nehir meydana geldi. \u0130lk hayvan olan beyaz bir bo\u011fa Veh Rod nehrinin kenar\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu fakat k\u00f6t\u00fc ruh Angra Mainyu onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bo\u011fan\u0131n spermleri aya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok hayvan ve bitki yarat\u0131ld\u0131. Nehrin di\u011fer k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f gibi parlayan ilk adam Gayomard ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Angra Mainyu onu da \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. G\u00fcne\u015f, spermlerini 40 y\u0131l ar\u0131tt\u0131 ve onlardan revent bitkisi filizlendi. Bu bitki ilk \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fcler Ma\u015fya ve Ma\u015fyanag\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Angra Mainyu, onlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek yerine kendine tapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kand\u0131rd\u0131. 50 y\u0131l sonra ikiz \u00e7ocuk d\u00fcnyaya getirdiler ama g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131n borcu olarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 yediler. Uzun bir zaman sonra yine ikiz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya geldi; onlardan da b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar (\u00f6zellikle de Persler) meydana geldi.<\/p>\n

3) Babil\u2019in nehirlerinin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda<\/strong><\/p>\n

Babil yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f miti Enuma Elish, su tanr\u0131lar\u0131 Apsu ve Tiamat ile ba\u015flar ve daha gen\u00e7 Ea ve erkek karde\u015fleri gibi bir\u00e7ok tanr\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r. Fakat bu gen\u00e7 tanr\u0131lar o kadar \u00e7ok g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc yapar ki Apsu ve Tiamat uyuyamazlar. Apsu onlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrme planlar\u0131 yapar ama Ea h\u0131zl\u0131 davran\u0131p Apsu\u2019yu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Tiamat \u00f6\u00e7 almak i\u00e7in aralar\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n k\u00f6pek ve akrep adam\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok canavar yarat\u0131r. Ea ve tanr\u0131\u00e7a Damkina kendilerini korumas\u0131 i\u00e7in , d\u00f6rt g\u00f6z\u00fc, d\u00f6rt kula\u011f\u0131 olan dev tanr\u0131 Marduk\u2019u yarat\u0131r. Marduk, Tiamat ile d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken r\u00fczgarlar\u0131 silah olarak kullan\u0131r ve Tiamat\u2019\u0131n bo\u011faz\u0131na k\u00f6t\u00fc bir r\u00fczgar f\u0131rlat\u0131r; sonra da kalbine ok saplayarak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Marduk, Tiamati\u2019nin v\u00fccudunu ortadan ikiye b\u00f6ler ve yeri ve g\u00f6kleri yaratmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. Daha sonra tar\u0131m gibi tanr\u0131lar\u0131n yapmak istemedi\u011fi i\u015fleri yapmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in insan\u0131 yarat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4) Eski M\u0131s\u0131r ruhlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eski M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f miti vard\u0131. Her\u015fey Nu\u2019nun k\u0131vr\u0131larak d\u00f6nen \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n suyuyla ba\u015flar. Atum \u00f6nce kendini yarat\u0131r sonra da bir da\u011f\u0131. Yoksa duraca\u011f\u0131 bir yer olmazd\u0131. Atum\u2019un cinsiyeti yoktur ve her\u015feyi g\u00f6ren bir g\u00f6ze sahiptir. Atum, bir o\u011ful s\u0131\u00e7rat\u0131r. Bu hava tanr\u0131s\u0131 Shu\u2019dur. Atum sonra bir k\u0131z kusar. Bu da nem ve bulutlar\u0131n tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Tefnut\u2019tur. \u0130kisinin g\u00f6revi karga\u015fadan d\u00fczen yaratmakt\u0131r. Shu ve Tefnut, d\u00fcnya Geb ve g\u00f6k Nut\u2019a can verir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ikisi de birbinine sarmalanm\u0131\u015f olsa da Geb Nut\u2019u yukar\u0131ya kald\u0131r\u0131r. Yava\u015f yava\u015f d\u00fcnyada d\u00fczen h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flar ama Shu ve Tefnut geri kalan karanl\u0131kta kaybolur. Atum her\u015feyi g\u00f6ren g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve onlar\u0131 aramaya yollar. Shu ve Tefnut g\u00f6z\u00fcn sayesinde geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Atum sevin\u00e7ten a\u011flar. G\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya de\u011fdi\u011fi yerde insan meydana gelir.<\/p>\n

5) Aztekler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Azteklerin anas\u0131 Coatlicue, insan kalp ve ellerinden kolyesi ve y\u0131lanlarda ete\u011fiyle \u00e7ok \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc. Hikayeye g\u00f6re, Coatlicue obsidiyen bir b\u0131\u00e7ak taraf\u0131ndan hamile b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor ve ay tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olan Coyolxauhqui\u2019yi ve g\u00fcney semalar\u0131nda y\u0131ld\u0131z olacak 400 erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya getiriyor. Daha sonra, g\u00f6kten t\u00fcrlerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir top d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Bunu bulup kemerine ba\u011flayan Coatlicue yine hamile kal\u0131yor. Coyolxauhqui ve karde\u015fleri, \u00e7ocu\u011fun kimden oldu\u011funu bilmedikleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131p k\u0131z\u0131yor. Fakat Coatlique\u2019nin karn\u0131ndaki sava\u015f ve g\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 Huitzilopochtli annesinin rahminden tamamen b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve silahl\u0131 bir halde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Huitzilopochtli Coyolxauhqui\u2019yi ate\u015ften bir y\u0131lan yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp kafas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne f\u0131rlat\u0131yor. Coyolxauhqui orada aya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

6) Orta Krall\u0131k \u00c7in<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00fc\u00e7ler yin ve yang\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir kozmik yumurta zamans\u0131z bo\u015flukta y\u00fczer. Bir kulu\u00e7ka s\u00fcresinden sonra ilk varl\u0131k olan Pan-gu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Yumurtan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r k\u0131s\u0131m yin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya \u00e7\u00f6kerek topra\u011f\u0131 olu\u015ftururken hafif k\u0131s\u0131m yang ise yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p havay\u0131 meydana getirir. K\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n yeniden olu\u015fmas\u0131ndan korkan Pan-gu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00fczerinde durup g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc havaya kald\u0131r\u0131r. 18 bin y\u0131l boyunca her g\u00fcn 300cm b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc de geni\u015fletir. G\u00f6revi sona erince de \u00f6l\u00fcr. V\u00fccudunun par\u00e7alar\u0131 evrendeki cisimlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki bitlerin insana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yler. Fakat bir ba\u015fka a\u00e7\u0131klama da mevcut. Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Nuwa yaln\u0131zd\u0131r ve Sar\u0131 Nehir\u2019deki \u00e7amurdan erke\u011fi yarat\u0131r. \u0130lk insanlar onu \u00e7ok ne\u015felendirir fakat insan yapmak uzun s\u00fcrer. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fcnyaya toprak zerreleri atar ve bu zerreler insan olur. Bu acelece yap\u0131lan insanlar halk\u0131 olu\u015ftururken ilk yapt\u0131klar\u0131 asilleri olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

7) Ada \u00fclkesi Japonya<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tanr\u0131lar iki ilahi karde\u015f yaratt\u0131lar: eski bir okyanusun \u00fczerinde y\u00fczen bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcde duran erkek karde\u015f \u0130zanagi ve k\u0131z karde\u015f \u0130zanami. \u0130zinagi ve \u0130zinami ilk adaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar ve orada evlendiler. \u00c7iftin d\u00f6rt sakat \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu. Tanr\u0131lar bunu protokol\u00fcn ihlal edilmesine yordular. Evlilik rit\u00fcelinde ilk \u0130zanami konu\u015ftu. Evlilik t\u00f6renin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tekrarlayan \u00e7ift ili\u015fkiye girdi ve Japonya adas\u0131 ile di\u011fer tanr\u0131 ve tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131 yaratt\u0131lar. Fakat \u0130zanami, ate\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131 Kagutsuchi-no-Kami\u2019nin do\u011fumunda \u00f6ld\u00fc. \u00c7ok \u00fcz\u00fclen \u0130zanagi onu \u00f6l\u00fclerin b\u00f6lgesi Yomi\u2019ye kadar takip etti. \u0130zanagi \u0130zanami\u2019nin \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyen bedenini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u00e7ok korktu ve ka\u00e7t\u0131. \u00d6fkelenen \u0130zanami di\u011fer korkun\u00e7 kad\u0131nlarla birlikte onun pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Yomi\u2019nin giri\u015finden ka\u00e7an \u0130zanagi giri\u015fi kayayla kapatt\u0131. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ya\u015famdan sonsuza kadar ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

8) Hint Kozmolojisinin Brahma\u2019yla randevusu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hint kozmolojisi bir\u00e7ok yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f miti i\u00e7eriyor ve y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca as\u0131l oyuncular s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fiyor. En eski Vedik metninde Rig Veda, Puru\u015fa ad\u0131nda bin kafal\u0131, g\u00f6zl\u00fc ve ayakl\u0131 bir devi anlat\u0131yor. Pru\u015fa parmaklar\u0131yla d\u00fcnyay\u0131 sar\u0131yor. Tanr\u0131lar Pru\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 kurban edince v\u00fccudu ya\u011f \u00fcretiyor. Bu ya\u011fdan hayvanlar do\u011fuyor. V\u00fccudunun par\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n elementlerine ve Agni, Vayu ve \u0130ndra tanr\u0131\u00e7ar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Hindu toplumunun d\u00f6rt kast\u0131 Pru\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bedeninden var oluyor: rahipler, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, halk ve hizmetkarlar. Tarihsel olarak Brahma (yaratan), Vi\u015fnu (koruyan) ve \u015eiva (mahveden) \u00f6nem kazand\u0131. Brahm, uyuyan Vi\u015fnu\u2019nun karn\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan nil\u00fcferde ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Brahma daha sonra 4.32 milyar y\u0131lda evreni yarat\u0131yor. \u015eiva evreni yok ediyor ve d\u00f6ng\u00fc b\u00f6yle devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

9) Titanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eski yunan \u015fairleri \u00e7e\u015fitli kozmogoniler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bunlardan en iyi korunmu\u015f olan\u0131 Hesiod\u2019un Teogoni\u2019si. Teogoniye g\u00f6re ilksel kaostan Gaia (toprak ana)\u2019n\u0131n da i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu en eski ilahi g\u00fc\u00e7ler \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Gaia g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc Uran\u00fcs\u2019\u00fc kendini sarmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaratt\u0131. Hekaton\u015fir (50 kafal\u0131, 100 elli canavar), Cyclopes gibi bir \u00e7ok yarat\u0131ktan olu\u015fan bir ekip kurdular. Sonrada Titanlar meydana geldi. Uran\u00fcs kendi \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ndan nefret ederek onlar\u0131 Tartarus\u2019a hapsetti. \u00d6fkelenen Gaia devasa bir orak yap\u0131p en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu Kronus\u2019a verdi. Uran\u00fcs Gaia ile ili\u015fkiye girmek i\u00e7in geldi\u011finde Kronus belirdi ve babas\u0131n\u0131n cinsel organlar\u0131n\u0131 kesti. Uran\u00fcs\u2019\u00fcn cinsel organlar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerden canavarlar ve devler \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Testislerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla meydana gelen deniz k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden tanr\u0131\u00e7a Afrodit do\u011fdu. Daha sonra, Kronus, Zeus ve Olimpiyanlar\u2019dan olu\u015fan ikinci nesil tanr\u0131lara babal\u0131k etti<\/p>\n

10) Musevi-H\u0131ristiyan ve \u0130slam \u0130nan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yahudi Torah ve H\u0131ristiyan \u0130ncil\u2019in ilk kitab\u0131 olan Cenesis\/Genesis iki yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f hikayesi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ikisi de Musevi, H\u0131ristiyan ve \u0130slami inan\u00e7larda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. \u0130lkinde Tanr\u0131 \u201cI\u015f\u0131k olsun,\u201d der, \u0131\u015f\u0131k meydana gelir. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcnde Tanr\u0131 g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc, topra\u011f\u0131, bitkileri, ay\u0131, g\u00fcne\u015fi, hayvanlar\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131 yarat\u0131r. Yedinci g\u00fcnde Tanr\u0131 dinlenir ve yaratt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci hikayede Tanr\u0131 ilk insan Adem\u2019i topraktan yarat\u0131r, cennete\/bah\u00e7eye koyar ve yasak a\u011fa\u00e7tan elma yememesini \u00f6\u011f\u00fctler. Adem yaln\u0131zd\u0131r. Tanr\u0131 Adem\u2019in kaburga kemi\u011finden Havva\u2019y\u0131 yarat\u0131r. Konu\u015fan bir y\u0131lan Havva\u2019y\u0131 elmay\u0131 yemesi i\u00e7in ikna eder, Havva da Adem\u2019i. Tanr\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finde onlar\u0131 cennetten kovar ve \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc yapar.<\/p>\n

KAYNAK:
*The Joy of Knowledge Encyclopaedia
*ntvmsnbc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mitler,i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 uygarl\u0131k merkezleri esas al\u0131narak birtak\u0131m b\u00f6lgelere ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar.Bir ay\u0131r\u0131m da ana konular\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmad\u0131r.Burada dikkat \u00e7eken bir \u00f6zellik g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Yan\u0131tlar de\u011fi\u015fse bile baz\u0131 ana konular b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri b\u00f6yledir.*Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri evrenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r.Bu hali ile ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey bulundu\u011fu varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bu yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u015fey,bug\u00fcn de adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi bo\u015fluk veya kaos olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4745","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-mitoloji"},"yoast_head":"\nYarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f mitleri evrenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131r | Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f Efsaneleri - 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