{"id":5840,"date":"2011-03-10T14:52:41","date_gmt":"2011-03-10T11:52:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2011\/03\/10\/koyluler-savasi-dorduncu-bolum-friedrich-engels\/"},"modified":"2011-03-10T14:52:41","modified_gmt":"2011-03-10T11:52:41","slug":"koyluler-savasi-dorduncu-bolum-friedrich-engels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2011\/03\/10\/koyluler-savasi-dorduncu-bolum-friedrich-engels\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6yl\u00fcler Sava\u015f\u0131 | D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm – Friedrich Engels"},"content":{"rendered":"

4
D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Bundschuh gizli eyleminin Karaorman’da bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Luther, Wittenberg’de, t\u00fcm z\u00fcmreleri kendi burgac\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecek ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi adamak\u0131ll\u0131 sarsacak olan hareketin i\u015faretini verdi. Th\u00fcringen’li Augustin’in[32] savlar\u0131, bir barut f\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m etkisi yapt\u0131. Bu savlar, daha ilk anda, burjuvalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi \u015f\u00f6valyelerin, halktan kimselerin oldu\u011fu gibi k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeydeki din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k isteyen prenslerin, bilgin ve yergicilerin yaz\u0131nsal muhalefeti gibi gizli mistik tarikatlar\u0131n de \u00e7ok say\u0131daki ve \u00e7eli\u015fik \u00f6zlemlerine, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00f6\u011felerin, y\u00f6resinde \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir h\u0131zl\u0131l\u0131kla topland\u0131klar\u0131 ortak bir genel ifade verdiler. T\u00fcm muhalefet \u00f6\u011felerinin bu ans\u0131z\u0131n olu\u015fan [sayfa 92] ba\u011fla\u015fmas\u0131, s\u00fcresi ne kadar k\u0131sa olursa olsun, hareketin engin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc birdenbire ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131, ve onu bir o kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde ilerletti.
Ama, i\u015fte as\u0131l hareketin bu h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemesi, \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden hareketin i\u00e7inde saklanan ayr\u0131l\u0131k tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirecek, ve, en az\u0131ndan, kayna\u015fan y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, toplumsal durumlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirine do\u011frudan do\u011fruya kar\u015f\u0131t \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6\u011felerini birbirinden ay\u0131racak ve onlar\u0131 normal d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k konumlar\u0131na getirecekti. Karmakar\u0131\u015f\u0131k muhalefet y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n bu iki \u00e7ekim merkezi y\u00f6resindeki kutupla\u015fmas\u0131, kendini reform hareketinin ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00f6sterdi: soylular ve burjuvalar, kay\u0131ts\u0131z \u015farts\u0131z Luther y\u00f6resinde topland\u0131lar; k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ile halktan ki\u015filer ise, hen\u00fcz Luther’de dolays\u0131z bir d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6rmemekle birlikte, eskiden de oldu\u011fu gibi, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir devrimci muhalefet partisi olu\u015fturmaya devam ettiler. Tek ayr\u0131m, hareketin \u015fimdi, Luther’den \u00f6nceki harekete g\u00f6re, \u00e7ok daha genel, \u00e7ok daha derin olmas\u0131 oldu; bundan da, iki parti aras\u0131nda son derece a\u00e7\u0131k bir kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k, dolays\u0131z bir sava\u015f\u0131m zorunlulu\u011fu do\u011fdu. Luther ile M\u00fcnzer, t\u0131pk\u0131 prenslerin, \u015f\u00f6valyelerin ve kentlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc l\u00fcterci \u00f6\u011felerden bile\u015fen, ya da en az\u0131ndan l\u00fctercili\u011fe yatk\u0131n ordular\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve halk tak\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7etelerini k\u0131r\u0131p ge\u00e7irmeleri gibi, bas\u0131n ve k\u00fcrs\u00fc yoluyla, sava\u015ft\u0131lar.
Soyluluk taraf\u0131ndan, prensler ve din adamlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kendi istemlerini \u00fcste \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in, daha K\u00f6yl\u00fcler Sava\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan giri\u015fim, reformu kabul eden \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6\u011felerin \u00e7\u0131kar ve \u00f6zlemlerinin birbirinden ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi g\u00f6sterir.
Alman soylulu\u011funun 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131ndaki durumunun ne oldu\u011funu daha \u00f6nce yukarda g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bu soyluluk, g\u00fc\u00e7leri g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fcyen laik prensler ile kilise prensleri yarar\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirme noktas\u0131nda bulunuyordu. Kendisi batt\u0131k\u00e7a, ayn\u0131 zamanda, imparatorluk g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ve imparatorlu\u011fun kendisinin, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir say\u0131daki [sayfa 93] egemen prenslikler bi\u00e7imine da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu. Kendi sonu, ona g\u00f6re, ulus olarak Almanya’n\u0131n sonu ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde\u015f olacakt\u0131. Buna, soylulu\u011fun, hele imparatorluk soylulu\u011funun, prensler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki toplumsal konumu ile oldu\u011fu kadar, askeri an\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile de, imparatorlu\u011fu ve imparatorluk g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc temsil eden s\u0131n\u0131f oldu\u011fu olgusu ekleniyordu. Bu soyluluk, en ulusal z\u00fcmreyi olu\u015fturuyordu, ve imparatorluk iktidar\u0131 ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, prensler ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz ve az idiyse!er, Almanya o kadar birle\u015fik ve soyluluk o kadar g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi demekti. \u015e\u00f6valyeli\u011fin, Almanya’n\u0131n icler ac\u0131s\u0131 siyasal durumu y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, imparatorlu\u011fun, imparatorluk hanedan\u0131, kal\u0131t\u0131m yoluyla, bir eyaletten sonra bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 Reich’a ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artan d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, yabanc\u0131 devletlerin imparatorluk i\u00e7inde \u00e7evirdikleri dolaplar ve yabanc\u0131larla ba\u011fla\u015fma kurmu\u015f Alman prensleri taraf\u0131ndan imparatorluk g\u00fcc\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen komplolar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yola\u00e7\u0131lan genel ho\u015fnutsuzlu\u011fu, bundand\u0131. Bu nedenle, soylulu\u011fun istemleri, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, zorunlu olarak imparatorun, prensler ve y\u00fcksek din adamlar\u0131 zarar\u0131na bir reforma do\u011fru y\u00f6neliyordu. Bu istemlerin bire\u015fimine, askeri ve siyasal temsilcisi Franz Von Sickingen ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi halinde, Alman soylulu\u011funun teorisyeni olan Ulrich von Hutten taraf\u0131ndan giri\u015fildi.
Hutten, soyluluk taraf\u0131ndan istenen kendi imparatorluk reformunu \u00e7ok radikal bir bi\u00e7imde tasarlay\u0131p \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde form\u00fcle etti. En az\u0131ndan, t\u00fcm prenslerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u00fcm kilise mallar\u0131n\u0131n laikle\u015ftirilmesi, en iyi g\u00fcnlerindeki m\u00fcteveffa Polonya Cumhuriyeti tarz\u0131nda, ba\u015f\u0131nda bir h\u00fck\u00fcmdar bulunan aristokratik bir demokrasinin kurulmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusuydu. Hutten ile Sickingen, en iyisinden asker bir s\u0131n\u0131f olan soylulu\u011fun egemeli\u011finin yeniden kurulmas\u0131, par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lman\u0131n temsilcileri olan prenslerin ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sayesinde, rahiplerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ve Roma’n\u0131n Almanya \u00fczerindeki tinsel egemenli\u011finin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 sayesinde, [sayfa 94] imparatorlu\u011fa birli\u011fini, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yeniden kazandirabileceklerini san\u0131yorlard\u0131.
Polonya’da, ve biraz de\u011fi\u015fik bir bi\u00e7imde fethin ilk y\u00fczy\u0131llar\u0131ndaki Cermen krall\u0131klar\u0131nda varoldu\u011fu bi\u00e7imiyle, serfli\u011fe dayanan aristokratik demokrasi, en ilkel toplum bi\u00e7imlerinden biridir, ve \u00e7ok do\u011fal olarak, \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek bir evre olu\u015fturar\u0131 feodal a\u015fama s\u0131ras\u0131na do\u011fru evrimlenecektir. \u00d6yleyse, bu saf aristokratik demokrasi, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l Almanya’s\u0131nda olanaks\u0131zd\u0131. \u015eu ilk nedenden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc olanaks\u0131zd\u0131 ki, Almanya, o \u00e7a\u011fda, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kentler i\u00e7eriyordu. Ama, \u00f6te yandan, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck soyluluk ile kentlerin, \u0130ngiltere’de feodal krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n, burjuva anayasal bir krall\u0131k durumuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi sonucunu veren ba\u011fla\u015fmas\u0131 da olanaks\u0131zd\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck soyluluk, \u0130ngiltere’de, 28 aile d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u0130ki-G\u00fcl Sava\u015f\u0131[33] taraf\u0131ndan tamamen yok edilip, burjuva k\u00f6ken ve burjuva e\u011filimli yeni bir soyluluk taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fi halde, Almanya’da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Serflik, \u0130ngiltere’de ortadan tamamen kalkm\u0131\u015f, ve soyluluk, toprak rant\u0131 gibi burjuva bir gelire sahip basit toprak sahiplerinden bile\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fu halde, serflik Almanya’da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor, ve soyluluk, feodal gelirlere sahip bulunuyordu. Son olarak salt krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n, soyluluk ile burjuvazi aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011fda\u015fmazl\u0131k sonucu, Fransa’da Louis XI’den beri varolan ve gitgide geli\u015fen merkezle\u015fmesi de Almanya’da olanaks\u0131zd\u0131; \u015fu basit nedenle ki, ulusal merkezle\u015fme ko\u015fullar\u0131 Almanya’da ya yoktu, ya da ancak tohum halinde vard\u0131.
Hutten, bu ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde, \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ne kadar \u00e7abal\u0131yorsa, o kadar \u00f6d\u00fcn verme zorunda kal\u0131yor, ve giri\u015fti\u011fi imparatorluk reformunun \u00e7izgileri de o kadar belirsizle\u015fiyordu. Soyluluk, bu giri\u015fimi tek ba\u015f\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, yeteri kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc de\u011fildi, ve bu durum, onun prensler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki artan g\u00fccs\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tl\u0131yordu. Kendine ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131klar bulma zorundayd\u0131, ve tek olanakl\u0131 ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 da, \u0130zentler, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ve reform hareketinin etkin [sayfa 95]
Alman soylulu\u011funun k\u00f6yl\u00fcler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumu, o \u00e7a\u011fda, tastamam Polonya soylulu\u011funun 1830-1846 ayaklanmalar\u0131nda kendi k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki konumunun t\u0131pk\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 modern Polonya ayaklanmalar\u0131ndaki gibi o zaman Almanya’da hareket, ancak t\u00fcm muhalefet partilerinin, ve \u00f6zellikle de soyluluk ile k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin ba\u011fla\u015fmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla olanakl\u0131 idi. Ama, i\u015fte bu ba\u011fla\u015fma, her iki durumda da, olanaks\u0131z idi. Soyluluk, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki siyasal ayr\u0131cal\u0131k ve feodal haklar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7me bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, devrimci k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin, soyluluk ile, yani kendilerini en \u00e7ok ezen s\u0131n\u0131f ile, \u00e7ok genel ve belirsiz erekler i\u00e7in bir ba\u011fla\u015fma yapmay\u0131 kabul etmeye haz\u0131r olduklar\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zorunluluk i\u00e7inde bulunmuyorlard\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 1830’da Polonya’da oldu\u011fu gibi, soyluluk, 1522 Almanyas\u0131nda, art\u0131k k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri kendine kazanamazd\u0131. K\u00f6yl\u00fcleri soylulara, ancak ve ancak, serfli\u011fin ve [sayfa 96] uyruklu\u011fun tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, soylulu\u011fun t\u00fcm ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7mesi birle\u015ftirebilirdi. Ama soylulu\u011fun, her ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f gibi, ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131ndan, t\u00fcm ayr\u0131k durumundan ve gelirlerinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden g\u00f6n\u00fcl r\u0131zas\u0131 ile vazge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir iste\u011fi yoktu.
Bu nedenle, sava\u015f\u0131m patlak verdigi zaman, soyluluk, prenslerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kendini yaln\u0131z buldu. \u00d6yleyse, iki y\u00fczy\u0131ldan beri soylulu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 durmadan alan kazanm\u0131\u015f bulunan prenslerin, bu kez de onlar\u0131 kolayca ezecekleri \u00f6nceden kestirilebilirdi.
Sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131n nas\u0131l olup bitti\u011fi bilinir. Orta Almanya soylulu\u011funun siyasal ve askeri \u00f6nderi olarak art\u0131k \u00fcn kazanm\u0131\u015f bulunan Sickingen ile Hutten, 1522’de, Landau’da, alt\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in, s\u00f6z\u00fcmona savunucu bir erekle, bir Rehanya, Suab ve Frankonya soylulu\u011fu birli\u011fi kurdular. K\u0131smen kendi olanaklar\u0131, k\u0131smen dolaylardaki \u015f\u00f6valyelerin yard\u0131m\u0131 ile, Frankonya, Ren’in asa\u011f\u0131 yatak b\u00f6lgeleri, Hollanda ve Vestefalya’daki takviyeleri silah alt\u0131na alan Sickingen bir ordu toplad\u0131, ve Eyl\u00fcl 1522’de, Trier (Tr\u00e9ves) se\u00e7ici-ba\u015fpiskoposuna bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ile, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. Ama, Trier’i ku\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, prenslerin h\u0131zl\u0131 bir m\u00fcdahalesi ile, takviyelerinin yolu kesildi. Hessen landgrav\u0131 ile Pfalz (Palatinat) se\u00e7icisi, Trier ba\u015fpiskoposunun yard\u0131m\u0131na ko\u015ftular, ve Sickingen, Landstuhl m\u00fcstahkem \u015fatosuna s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma zorunda kald\u0131. Hutten ve \u00f6b\u00fcr dostlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm \u00e7abalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, prenslerin h\u0131zl\u0131 ve uyumlu eylemi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6z\u00fc korkan ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131k soyluluk, onu yazg\u0131s\u0131 ile ba\u015fba\u015fa b\u0131rakt\u0131. O da a\u011f\u0131r bir yara ald\u0131, Landstuhl’u teslim etti ve hemen sonra da \u00f6ld\u00fc. Hutten ise \u0130svi\u00e7re’ye ka\u00e7mak zorunda kald\u0131 ve birka\u00e7 ay sonra, Z\u00fcrih g\u00f6l\u00fc \u00fczerindeki Ufnau adas\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fc.
Bu bozgun ve iki \u00f6nderinin \u00f6i\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine, prenslerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kolu olarak soylulu\u011fun g\u00fcc\u00fc, k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu tarihten sonra, soyluluk art\u0131k sadece prenslerin hizmetinde ve onlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimi alt\u0131nda hareket etti. Hemen bunun \u00fczerine patlak [sayfa 97] veren k\u00f6yl\u00fcler sava\u015f\u0131, soylulu\u011fu, prenslerin korunumu alt\u0131na, dolays\u0131z ya da dolayl\u0131 bir b!\u00e7imde, daha da \u00e7ok girmeye zorlad\u0131, ve ayn\u0131 zamanda, Alman soylulu\u011funun, prensleri ve rahipleri, kurtulmu\u015f k\u00f6yl\u00fcler ile a\u00e7\u0131k bir ba\u011fla\u015fma arac\u0131yla devirmektense, prenslerin egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri s\u00f6m\u00fcrmeye devam etmeyi ye\u011f tuttu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. [sayfa 98]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

4 D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Bundschuh gizli eyleminin Karaorman’da bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Luther, Wittenberg’de, t\u00fcm z\u00fcmreleri kendi burgac\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecek ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi adamak\u0131ll\u0131 sarsacak olan hareketin i\u015faretini verdi. Th\u00fcringen’li Augustin’in[32] savlar\u0131, bir barut f\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m etkisi yapt\u0131. Bu savlar, daha ilk anda, burjuvalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi \u015f\u00f6valyelerin, halktan kimselerin oldu\u011fu gibi k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeydeki din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[181],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-friedrich-engels-koyluler-savasi"],"yoast_head":"\nK\u00f6yl\u00fcler Sava\u015f\u0131 | D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Friedrich Engels - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2011\/03\/10\/koyluler-savasi-dorduncu-bolum-friedrich-engels\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u00f6yl\u00fcler Sava\u015f\u0131 | D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm - Friedrich Engels\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"4 D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Bundschuh gizli eyleminin Karaorman’da bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, Luther, Wittenberg’de, t\u00fcm z\u00fcmreleri kendi burgac\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fckleyecek ve t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi adamak\u0131ll\u0131 sarsacak olan hareketin i\u015faretini verdi. 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