{"id":5853,"date":"2011-03-10T19:14:50","date_gmt":"2011-03-10T16:14:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2011\/03\/10\/fransada-ic-savas-uibgknin-fransiz-alman-savasi-uzerine-1-cagrisi\/"},"modified":"2011-03-10T19:14:50","modified_gmt":"2011-03-10T16:14:50","slug":"fransada-ic-savas-uibgknin-fransiz-alman-savasi-uzerine-1-cagrisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2011\/03\/10\/fransada-ic-savas-uibgknin-fransiz-alman-savasi-uzerine-1-cagrisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Fransa’da \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f | U\u0130BGK’nin Frans\u0131z – Alman Sava\u015f\u0131 \u00dczerine 1. \u00c7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

ULUSLARARASI \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 GENEL KONSEY\u0130N\u0130N FRANSIZ-ALMAN SAVA\u015eI \u00dcZER\u0130NE B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 \u00c7A\u011eRISI<\/p>\n

AVRUPA VE B\u0130RLE\u015e\u0130K DEVLETLER’DEK\u0130 ULUSLARARASI \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00dcYELER\u0130NE<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Birli\u011finin kurulu\u015f \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda, Kas\u0131m 1864’te, \u015f\u00f6yle diyorduk:<\/p>\n

“\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu, bunlar\u0131n karde\u015f\u00e7e uyum i\u00e7inde bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyorsa, ulusal \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7iren ve halklar\u0131n kanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korsanca sava\u015flarda \u00e7ar\u00e7ur eden, canice ama\u00e7lar g\u00fcden bir d\u0131\u015f politika alt\u0131nda bu b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6revi nas\u0131l yerine getireceklerdir?”<\/p>\n

Enternasyonalin benimsedi\u011fi d\u0131\u015f siyaseti de \u015fu terimlerle tan\u0131ml\u0131yorduk:<\/p>\n

“Uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilere egemen olan kurallar kadar, tek tek ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilere de egemen olmas\u0131 gereken basit ahl\u00e2k ve adalet yasalar\u0131n\u0131 savunma.”<\/p>\n

\u0130ktidar\u0131n\u0131 Fransa’daki s\u0131n\u0131flar m\u00fccadelesini s\u00f6m\u00fcrerek kapm\u0131\u015f ve onu d\u0131\u015fardaki s\u00fcreli sava\u015flar arac\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f bulunan Louis Bonaparte’\u0131n, daha ba\u015ftan beri Enternasyonale tehlikeli bir d\u00fc\u015fman olarak davranmas\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak hi\u00e7 bir \u015fey yok. Plebisit’in [130] \u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcnde, Enternasyonalin kendisine kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u00f6ld\u00fcrme komplosuna kar\u0131\u015fan gizli bir demek oldu\u011fu yolundaki, d\u00f6rtba\u015f\u0131 bay\u0131nd\u0131r sa\u00e7mal\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa zamanda kendi \u00f6z yarg\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunan bahane ile, Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Birli\u011fi y\u00f6netim komitelerinin Paris, Lyon, Rouen, Marsilya, Brest, vb., t\u00fcm Fransa’daki \u00fcyelerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir bask\u0131n d\u00fczenledi. Enternasyonalin Frans\u0131z kesimlerinin ger\u00e7ek su\u00e7u ne idi? Onlar plebisiti oylaman\u0131n, i\u00e7te despotizm ve d\u0131\u015fta da sava\u015f i\u00e7in oy verme demek oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdi. E\u011fer Fransa’n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerinde, b\u00fct\u00fcn sanayi merkezlerinde, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, plebisiti yoksamak i\u00e7in tek bir adam gibi aya\u011fa kalkm\u0131\u015fsa, bu ger\u00e7ekten onlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerin hantal bilisizli\u011fi dengede a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131. Borsalar, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar ve Avrupa bas\u0131n\u0131, plebisiti Frans\u0131z imparatorunun (sayfa: 227) Frans\u0131z i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaferi olarak kutlad\u0131lar; ger\u00e7eklikte bu bir bireyin de\u011fil, ama koca uluslar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclme i\u015fareti oldu.
1870 Temmuz sava\u015f komplosu, [131] 1851 Aral\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmet darbesinin [122] d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f bir bask\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta, i\u015f \u00f6ylesine sa\u00e7ma g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc ki, Fransa onu ger\u00e7ekten ciddiye almak istemiyordu. O daha \u00e7ok, bakanlar\u0131n sava\u015f \u00fczerindeki s\u00f6zlerini basit bir borsa spek\u00fclasyonu manevras\u0131 olarak ele\u015ftiren milletvekiline [2*] inan\u0131yordu. Sava\u015f, 15 Temmuzda, yasama toplulu\u011funa ensonu resmen buyuruldu\u011fu zaman, t\u00fcm muhalefet ge\u00e7ici sava\u015f \u00f6deneklerine kar\u015f\u0131 oy verdi; hatta Thiers bile sava\u015f\u0131 “i\u011fren\u00e7” olarak k\u0131nad\u0131; Paris’in t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z gazeteleri sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar, ve, \u015fa\u015f\u0131lacak \u015fey, ta\u015fra bas\u0131n\u0131 hemen hemen oybirli\u011fi ile onlara kat\u0131ld\u0131.
Bununla birlikte, Enternasyonalin Parisli \u00fcyeleri yeniden i\u015fe koyulmu\u015flard\u0131. 12 Temmuz g\u00fcnl\u00fc R\u00e9veil’de [132] , a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki par\u00e7alan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z “B\u00fct\u00fcn Uluslar\u0131n \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerine” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bildirgelerini yay\u0131mlad\u0131lar:<\/p>\n

“Bir kez daha” diyorlard\u0131, “Avrupa dengesi ve ulusal onur bahanesi ile, siyasal niyetler d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit ediyor. Frans\u0131z, Alman, \u0130spanyol i\u015f\u00e7ileri, seslerimiz sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 bir k\u0131nama \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde birle\u015fsin! … Bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ya da hanedan sorunu i\u00e7in sava\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin g\u00f6z\u00fcnde, canice bir sa\u00e7mal\u0131ktan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olamaz. Kendilerini kan vergisinden ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan ya da halklar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen felaketlerde yeni bir spek\u00fclasyon kayna\u011f\u0131 bulan kimselerin sava\u015f \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, bar\u0131\u015f, i\u015f ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck isteyen bizler protesto ederiz! … Almanya’daki karde\u015fler! B\u00f6l\u00fcnmemiz, Ren’in her iki k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda da, despotizmin d\u00f6rtba\u015f\u0131 bay\u0131nd\u0131r bir zaferinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey getirmez. B\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin i\u015f\u00e7ileri! Ortak \u00e7abalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sonucu ne olursa olsun, biz, Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Birli\u011finin \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tan\u0131maz \u00fcyeleri, biz size, bozulmaz bir dayan\u0131\u015fma g\u00fcvencesi olarak, Fransa i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin iyi dilek ve selamlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderiyoruz!”<\/p>\n

Paris kesiminizin bu bildirgesi, bir\u00e7ok benzer Frans\u0131z \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ile izlendi. Biz burada bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lardan sadece 22 Temmuz (sayfa: 228) g\u00fcnk\u00fc Marseillaise’de [133] yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan Neuillysur-Seine bildirisinden bir par\u00e7a alabiliyoruz:<\/p>\n

“Sava\u015f \u00e2dil midir? Sava\u015f ulusal m\u0131d\u0131r? Hay\u0131r! Sava\u015f, bir hanedan sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, demokrasi ve Fransa’n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ad\u0131na, Enternasyonalin sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 protestosuna tamamen ve var g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fczle kat\u0131l\u0131yoruz!”<\/p>\n

Bu protestolar, \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden belirtici (karakteristik) bir olay\u0131n da g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, Fransa i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin ger\u00e7ek duygular\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyorlard\u0131. \u0130lkin Louis Bonaparte’\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f bulunan On Aral\u0131k \u00c7etesi, [134] sava\u015f ate\u015fi \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere, “i\u015f g\u00f6mlekleri” giydirilerek Paris sokaklar\u0131na sal\u0131verildi\u011fi zaman, d\u0131\u015f mahalellerin ger\u00e7ek i\u015f\u00e7ileri bar\u0131\u015ftan yana \u00f6ylesine ezici g\u00f6sterilerle yan\u0131t verdiler ki, polis m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Pi\u00e9tri, sad\u0131k Paris halk\u0131n\u0131n uzun zaman bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yurtseverli\u011fi ile sava\u015f i\u00e7in ta\u015fk\u0131n co\u015fkusunu yeterince g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu sokak siyasetine hemen son vermenin iyi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc.
Louis Bonaparte’\u0131n Prusya’ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n gidi\u015fi ne olursa olsun, \u0130kinci \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00e7an\u0131, Paris’te daha \u015fimdiden \u00e7alm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor. \u0130mparatorluk, ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gibi, bir parodi ile bitecektir. Ama Louis Bonaparte’a onsekiz y\u0131l boyunca kand\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f imparatorluk kaba-g\u00fcld\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc oynama iznini verenlerin Avrupa h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri ile egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 oldu\u011funu da unutmayal\u0131m.
Alman yan\u0131ndan sava\u015f, bir savunma sava\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Ama Almanya’y\u0131 kendini savunma zorunlulu\u011fu i\u00e7ine kim koydu? Louis Bonaparte’\u0131n onunla sava\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kim sa\u011flad\u0131? Prusya! Bu ayn\u0131 Louis Bonaparte ile, i\u00e7erde halk muhalefetini ezmek ve Almanya’y\u0131 Hohenzollern hanedan\u0131na ba\u011flamak i\u00e7in gizlice elbirli\u011fi eden, Bismarck’t\u0131r. E\u011fer Sadowa sava\u015f\u0131 [99] kazan\u0131lacak yerde yitirilmi\u015f olayd\u0131, Frans\u0131z taburlar\u0131 Prusya’n\u0131n m\u00fcttefikleri olarak Almanya’y\u0131 doldururlard\u0131. Zaferinden sonra, Prusya, bir an i\u00e7in bile olsa, k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir Fransa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir Almanya \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc m\u00fc? Tam tersine. Bir yandan kendi \u00f6z sisteminin t\u00fcm do\u011fu\u015ftan g\u00fczelliklerini \u00f6zenle korurken, onlara bir de \u0130kinci \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun t\u00fcm p\u00fcf noktalar\u0131n\u0131, ger\u00e7ek despotizmi ile d\u00fczmece demokratizmini, siyasal aldatmacalar\u0131 ile mali dalaverelerini, tumturakl\u0131 lafazanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile a\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131k (sayfa: 229) hokkabazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ekledi. O zamana de\u011fin Ren’in sadece bir k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7an bonapartc\u0131l\u0131k, \u015fimdi \u00f6b\u00fcr k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda da benzerini buluyordu. B\u00f6ylesine bir durumdan, sava\u015ftan ba\u015fka ne \u00e7\u0131kabilirdi?
E\u011fer Alman i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc sava\u015f\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya savunucu niteli\u011fini yitirip, Frans\u0131z halk\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 bir sava\u015f bi\u00e7iminde yozla\u015fmas\u0131na izin verirse, ister yengi ister yenilgi, her ikisi de bir y\u0131k\u0131m olacakt\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 denilen sava\u015flardan sonra Almanya \u00fczerine \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f bulunan t\u00fcm ac\u0131lar, yeni bir yo\u011funlukla yeniden canlanacaklard\u0131r.
Bununla birlikte, Enternasyonal ilkeleri, Alman i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde b\u00f6ylesine y\u00fcrek karart\u0131c\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7tan korkmam\u0131z\u0131 gerektirmeyecek kadar yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve k\u00f6kle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Frans\u0131z is\u00e7ilerin sesleri Almanya’da bir yank\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur. Brunswick’te, 16 Temmuzda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015f\u00e7i y\u0131\u011f\u0131n mitingi, Paris bildirgesi ile tam bir birlik i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, Fransa’ya kar\u015f\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ulusal uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k fikrini yads\u0131m\u0131\u015f, ve \u015fu s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle biten kararlar\u0131 oylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

“Biz b\u00fct\u00fcn sava\u015flar\u0131n, ama her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde hanedan sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131y\u0131z. … Derin bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve derin bir ac\u0131 ile, bir savunma sava\u015f\u0131na ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck olarak katlanma zorunda kald\u0131k; ama biz ayn\u0131 zamanda, t\u00fcm Alman i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131, sava\u015f ya da bar\u0131\u015fa karar verme yetkisini halklar\u0131n kendileri i\u00e7in isteyerek, ve b\u00f6ylece onlar\u0131 kendi \u00f6z yazg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n efendileri durumuna getirerek, bu engin toplumsal mutsuzlu\u011fun geri d\u00f6nmesini olanaks\u0131z k\u0131lmak, i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yoruz.”<\/p>\n

Chemnitz’de, 50.000 Saksonya i\u015f\u00e7isini temsil eden bir delegeler mitingi, \u015fu karar\u0131 oybirli\u011fi ile kabul etti:<\/p>\n

“Alman demokrasisi, ve \u00f6zellikle sosyal-demokrat parti i\u015f\u00e7ileri ad\u0131na, bu sava\u015f\u0131n salt hanedan sava\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu il\u00e2n ederiz… Fransa i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin bize uzatt\u0131klar\u0131 karde\u015f\u00e7e eli s\u0131kmakla mutluyuz. Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Birli\u011finin B\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fclkelerinproleterleri,birle\u015finiz! slogan\u0131na sayg\u0131l\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin dostlar\u0131m\u0131z ve b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin despotlar\u0131n\u0131n da d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131m\u0131z olduklar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 bir zaman unutmayaca\u011f\u0131z!”<\/p>\n

Enternasyonalin Berlin kesimi de Paris bildirgesini yan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: (sayfa: 230)<\/p>\n

“Protestonuza b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ciddilikle kat\u0131l\u0131yoruz… Ne borazan sesinin, ne top g\u00fcrlemesinin, ne yengi ne de yenilginin, bizi b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeler i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin birli\u011fi i\u00e7in ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan d\u00f6nd\u00fcremeyeceklerine, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ciddilikle s\u00f6z veriyoruz.”<\/p>\n

Dileriz ki \u00f6yle olsun!
Bu intihar sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n arka plan\u0131nda, Rusya’n\u0131n korkun\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc f\u0131rsat kollamaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcncel sava\u015f i\u015faretinin, tam da Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin kendi stratejik demiryollar\u0131n\u0131 bitirip, birliklerini Prut y\u00f6n\u00fcnde toplam\u0131\u015f bulundu\u011fu bir anda verilmesi, k\u00f6t\u00fc bir i\u015farettir. Almanlar\u0131n bonapart\u00e7\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 bir savunma sava\u015f\u0131nda hakl\u0131 olarak kazand\u0131klar\u0131 sevgi ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck olursa olsun, e\u011fer Alman h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Kaza\u011fa ba\u015fvurmas\u0131na ya da Kazak yard\u0131m\u0131 kabul etmesine izin verirlerse, bu sevgiyi hemen yitireceklerdir. Almanya’n\u0131n, Napol\u00e9on I’e kar\u015f\u0131 verdi\u011fi savunma sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra, onlarca y\u0131l boyunca \u00e7ar\u0131n ayaklar\u0131na kapan\u0131p kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmas\u0131nlar.
\u0130ngiliz i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, Fransa ve Almanya emek\u00e7ilerine karde\u015f\u00e7e bir el uzat\u0131yor. \u0130ngiliz i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, kendini duyuran korkun\u00e7 sava\u015f nas\u0131l bir gidi\u015f al\u0131rsa als\u0131n, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeler i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin m\u00fcttefikli\u011fine, sonunda sava\u015f\u0131 yokedece\u011fine derinden derine inan\u0131yor. Resmi Fransa ile resmi Almanya kendilerini bir karde\u015f \u00f6ld\u00fcrme sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine atarlarken, Fransa ve Almanya i\u015f\u00e7ileri birbirlerine bar\u0131\u015f ve dostluk mesajlar\u0131 g\u00f6nderiyorlar. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f tarihte e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bu benzersiz olgu, yolu, daha ayd\u0131nl\u0131k bir gelece\u011fe a\u00e7\u0131yor. Bu olgu, iktisadi sefaleti ve siyasal ta\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birlikte eski topluma kar\u015f\u0131t olarak, her ulus i\u00e7inde ayn\u0131 ilke: Emek ilkesi egemen olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, uluslararas\u0131 kural\u0131n\u0131n Bar\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 yeni bir toplumun do\u011fmakta oldu\u011funu da tan\u0131tl\u0131yor! Bu yeni toplumun \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc ise, Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler Birli\u011fidir.<\/p>\n

256, High Holborn, Londra, Western Central,
23 Temmuz 1870<\/p>\n

Marks taraf\u0131ndan 19-23 Temmuz 1870’te yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/p>\n

Temmuz 1870’te bro\u015f\u00fcr bi\u00e7iminde \u0130ngilizce olarak, ve A\u011fustos- Eyl\u00fcl 1870’te de Almanca, Frans\u0131zca ve Rus\u00e7a dillerinde bildiriler halinde ve ayr\u0131ca bas\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (sayfa: 231)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ULUSLARARASI \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 GENEL KONSEY\u0130N\u0130N FRANSIZ-ALMAN SAVA\u015eI \u00dcZER\u0130NE B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 \u00c7A\u011eRISI AVRUPA VE B\u0130RLE\u015e\u0130K DEVLETLER’DEK\u0130 ULUSLARARASI \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 B\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00dcYELER\u0130NE Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Birli\u011finin kurulu\u015f \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda, Kas\u0131m 1864’te, \u015f\u00f6yle diyorduk: “\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu, bunlar\u0131n karde\u015f\u00e7e uyum i\u00e7inde bulunmalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyorsa, ulusal \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7iren ve halklar\u0131n kanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 korsanca sava\u015flarda \u00e7ar\u00e7ur eden, canice ama\u00e7lar g\u00fcden bir d\u0131\u015f politika […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-karl-marks-fransa-da-ic-savas"],"yoast_head":"\nFransa'da \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f | U\u0130BGK'nin Frans\u0131z - 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