{"id":5919,"date":"2011-04-20T11:16:10","date_gmt":"2011-04-20T08:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2011\/04\/20\/kirilgan-temas-slavoj-zizek\/"},"modified":"2011-04-20T11:16:10","modified_gmt":"2011-04-20T08:16:10","slug":"kirilgan-temas-slavoj-zizek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2011\/04\/20\/kirilgan-temas-slavoj-zizek\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0131r\u0131lgan Temas | Slavoj Zizek"},"content":{"rendered":"![](\"images\/stories\/slavojzizek.jpg\")
Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n nihai paranoyak fantazisi, tam bir t\u00fcketici cenne\u00adti olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, masals\u0131 bir Kaliforniya \u015fehrinde ya\u015fayan bir bireyin, birdenbire, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, onu ger\u00e7ek bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fa\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131rmak \u00fczere sahnelenmi\u015f bir d\u00fczmece, bir g\u00f6steri, etra\u00adf\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n da asl\u0131nda devasa bir \u015fovun par\u00e7alar\u0131 olan akt\u00f6rler ve fig\u00fcranlar oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu\u00adnun en son \u00f6rne\u011fi, Jim Carrey’nin, g\u00fcnde 24 saat yay\u0131nlanan bir TV \u015fovunun kahraman\u0131 oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffeden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kasaba k\u00e2tibi rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Peter Weir’\u0131n The Truman Show (1998) filmidir:<\/p>\n
Do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kasaba dev bir st\u00fcdyo \u00fczerinde kurulmu\u015ftur, kameralar devaml\u0131 onu takip etmektedir. Bu filmin atalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Philip Dick’in Time Out of Joint (1959) roman\u0131ndan bahsetmekte fayda var; bu romanda, 50’li y\u0131lar\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, masals\u0131 bir Kalifor\u00adniya kasabas\u0131nda m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir hayat s\u00fcren kahraman, yava\u015f yava\u015f, b\u00fct\u00fcn kasaban\u0131n onu tatmin etmek amac\u0131yla sahnelenen bir d\u00fczme\u00adce oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffeder … Time Out of Joint’la The Truman Show’un te\u00admelinde yatan deneyim, ge\u00e7 kapitalist Kaliforniya t\u00fcketici cennetinin, tam da hiper-ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi i\u00e7inde, bir anlamda ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00f6zs\u00fcz, maddi ataletten yoksun oldu\u011fu deneyimidir.<\/p>\n
Demek ki mesele sadece, Hollywood’un a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktan ve maddi ata\u00adletten yoksun bir ger\u00e7ek hayat sureti sahnelemesi meselesi de\u011fil \u00adge\u00e7 kapitalist t\u00fcketim toplumunda, “ger\u00e7ek toplumsal hayat”\u0131n ken\u00addisi, bir \u015fekilde, sahnelenmi\u015f bir d\u00fczmecenin \u00f6zelliklerini ediniyor, kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z “ger\u00e7ek hayar’ta sahneye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f akt\u00f6rler ve fig\u00fcran\u00adlar gibi davran\u0131yorlar … Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kapitalist, faydac\u0131, tinsellikten \u00adar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f evrenin nihai hakikati, “ger\u00e7ek hayat”\u0131n kendisinin maddilikten-ar\u0131nmas\u0131, bir hayaletler \u015fovuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesidir. Ba\u015fka bir\u00e7ok yazar gibi Christopher Isherwood da, Amerikan g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n\u0131n, motel odas\u0131yla \u00f6rneklenen ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmi\u015fti:<\/p>\n
“Amerikan motel’leri ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r! \/ .. .\/ Kasten ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131 olacak \u015fe\u00adkilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \/… \/ Avrupal\u0131lar bizden nefret ediyorlar, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bizler, t\u0131pk\u0131 tefekk\u00fcre dalmak i\u00e7in ma\u011faralara giren m\u00fcnzevi\u00adler gibi, reklamlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7inde ya\u015famaya \u00e7ekilmi\u015f durumday\u0131z.” Pe\u00adter Sloterdijk’\u0131n “k\u00fcre” kavram\u0131 burada d\u00fcz anlam\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f\u00adtir: B\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehri ku\u015fatan ve tecrit eden dev metal k\u00fcre. Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce, Zardoz’dan Logan’\u0131n Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131’na bir dizi bilimkurgu filmi, bu fantazi\u00adyi cemaati de kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fleterek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn postmo\u00addern m\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcl vaziyetini \u00f6nceden haber vermi\u015flerdi: D\u0131\u015fa kapal\u0131 bir alanda mikropsuz bir hayat ya\u015fayan tecrit edilmi\u015f grup, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyan\u0131n maddi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme deneyimini \u00f6zler.<\/p>\n
Wachowski biraderlerin hit filmi Matrix (1999) bu mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 son noktas\u0131na vard\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Hepimizin etraf\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00f6r\u00fcp ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z maddi ger\u00e7eklik, hepimizin ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu devasa bir mega-bilgisayar taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lan ve e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcmlenen sanal bir ger\u00e7ekliktir; (Keanu Reeves’in oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131) kahraman “ger\u00e7ek ger\u00e7eklik”te uyand\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, yan\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f harabelerle dolu \u0131ss\u0131z bir manzara g\u00f6r\u00fcr – k\u00fcresel sa\u00adva\u015ftan sonra \u015eikago’dan geriye bunlar kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Direni\u015f lideri Morpheus onu \u015fu ironik ifadeyle selamlar: “Ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcne ho\u015fgeldin.” 11 Eyl\u00fcl’de New York’ta benzer \u015feyler olmad\u0131 m\u0131? New York sakinleri o g\u00fcn “ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fc”yle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131 – ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan manzaran\u0131n ve \u00e7\u00f6ken kulelerden yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z karelerin, Hollywood’un yozla\u015f\u00adt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bizlere, b\u00fcy\u00fck felaket prod\u00fcksiyonlar\u0131ndaki en nefes kesici sahneleri hat\u0131rlatmamas\u0131 imkans\u0131zd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bombalamalar\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle beklenmedik bir \u015fok oldu\u011fu, akla ha\u00adyale gelmeyecek imkans\u0131z’\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor; o zaman 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndaki \u00f6teki belirleyici felaketi, Titanik felaketini ha\u00adt\u0131rlamal\u0131y\u0131z: O da bir \u015foktu, ama Titanik 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sanayi uygar\u00adl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kudretini simgele\u015ftirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, ideolojik fantazilerde b\u00f6yle bir felakete \u00e7oktan yer ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayn\u0131 \u015fey bu bombalamalar i\u00e7in de ge\u00ad\u00e7erli de\u011fil mi? Medyan\u0131n bizi ter\u00f6rist tehdit laflar\u0131yla s\u00fcrekli bombard\u0131mana u\u011fratmas\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6tesinde, bu tehdide bariz bir libidinal yat\u0131r\u0131mda da bulunuluyordu – New York’tan Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f’tan Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k G\u00fcn\u00fc’ne uzanan filmler dizisini hat\u0131rlay\u0131n. Sald\u0131r\u0131larla Hollywood felaket filmleri aras\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k kurulan ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi de bu\u00adrada yat\u0131yor: Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u0130mkans\u0131z fantazi nesnesiydi, yani Amerika bir bak\u0131ma fantazisini kurdu\u011fu \u015feyi elde etmi\u015f oldu ki en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00fcrpriz de buydu.<\/p>\n
Tam da \u015fu anda, bir felaketin \u00e7i\u011f ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu\u00admuz zamanda, onun alg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen ideolojik ve fantazma\u00adtik koordinatlar\u0131 ak\u0131lda tutmam\u0131z gerekiyor. D\u00fcnya Ticaret Merkezi kulelerinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde herhangi bir simgecilik varsa, bu, eski moda “mali kapitalizmin merkezi” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fil, DTM kulelerinin sa\u00adnal kapitalizmin, maddi \u00fcretim alan\u0131ndan kopmu\u015f mali spek\u00fclasyon\u00adlar\u0131n merkezine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldikleri anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda aranmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bombala\u00adr\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 parampar\u00e7a edici etki, ancak bug\u00fcn dijitalle\u015fmi\u015f Birinci D\u00fcnya’y\u0131 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya’daki “Ger\u00e7e\u011fin \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fc”nden ay\u0131ran s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7iz\u00adgisi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. U\u011fursuz bir failin bizi s\u00fcrekli imha etmekle tehdit etti\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini do\u011furan \u015fey, yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yapay bir evrende ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmam\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 itibariyle, bombalamalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki beyin oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenilen Usame Bin Ladin, James Bond filmlerinin \u00e7o\u011fundaki ba\u015f su\u00e7lu olan, k\u00fcresel y\u0131k\u0131m eylemleri tezgahlayan Ernst Stavro Blofeld’in ger\u00e7ek hayattaki muadili de\u011fil midir? Bu noktada \u015funu ha\u00adt\u0131rlamak gerekir ki Hollywood filmlerinde b\u00fct\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011fu i\u00e7inde \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecini bir tek, James Bond’un ba\u015f su\u00e7lunun gizli b\u00f6lgesine s\u0131z\u0131p burada yo\u011fun emek harcanan (uyu\u015fturucular\u0131n ar\u0131t\u0131l\u0131p paketlen\u00admesi, New York’u havaya u\u00e7uracak bir roketin in\u015fas\u0131) fabrikan\u0131n ye\u00adrini tesbit etti\u011fi zaman g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Ba\u015f su\u00e7lunun Bond’u ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra, onu \u00e7o\u011funlukla yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 fabrikas\u0131nda bir tura \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131, Hollywood’un bir fabrikadaki \u00fcretimin toplumcu-ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i, gururlu sunumuna en yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman de\u011fil midir? Bond’un m\u00fcdahalesinin i\u015flevi de, tabii ki, \u00fcretim mekan\u0131n\u0131 havaya u\u00e7urarak “i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n or\u00adtadan kayboldu\u011fu” bir d\u00fcnyada s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz g\u00fcndelik hayat sure\u00adtine d\u00f6nmemizi sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. DTM kulelerinin patlamas\u0131yla, tehditkar D\u0131\u015far\u0131’ya y\u00f6nelik bu \u015fiddet bize geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f olmuyor mu?<\/p>\n
Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcvenli K\u00fcre, ayn\u0131 zamanda hem kendilerini g\u00f6zlerini k\u0131rpmadan feda eden hem de korkak olan, hem son derece zeki hem de ilkel barbarlar olan ter\u00f6rist sald\u0131rganla\u00adr\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir D\u0131\u015far\u0131’n\u0131n tehdidi alt\u0131ndaym\u0131\u015f gibi deneyimlen\u00admekte. Ne zaman b\u00f6yle kat\u0131ks\u0131z k\u00f6t\u00fc bir D\u0131\u015far\u0131’yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelsek, Hegel’in verdi\u011fi dersi onaylama cesaretini bulmam\u0131z gerekir: Bu kat\u0131ks\u0131z D\u0131\u015far\u0131’da, kendi \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn imbikten ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f versiyonunu g\u00f6rmemiz gerekir. Son be\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r, “medeni” Bat\u0131’n\u0131n (g\u00f6re\u00adce) refah\u0131 ve huzuru, ac\u0131mas\u0131z \u015fiddet ve y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131n “barbar” D\u0131\u015far\u0131’ya ihra\u00e7 edilmesiyle sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Amerika’n\u0131n fethinden Kongo’daki katliama kadar uzanan uzun hikaye. Kula\u011fa her ne kadar ac\u0131mas\u0131z ve umursamaz gelse de, bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek etkisinin ger\u00e7ek ol\u00admaktan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde simgesel oldu\u011funu, her zamankin\u00adden fazla, akl\u0131m\u0131zda tutmam\u0131z gerekir: Afrika’da, her Allah\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fc, DTM’nin \u00e7\u00f6kmesinin b\u00fct\u00fcn kurbanlar\u0131ndan daha fazla say\u0131da insan A\u0130DS’ten \u00f6l\u00fcyor ve g\u00f6rece ufak mali \u00f6nlemlerle bu insanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kolayca \u00f6nlenebilir. ABD, Saraybosna’dan Grozni’ye, Ruanda’dan Kongo ve Sierra Leone’ye d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131nda her g\u00fcn olup bitenlerin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ya\u015fad\u0131 sadece. New York’taki du\u00adruma tecav\u00fczc\u00fc \u00e7eteleri ve sokaklarda y\u00fcr\u00fcyen insanlara k\u00f6rlemesi\u00adne ate\u015f a\u00e7an bir d\u00fczine kadar ni\u015fanc\u0131y\u0131 eklersek, on y\u0131l \u00f6nce Saray\u00adbosna’n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir durumda oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin bir fikir edinebiliriz.<\/p>\n
\u0130ki DTM kulesinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc TV ekran\u0131ndan seyretti\u011fimizde, “re\u00adality TV \u015fovlar\u0131”n\u0131n sahteli\u011fini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu: Bu \u015fovlar “ger\u00e7ek” olsa bile, insanlar bunlarda yine de rol yaparlar kendile\u00adrini oynarlar. Romanlar\u0131n klasik tekzibi (“bu metindeki ki\u015filer kur\u00admacad\u0131r, ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerle her t\u00fcrl\u00fc benzerlik tesad\u00fcften ibarettir”), “reality \u015fov” programlar\u0131na kat\u0131lanlar i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir: Ger\u00e7ek ha\u00adyat i\u00e7inde kendilerini oynasalar da, orada kurmaca ki\u015filer g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. “Ger\u00e7e\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fe” farkl\u0131 yorumlar da getirilebilir elbette: Baz\u0131 mu\u00adhafazakarlar\u0131n, bizi b\u00f6yle yaralanabilir hale getiren \u015feyin tam da a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011fu iddialar\u0131n\u0131 duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131k bile arka planda bundan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonu\u00e7, “hayat tarz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131” ko\u00adrumak istiyorsak, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan “suistimal edi\u00adlen” \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerimizin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 feda etmemiz gerekti\u011fidir tabii ki. Bu mant\u0131k b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle reddedilmelidir: Birinci D\u00fcnyal\u0131 “a\u00e7\u0131k” \u00fclke\u00adlerimizin b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k tarihinde en \u00e7ok kontrol edilen toplumlar oldu\u011fu bir. vak\u0131a de\u011fil midir? \u0130ngiltere’de, otob\u00fcslerden al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezlerine b\u00fct\u00fcn kamu alanlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli kamerayla izleniyor; b\u00fc\u00adt\u00fcn dijital ileti\u015fim bi\u00e7imlerinin neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kontrol edildi\u011finden hi\u00e7 bahsetmeyelim.<\/p>\n
Yine George Will gibi sa\u011fc\u0131 yorumcular hemen, Amerika’n\u0131n “ta\u00adrihten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mola”n\u0131n sonunun geldi\u011fini -ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin darbesinin li\u00adberal ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc tutumun yal\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kulesini ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar okulunun metinsellik \u00fczerindeki oda\u011f\u0131n\u0131 parampar\u00e7a etti\u011fini- ilan ettiler. \u015eimdi, bir darbe de biz indirmek, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyadaki ger\u00e7ek d\u00fc\u015fmanlarla cebelle\u015fmek zorunday\u0131z, onlara g\u00f6re\u2026 \u0130yi de, darbeyi kime indirece\u011fiz? Verilen cevap ne olursa olsun, hi\u00e7bir zaman do\u011f\u00adru hedefi vuramayacak, bizi tam olarak tatmin edemeyecektir. Ame\u00adrika’n\u0131n Afganistan’a sald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc apa\u00e7\u0131k ortada: D\u00fcn\u00adyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin \u00e7orak tepelerde zar zor ya\u015famaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en yoksul \u00fclkelerinden birini imha ederse, bu iktidars\u0131zl\u0131ktan kaynaklanan eylemin en u\u00e7 \u00f6rne\u011fi olmayacak m\u0131d\u0131r? Asl\u0131nda Afganistan ideal bir hedeftir: Zaten harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f, hi\u00e7\u00adbir altyap\u0131s\u0131 olmayan, son yirmi y\u0131ld\u0131r sava\u015flar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden tekrar tek\u00adrar y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fclke … Afganistan tercihinin ekonomik kayg\u0131lar tara\u00adf\u0131ndan da belirlenece\u011fi sonucuna varmak da ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz: Tutulacak en iyi yol, insan\u0131n \u00f6fkesini, kimsenin umursamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve y\u0131k\u0131lacak hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi olmayan bir \u00fclkeden \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 de\u011fil midir? Ne yaz\u0131k ki b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla Afganistan’\u0131n se\u00e7ilecek olmas\u0131, kaybetti\u011fi anahtar\u0131\u00adn\u0131 sokak lambas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda arayan deli f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor insana; adama anahtar\u0131n\u0131 arkadaki karanl\u0131k k\u00f6\u015fede kaybetti\u011fi halde niye orada arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorulunca “ama \u0131\u015f\u0131kta aramak daha kolay oluyor” de\u00admi\u015f hani. Kabil’in \u015fu anda zaten Manhattan’\u0131n merkezi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u00adyor olmas\u0131 son derece ironik de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n
\u015eu anda harekete ge\u00e7ip misillemede bulunma itkisine yenik d\u00fc\u015f\u00admek demek, tam da, 11 Eyl\u00fcl’de olup bitenlerin ger\u00e7ek boyutlar\u0131yla hesapla\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7mak demektir – ger\u00e7ek amac\u0131, bizi ger\u00e7ekte hi\u00e7\u00adbir \u015feyin de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fine inand\u0131rarak uyutmak olan bir eyleme giri\u015fmek demektir. Uzun vadeli ger\u00e7ek tehditler, DTM binalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn yanlar\u0131nda soluk kalaca\u011f\u0131 ba\u015fka kitlesel ter\u00f6r eylemleridir \u00adonun kadar seyirlik olmayan, ama \u00e7ok daha korkun\u00e7 eylemler. Bak\u00adteriyolojik sava\u015fa, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl gazlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ne dersiniz, peki ya DNA ter\u00f6rizmi (sadece belli bir genoma sahip olan insanlar\u0131 etkile\u00adyecek zehirler geli\u015ftirme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131)? \u00c7abucak \u00f6fke bo\u015falt\u0131c\u0131 eylemle\u00adre giri\u015fmek yerine, \u015fu zor sorularla hesapla\u015fmak gerekir: 21. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u00adda “sava\u015f” ne anlama gelecek? “Onlar”, e\u011fer devletler ya da su\u00e7 \u00e7e\u00adteleri olmayacaksa, kimler olacak?<\/p>\n
Burada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenen “medeniyetler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 k\u0131smi bir hakikat i\u00e7erir. Ortalama Amerikal\u0131n\u0131n \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n: “Nas\u0131l oluyor da bu insanlar kendi hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 bu kadar hi\u00e7e sayan bir tutum tak\u0131nabiliyorlar?” Bu \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6b\u00fcr y\u00fcz\u00fcnde \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc bir ger\u00e7ek, yani Birinci D\u00fcnya \u00fclkelerinde ya\u015fayan bizlere, insan\u0131n u\u011f\u00adruna kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 feda edebilece\u011fi kamusal ya da evrensel bir Da\u00adva hayal etmenin bile gittik\u00e7e daha zor gelmesi yok mudur? Bomba\u00adlamalardan sonra, Taliban d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 bile Amerikal\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n “ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hissedebildi\u011fi”ni s\u00f6ylerken, Bill Clinton’\u0131n alameti farikas\u0131 olan bu tabirin hegemonik bir ideolojik roloynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 onaylam\u0131\u015f ol\u00admuyor mu? Sanki Birinci D\u00fcnya ile \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya aras\u0131ndaki yar\u0131l\u00adma, gittik\u00e7e daha \u00e7ok, maddi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginlikle dolu uzun, tat\u00adminkar bir hayat s\u00fcrme ile ki\u015finin kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir Dava’ya adamas\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k \u00fczerinden geli\u015fiyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Gelgelelim, bu “medeniyetler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131” anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle redde\u00addilmelidir: Bug\u00fcn tan\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz \u015fey, her medeniyetin kendi i\u00e7in\u00addeki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. \u00dcstelik \u0130slam’la H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tarihine k\u0131yasla\u00admal\u0131 olarak \u015f\u00f6yle bir bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u0130slam’\u0131n (anakronik bir terimle s\u00f6ylersek) “insan haklar\u0131 sicili”nin H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nkinden \u00e7ok daha temiz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz: Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u00fczy\u0131llarda, \u0130slam di\u011fer dinlere kar\u015f\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131ktan \u00e7ok daha ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc bir tutum tak\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Orta\u00e7a\u011f’da, biz Bat\u0131 Avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n antik Yunan miras\u0131na Araplar sa\u00adyesinde tekrar ula\u015fabildi\u011fimizi hat\u0131rlaman\u0131n da zaman\u0131d\u0131r art\u0131k. Bu ger\u00e7ekler, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn korkun\u00e7 eylemlerini hi\u00e7bir suretle hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u00adkarmasa da, \u0130slam’\u0131n “kendisi”ne kay\u0131tl\u0131 bir \u00f6zellikle de\u011fil, modern sosyo-politik ko\u015fullar\u0131n sonucuyla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fumuzu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a kan\u0131tl\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
\u00d6teki’ne atfedilen b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6zellikler ABD ‘nin tam ortas\u0131nda \u00e7oktan mevcuttur: Canice fanatizm mi? Bug\u00fcn ABD’de, (kendi) H\u0131ristiyan\u00adl\u0131k(anlay\u0131\u015f)lar\u0131yla me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir ter\u00f6r uy\u00adgulayan iki milyondan fazla Sa\u011fc\u0131 pop\u00fclist “fundamentalist” vard\u0131r. Amerika bir \u015fekilde onlar\u0131 “bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131”na g\u00f6re, Oklahoma bomba\u00adlamas\u0131ndan sonra ABD Ordusu’nun onlar\u0131 da cezaland\u0131rmas\u0131 m\u0131 ge\u00adrekiyordu? Jerry Falwell ve Pat Robertson’\u0131n bombalamalara verdik\u00adleri tepkiye; su\u00e7u hazc\u0131 materyalizme, liberalizme ve gemi az\u0131ya al\u00adm\u0131\u015f cinselli\u011fe y\u0131k\u0131p bunu Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n, Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00fcnahkar hayat tarzlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeleri y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ABD \u00fczerindeki korumas\u0131n\u0131 kal\u00add\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 olarak alg\u0131lamalar\u0131na ve Amerika’n\u0131n lay\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu\u00ad\u011funu s\u00f6ylemelerine ne demeli? G\u00fcvenli bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131nak olarak Amerika m\u0131? Bir New Yorklu’nun, bombalamalardan sonra, art\u0131k \u015fehrin sokaklar\u0131nda emniyetle y\u00fcr\u00fcnemeyece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesinin ironik yan\u0131 \u015fudur ki, bombalardan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce, New York sokaklar\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frama ya da en az\u0131ndan soyulma tehlikesiyle me\u015fhurdu – bomba\u00adlamalar farkl\u0131 bir \u015fey yapt\u0131ysa o da yeni bir dayan\u0131\u015fma hissinin ge\u00adli\u015fmesine gen\u00e7 Afro-Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n, caddeyi ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in ya\u015fl\u0131 bir Yahudi kad\u0131na yard\u0131m etmeleri gibi, daha birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce hayal bi\u00adle edilemeyecek sahnelere yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi, bombalamalar\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan gelen \u015fu g\u00fcnlerde, san\u00adki travmatik bir olay ile yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 simgesel etki aras\u0131ndaki o e\u015fsiz za\u00adman diliminde -hani bir yerimiz \u00e7ok derin kesilir de ac\u0131s\u0131 dank et\u00admeden \u00f6nce k\u0131sa bir an ge\u00e7er ya, ona benzer bir anda- ikamet edi\u00adyoruz; olaylar\u0131n nas\u0131l simgeselle\u015ftirilece\u011fi, simgesel etkilerinin ne olaca\u011f\u0131, hangi eylemleri hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in bunlara ba\u015fvurulaca\u011f\u0131 belli de\u011fil. Burada, gerilimin son haddine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu anlarda bile, bu ba\u011f otomatik de\u011fil, olumsal. \u015eimdiden ilk u\u011fursuz i\u015faretler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 bile; \u00f6rne\u011fin kamusal s\u00f6ylemin i\u00e7inde eski So\u011fuk Sava\u015f terimi “\u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fcnyal\u0131n\u0131n birdenbire yeniden dirilmesi gibi: \u015eimdi “\u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fcnya” ile karanl\u0131k ve ter\u00f6r g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda bir m\u00fccadele varm\u0131\u015f. Burada sorulmas\u0131 gereken soru \u015fudur elbette: \u00d6zg\u00fcr-olmayan d\u00fcn\u00adyaya ait olanlar kim peki? Mesela, \u00c7in ya da M\u0131s\u0131r bu \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fcnya\u00adn\u0131n birer par\u00e7as\u0131 m\u0131? As\u0131l mesaj, tabii ki, Bat\u0131l\u0131 liberal-demokratik \u00fclkeler ile t\u00fcm di\u011ferleri aras\u0131ndaki eski ayr\u0131m\u0131n bir kez daha g\u00fcnde\u00adme getirildi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
Bombalaman\u0131n ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc, Lenin hakk\u0131ndaki uzunca bir yaz\u0131m\u0131 basmak \u00fczere olan bir dergiden, yaz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ertelemeye karar verdiklerini s\u00f6yleyen bir mesaj ald\u0131m bombalaman\u0131n hemen ard\u0131n\u00addan Lenin hakk\u0131nda bir yaz\u0131 yay\u0131mlaman\u0131n uygunsuz ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fler. Bu, ard\u0131ndan u\u011fursuz ideolojik geli\u015fmelerin, 70’Ierin Al\u00admanyas\u0131’ndakinden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve daha yayg\u0131n yeni bir Berufsver\u00adbot’un (radikalleri istihdam etme yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n) ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131 g\u00f6ste\u00adriyor? Bug\u00fcnlerde, \u015fimdi bir demokrasi m\u00fccadelesi verildi\u011fi c\u00fcmle\u00adsi s\u0131k s\u0131k duyuluyor – do\u011fru, ama bu c\u00fcmleyle genelde kastedilen \u015feyler kastedilmiyor. Daha \u015fimdiden kimi Solcu arkada\u015flar\u0131m b\u00f6yle zor anlarda ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 e\u011fip kendi g\u00fcndemimizi dayatmamanm daha iyi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131lar bana. Kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kuma g\u00f6mmeye y\u00f6nelik bu e\u011filime kar\u015f\u0131, Solun \u015fimdi daha iyi bir analiz sunmas\u0131 ge\u00adrekti\u011finde \u0131srar edilmelidir – aksi takdirde, Sol, gayet s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek kahramanl\u0131klar (s\u00f6zgelimi, rasyonel bir ahla\u00adki eylem modeli sunarak, u\u00e7ak ka\u00e7\u0131ranlan etkisiz hale getiren ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n erken d\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan yolcular\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi: \u0130nsan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde \u00f6lecekse, cesaretini toplay\u0131p ba\u015fka insanlar\u0131n \u00f6lmele\u00adrini engelleyecek \u015fekilde \u00f6lmelidir. .. ) g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011fun\u00adda, siyasi ve ahlaki yenilgisini pe\u015finen ikrar etmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
Ya her yerde i\u015fitilen “11 Eyl\u00fcl’den sonra hi\u00e7bir \u015fey eskisi gibi ol\u00admayacak” laf\u0131na ne demeli? Bu c\u00fcmlenin arkas\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman ge\u00adtirilmemesi manidard\u0131r – asl\u0131nda ne s\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fimizi bilmedi\u00ad\u011fimizde “derin” bir \u015feyler s\u00f6ylermi\u015f gibi yapmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan i\u00e7i bo\u015f bir jestten ibarettir. O zaman buna verece\u011fimiz ilk tepki “Sahi mi?” demek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa ger\u00e7ekten de\u011fi\u015fen tek \u015fey, Amerika’n\u0131n ne t\u00fcr bir d\u00fcnyan\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlamak zorunda kalmas\u0131 de\u011fil mi? \u00d6te yandan, alg\u0131daki bu t\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fiklikler her zaman belli sonu\u00e7lar yarat\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz durumu alg\u0131lama bi\u00e7imimiz, onun i\u00e7inde harekete ge\u00e7me bi\u00e7imimizi belirler. Siyasi bir rejimin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini, \u00f6rne\u011fin 1990’da Do\u011fu Avrupa’daki Kom\u00fcnist rejimlerin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m: Belli bir anda, insanlar birdenbire oyunun bitti\u011finin, Kom\u00fcnist1erin kaybetti\u011finin fark\u0131na vard\u0131lar. Ko\u00adpu\u015f tamamen simgeseldi; “ger\u00e7eklikte” hi\u00e7bir \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015fti – yi\u00adne de, o andan itibaren, rejimin nihai olarak \u00e7\u00f6kmesi birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir mesele haline gelmi\u015fti … Ya 11 Eyl\u00fcl’de ayn\u0131 t\u00fcr bir \u015fey olduysa?<\/p>\n
Bu olay\u0131n ekonomide, ideolojide, siyasette, sava\u015fta nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7\u00adlar yarataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hen\u00fcz bilmiyoruz, ama bir \u015fey kesin: \u015eu ana kadar kendisini bu t\u00fcr \u015fiddete kar\u015f\u0131 \u015ferbetli, bu t\u00fcr \u015feyleri sadece TV ekra\u00adn\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli mesafesinden seyreden bir ada olarak alg\u0131lam\u0131\u015f olan ABD, art\u0131k do\u011frudan i\u015fin i\u00e7indedir. O zaman alternatifler \u015f\u00f6yledir: Amerikal\u0131lar “k\u00fcre”lerini daha da fazla tahkim etmeye mi karar ve\u00adrecekler, yoksa ondan \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 g\u00f6ze almaya m\u0131? Amerika’ya “Bu ne\u00adden bizim ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za geldi? Burada b\u00f6yle \u015feyler olmaz!” \u015feklindeki o son derece ahlaks\u0131zca tutumda \u0131srar edecek, hatta bu tutumu g\u00fc\u00e7\u00adlendirerek tehditkar D\u0131\u015far\u0131’ya kar\u015f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok sald\u0131rganl\u0131k g\u00f6sterme\u00adye, k\u0131sacas\u0131 paranoyakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 eyleme d\u00f6kmeye y\u00f6nelecek; ya da en ni\u00adhayet onu D\u0131\u015f D\u00fcnya’dan ay\u0131ran fantazmatik Perde’nin ard\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u00admay\u0131 g\u00f6ze alacak, Ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fini kabul edecek ve “Bu\u00adrada b\u00f6yle \u015feyler oln\u0131amal\u0131!,’dan “B\u00f6yle \u015feyler hi\u00e7bir yerde olma\u00admal\u0131!” tavr\u0131na o \u00e7ok gecikmi\u015f ge\u00e7i\u015fi yapacakt\u0131r. Bombalamalardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken as\u0131l ders budur: Bu olaylar\u0131n burada bir daha ol\u00admamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama alman\u0131n tek yolu, bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fka herhangi bir yerde olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir. K\u0131sacas\u0131, Amerika bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir par\u00ad\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kendi yaralanabilirli\u011fini tevazuyla kabullenmeyi \u00f6\u011fren\u00admeli, sorumlular\u0131 cezaland\u0131rma i\u015fini cana can katan bir misilleme olarak de\u011fil, \u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc bir g\u00f6rev olarak yapmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Amerika’n\u0131n “tarihten ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mola”, sahte bir molayd\u0131: Ameri\u00adka’n\u0131n huzuru, felaketlerin ba\u015fka yerlerde devam etmesi sayesinde sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bug\u00fcnlerde, hakim bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, D\u0131\u015far\u0131’dan gelip vu\u00adran o a\u011fza al\u0131nmaz K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck’\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki masum bak\u0131\u015f\u0131nkidir – bu bak\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, yine cesaretimizi toplay\u0131p ona Hegel’in \u015fu \u00fcnl\u00fc d\u00fcsturunu uygulamam\u0131z gerekir: K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck, her yan\u0131nda K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck g\u00f6\u00adren masum bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n kendisindedir.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fkan Bush se\u00e7im kampanyas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hayat\u0131ndaki en \u00f6nem\u00adli ki\u015finin \u0130sa oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. \u015eimdi bunu cidden s\u00f6yledi\u011fini kan\u0131tlamak i\u00e7in eline e\u015fsiz bir \u015fans ge\u00e7ti: T\u00fcm Amerikal\u0131lar i\u00e7in ol\u00addu\u011fu gibi, onun i\u00e7in de, “Kom\u015funu sev”, “M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 sev!” anla\u00adm\u0131na gelmelidir! Yoksa hi\u00e7bir anlam\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n
K\u0131r\u0131lgan Temas- \u00c7ev:Tuncay Birkan
Haz\u0131rlayanlar: Tuncay Birkan – B\u00fclent Somay
Metis yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n nihai paranoyak fantazisi, tam bir t\u00fcketici cenne\u00adti olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, masals\u0131 bir Kaliforniya \u015fehrinde ya\u015fayan bir bireyin, birdenbire, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, onu ger\u00e7ek bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fa\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131rmak \u00fczere sahnelenmi\u015f bir d\u00fczmece, bir g\u00f6steri, etra\u00adf\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n da asl\u0131nda devasa bir \u015fovun par\u00e7alar\u0131 olan akt\u00f6rler ve fig\u00fcranlar oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu\u00adnun en son \u00f6rne\u011fi, Jim Carrey’nin, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5919","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-felsefe-genel"},"yoast_head":"\n
K\u0131r\u0131lgan Temas | Slavoj Zizek - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2011\/04\/20\/kirilgan-temas-slavoj-zizek\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u0131r\u0131lgan Temas | Slavoj Zizek\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n nihai paranoyak fantazisi, tam bir t\u00fcketici cenne\u00adti olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, masals\u0131 bir Kaliforniya \u015fehrinde ya\u015fayan bir bireyin, birdenbire, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, onu ger\u00e7ek bir d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fa\u00add\u0131\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131rmak \u00fczere sahnelenmi\u015f bir d\u00fczmece, bir g\u00f6steri, etra\u00adf\u0131ndaki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n da asl\u0131nda devasa bir \u015fovun par\u00e7alar\u0131 olan akt\u00f6rler ve fig\u00fcranlar oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131d\u0131r. 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