{"id":681,"date":"2009-04-16T16:38:48","date_gmt":"2009-04-16T13:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2009\/04\/16\/taocu-meseller-chuang-tzu\/"},"modified":"2009-04-16T16:38:48","modified_gmt":"2009-04-16T13:38:48","slug":"taocu-meseller-chuang-tzu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2009\/04\/16\/taocu-meseller-chuang-tzu\/","title":{"rendered":"Taocu Meseller | Chuang Tzu"},"content":{"rendered":"
Tekvin – Kaos’un \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Denizi’nin hakan\u0131 Sab\u0131rs\u0131z’d\u0131. Kuzey De-nizi’nin hakan\u0131 Savruk’tu. Orta d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n hakan\u0131 ise Kaos’tu.*1 Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z s\u0131k s\u0131k bulu\u015furlard\u0131 Kaos’un \u00fclkesinde. Ve Kaos \u00e7ok dost\u00e7a davran\u0131rd\u0131 onlara. Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z, nas\u0131l \u00f6deriz onun bu iyili\u011fini diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye koyuldular. Dediler ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n yedi deli\u011fi var, g\u00f6rmek, i\u015fitmek, yemek, solumak i\u00e7in, yaln\u0131z onun yok. Bu delikleri ona da a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fal\u0131m.
Her g\u00fcn bir delik a\u00e7t\u0131lar Kaos’a. Yedinci g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda Kaos \u00f6ld\u00fc.2 (7, 7)<\/p>\n

*1 “Sab\u0131rs\u0131z, Savruk, Kaos”: Shu (\u015eu), Hu, Hundun. Kaos, Taoculuk’ta evrenin anas\u0131, farkl\u0131-l\u0131klar\u0131n hen\u00fcz do\u011fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. (Bk.: Giri\u015f’te “Hi\u00e7, Bir, \u0130M”) Eski ustalar\u0131n yorumuna g\u00f6re o, “huzur ve uyumu ” temsil eder.
2 \u00c7inli ke\u015fi\u015f-ozan Han Shan (Han \u015ean, \u0130.S. 7. Yy.) \u015f\u00f6yle yazm\u0131\u015f tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 So\u011fuk Doruk’un kayalar\u0131na:
ne g\u00fczeldi eski kaos g\u00fcnleri
ne kam\u0131m\u0131z ac\u0131lard\u0131 ne \u00e7i\u015fimiz gelirdi
kim geldi de deldi
\u015fu dokuz deli\u011fi ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131za k\u0131\u00e7\u0131m\u0131za
g\u00fcn be g\u00fcn yemek ye giyin
vergi \u00f6de \u00f6fkelen
bir kuru\u015f\u00e7uk i\u00e7in binlercemiz vuru\u015fur
bo\u011faz bo\u011faza ve hayk\u0131r\u0131rlar bo\u011fazlar\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131las\u0131ya (Han \u015ean, So\u011fuk Doruktaki Adam, 49. \u015fiir)<\/p>\n

Yitik \u0130nci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kutlu Sar\u0131 Hakan3 kuzeyde, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sona erdi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n \u00f6tesinde geziyordu. Y\u00fcce da\u011flar\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir tepesine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p g\u00fcneyde, d\u00fcnyadaki geli\u015f-gidi\u015fi seyre dald\u0131 – t\u0131ls\u0131ml\u0131 incisini yitirdi. Bilgi’yi g\u00f6nderdi aramaya, bulamad\u0131. Yarg\u0131’y\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi aramaya, bulamad\u0131. Kayg\u0131’yi g\u00f6nderdi aramaya, bulamad\u0131. Kavram-s\u0131z’\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi aramaya – Kavrams\u0131z buldu.
“Ne tuhaf!” dedi Sar\u0131 Hakan, “Hi\u00e7 biri de\u011fil de Kavrams\u0131z buldu t\u0131ls\u0131ml\u0131 inciyi!”4 (12, 4)
*3 Huang Di (Hvang Di), “Sar\u0131 \u0130mparator” ya da “Sar\u0131 Topraklar Kral\u0131” diye de \u00e7evriliyor S\u00f6ylenceye g\u00f6re Tao-cu ‘lu\u011fu kuran kutlu hakan. Kimi metinlerde “Sar\u0131 Hakan ‘in kutsal kita-b\u0131” diye kaybolmu\u015f bir kitaptan da s\u00f6z edilir.
4 Mesel \u00e7okanlaml\u0131. Yukar\u0131da \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn eski \u00c7inli ustalar-ca benimsenen “yin ” (b\u00e2t\u0131n, i\u00e7rek) yorumunu verdik. Metnin ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan, “yang” (zahir, a\u00e7\u0131k) okunu\u015fu ise \u015f\u00f6yle:
“Huang Di, kuzeyde, k\u0131z\u0131l sular\u0131n \u00f6tesinde geziyordu. Kunlun Da\u011flar\u0131 ‘nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir tepeye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p g\u00fcneyde, d\u00fcnyada olup bitenleri seyre dald\u0131 – kara incisini yitirdi. Zhi’y\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi ara-maya, bulamad\u0131. Lizhu ‘yu g\u00f6nderdi aramaya, bulamad\u0131. Chigou’u g\u00f6nderdi aramaya, bula-mad\u0131. Xiang-wang’\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi aramaya – Xiangwang buldu… “
“K\u0131z\u0131l sular”, ya kurgusal bir K\u0131z\u0131l-Nehir, ya da g\u00fcne\u015fin batt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer, ufuk demek. Karanl\u0131k “kuzey” ve \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 “g\u00fcney” Yin ve Yang’d\u0131r. “Kunlun”, Uygur \u00fclkesindeki s\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131n ad\u0131. T\u0131l-s\u0131ml\u0131 “kara inci”, Tao’yu temsil eder. Zh\u00ee “bilgi”, Li-zhu “zihnia\u00e7\u0131k-k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131”ya da “berrak-kristal”, Chi-gou “doymaz-huzursuz”ya da “ac\u0131-tart\u0131\u015fma”, Xiang-wang “fildi\u015fi-budala” ya da “kavrams\u0131z” demek.<\/div>\n

Bal\u0131klar\u0131n Sevinci<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chuang Tzu ile Hui Zi5 kentin savunma kanal\u0131 boyunca keyifle geziyorlard\u0131. Chuang Tzu dedi ki, “\u015eu bal\u0131klar varolu\u015flanyla uyum i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l da oyna\u015f\u0131yorlar. \u015eunlardaki sevince bak\u0131n!”
Hui Zi, “Siz bal\u0131k de\u011filsiniz,” dedi; “nereden biliyorsunuz bal\u0131klar\u0131n sevincini?” Chuang Tzu yan\u0131tlad\u0131: “Siz ben de\u011filsiniz; nereden biliyorsunuz benim bal\u0131klar\u0131n sevincini bilmedi\u011fimi?” Hui Zi “Ben siz de\u011filim, do\u011fru, ger\u00e7ekten de bilemem sizi,” dedi: “Ama siz de bal\u0131k de\u011filsiniz; \u00f6yleyse siz de bal\u0131klar\u0131n sevincini bilemezsiniz!”
“Konu\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6nelim l\u00fctfen,” dedi Chuang Tzu: “Siz, bal\u0131klar\u0131n sevincini nas\u0131l bi-liyorsun, diye sordunuz. B\u00f6yle sordunuz ya, siz biliyorsunuz bu sevinci bildi\u011fimi! Ama madem sordunuz, s\u00f6yleyeyim: Ben bunu, k\u0131y\u0131 boyunca keyifle gezerek biliyorum.6 ” (17, 12)
*5 Hui Zi (Huy Dz\u0131) ya da Hui Shi (Huy \u015e\u0131): Chuang Tzu ‘mn dostu ve kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc mant\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 filozof.
*6 Chuang Tzu yarat\u0131m daha “Siz biliyorsunuz bu sevinci bildi\u011fim” s\u00f6zleriyle veriyor. O, “Siz ben de\u011filsiniz…” derken de Hui Zi’run Chuang Tzu’y\u0131 bildi\u011fi gibi, t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar\u0131n da birbirini bildiklerini g\u00f6stermi\u015f, ama Hui Zi bu s\u00f6zleri, “Siz beni bilemezsiniz..- ” gibi, yanl\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
“Bilmedi\u011fini bilmek b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckt\u00fcr
Bildi\u011fini bilmemek hastal\u0131k”
(Tao Te Ching, 71 .mesel) Burada, do\u011fan\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle uyum yetene\u011fimizden kaynaklanan bir \u00f6zbilgi s\u00f6zkonusu.

Kelebek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chuang Chou7 bir g\u00fcn kelebek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde: Sevin\u00e7le kanat \u00e7\u0131rpan, mutlu, Chuang Chou diye birinden haberi bile olmayan bir kelebek. Uya-n\u0131verdi birden: \u0130\u015fte yine basbaya\u011f\u0131 Chuang Chou olmu\u015ftu! Bilmem ki, acaba Chuang Chou mu g\u00f6rd\u00fc kelebek oldu\u011fu-nu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, yoksa Chuang Chou oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015fleyen kelebek mi?8
Oysa Chuang Chou ile kelebek ku\u015fkusuz birbirlerinden farkl\u0131d\u0131rlar, de\u011fil mi?9 Varl\u0131klar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi derler i\u015fte buna! (2, 12)<\/p>\n

*7 Chou (Cov), Chuang Tzu’n\u0131n \u00f6z ad\u0131d\u0131r.
8 Bu i\u00e7eri\u011fe uygun olarak, iki \u00f6nceki c\u00fcmledeki “uyan\u0131ver-di” (jue) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00c7ince d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn-simgesi, tam tersi anlamda “uyuyakald\u0131” (jiao) diye de okunabilir!
*9Chuang Tzu burada da bir kelime oyunu yap\u0131yor: “Farkl\u0131” (fen) s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan d\u00fc\u015fun-simgenin \u00e7ok-anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bunu, “Chuang Chou ile kelebek ku\u015fkusuz birbir-lerine ortakt\u0131rlar, ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131rlar” diye de okumak olanakl\u0131.

U\u011fursuzluk Zinciri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chuang Chou Sivri Tepe park\u0131nda gezmeye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00fcneyden tuhaf bir ku\u015fun u\u00e7up geldi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc: Ku\u015fun kanatlar\u0131 yedi ayak geni\u015fli\u011findeydi. G\u00f6zleri ba\u015fparma\u011f\u0131m kadard\u0131. Ge\u00e7erken Chuang Chou’un ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131 ve kestane korusuna dald\u0131. “Bu ne bi\u00e7im ku\u015f b\u00f6yle?” dedi Chuang Chou: “Koskoca kanatlar\u0131 var, do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst u\u00e7am\u0131yor! Koskoca g\u00f6zleri var, do\u011fru d\u00fcr\u00fcst g\u00f6remiyor!” Eteklerini toplay\u0131p tatarokunu omuzuna vurarak pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
Tam ku\u015fa ni\u015fan al\u0131yordu ki, g\u00f6z\u00fcne bir a\u011fustos-b\u00f6ce\u011fi ili\u015fti: Hayvanca\u011f\u0131z g\u00fczel, g\u00f6lgeli bir k\u00f6\u015fe bulmu\u015f, keyfinden t\u00fcm tehlikeleri unutmu\u015ftu. Onu g\u00f6ren bir peygamberb\u00f6ce\u011fi k\u0131ska\u00e7la-r\u0131n\u0131 uzatt\u0131 ve a\u011fus-tosb\u00f6ce\u011fini yakalad\u0131. G\u00f6zleri yaln\u0131zca av\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyordu \u015fimdi, ve bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her \u015feyi unutmu\u015ftu. O tuhaf ku\u015f atlad\u0131 birden \u00fcst\u00fcne ve yakalad\u0131 peygam-berb\u00f6ce\u011fini. Ku\u015fun da g\u00f6zleri \u015fimdi yaln\u0131zca av\u0131n-
dayd\u0131 ve kendi ger\u00e7ek do\u011fasm\u0131 unutmu\u015ftu.
Chuang Chou duyguland\u0131: “Ah, ne tuhaf \u015fu canl\u0131lar. Nas\u0131l da birbirlerine ya\u015fam\u0131 dar ediyor ve bununla kendi felaketlerini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorlar!” Elinden att\u0131 tatarokunu ve geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Yolda bir bah\u00e7\u0131van \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131ra \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ra parktan att\u0131 onu!
Chuang Chou evine d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve \u00fc\u00e7 ay kimseye g\u00f6r\u00fcnmedi. Sonunda biri evine gelip sordu: “Us-ta, bu kadar zamand\u0131r neden hi\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyorsunuz?”
Chuang Chou yan\u0131t verdi: “D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya tak\u0131l\u0131p kald\u0131\u011f\u0131mdan, kendi benli\u011fimi unuttum. Bula-n\u0131k suya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131mdan, berrak derinlikler ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Oysa ustam s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti, bir kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131n m\u0131 d\u00fcnya i\u015fine, onun kurallar\u0131na uymaktan kurtulamazs\u0131n diye!
Sivri Tepe’ye gezmeye \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ba\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7arp\u0131p kestane korusuna dalan ve orada ger\u00e7ek do-\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 unutan o tuhaf ku\u015f gibi, ben de unutmu\u015ftum ger\u00e7ek do\u011fam\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden ka\u00e7ak avc\u0131 diye kovdu beni orman\u0131n korucusu. \u0130\u015fte bundan kimsenin y\u00fcz\u00fcne bakamad\u0131m bu kadar zamandan beri!” (20, 8)<\/p>\n

Hakan ve Bilge<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kutlu Hakan Yao10, taht\u0131n\u0131 bilge Xuyu’ye11 b\u0131rakmak istiyordu. Ona dedi ki: “Ay ve g\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fduktan sonra mumunu s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeyenin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6n\u00fck kalmaz m\u0131? Ya\u011fmur mevsimi ba\u015flad\u0131k-tan sonra bostan\u0131n\u0131 sulamaya devam edenin \u00e7abas\u0131 bo\u015fa gitmez mi? Siz tahta ge\u00e7ecek olsan\u0131z \u00fclke huzura kavu\u015facak; ben h\u00e2l\u00e2 tahtta kalmak istersem, orada bo\u015funa yer tutar duruma gelmez miyim? Rica ediyorum, \u00fclkenin y\u00f6netimini aln\u0131!”
Xuyu yan\u0131t verdi: “Siz \u00fclkeyi yeterince d\u00fczene sokmu\u015fsunuz. Art\u0131k \u00fclke d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu-na g\u00f6re, ben yaln\u0131zca bir ad m\u0131 olay\u0131m? Ad ger\u00e7e\u011fin konu\u011fudur, ben yaln\u0131zca konuk mu ola-y\u0131m?
\u00c7al\u0131ku\u015fu yuvas\u0131n\u0131 orman\u0131n derinliklerine kurar ama, tek dalla yetinir. K\u00f6stebek suyunu geni\u015f \u0131rmaktan i\u00e7er ama, ancak karn\u0131n\u0131 doyuracak kadar. D\u00f6n\u00fcn yurdunuza, vazge\u00e7in bu sevdadan beyim! Sizin taht\u0131n\u0131zla bir al\u0131\u015f veri\u015fim yok benim. Deyin ki a\u015f\u00e7\u0131ba\u015f\u0131 mutfa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli tuta-m\u0131yor da olsa, ba\u015frahip kutsal kupalar\u0131n\u0131, kurban kaplar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fneyip ge\u00e7er de, onun yerini al-maya ko\u015far m\u0131 hi\u00e7?”12-13 (l, 2)<\/p>\n

*10Yao: Sar\u0131 Hakan ‘\u0131 izleyen kutlu hakan.
11Xu Yu (\u015e\u00fc-y\u00fc): Eski \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131n s\u00f6ylencesel bir bilgesi.
12 \u00c7ince’de h\u00e2l\u00e2 “a\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n yerini almaya ko\u015farken kurban kab\u0131m \u00e7i\u011fneyip ge\u00e7mek” diye bir deyim var.
13 Bir ba\u015fka anlat\u0131ma g\u00f6re, Yao’nun \u00f6nerisinin hemen ard\u0131ndan Xuyu \u0131rmak k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na ko\u015fmu\u015f, bu \u00f6neri ile kirlenen kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kam\u0131\u015f. (Bk.: Han \u015ean, sayfa 62)<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tekvin – Kaos’un \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc G\u00fcney Denizi’nin hakan\u0131 Sab\u0131rs\u0131z’d\u0131. Kuzey De-nizi’nin hakan\u0131 Savruk’tu. Orta d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n hakan\u0131 ise Kaos’tu.*1 Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z s\u0131k s\u0131k bulu\u015furlard\u0131 Kaos’un \u00fclkesinde. Ve Kaos \u00e7ok dost\u00e7a davran\u0131rd\u0131 onlara. Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z, nas\u0131l \u00f6deriz onun bu iyili\u011fini diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye koyuldular. Dediler ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n yedi deli\u011fi var, g\u00f6rmek, i\u015fitmek, yemek, solumak i\u00e7in, yaln\u0131z onun yok. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-681","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-din"},"yoast_head":"\nTaocu Meseller | Chuang Tzu - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2009\/04\/16\/taocu-meseller-chuang-tzu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Taocu Meseller | Chuang Tzu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tekvin – Kaos’un \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc G\u00fcney Denizi’nin hakan\u0131 Sab\u0131rs\u0131z’d\u0131. Kuzey De-nizi’nin hakan\u0131 Savruk’tu. Orta d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n hakan\u0131 ise Kaos’tu.*1 Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z s\u0131k s\u0131k bulu\u015furlard\u0131 Kaos’un \u00fclkesinde. Ve Kaos \u00e7ok dost\u00e7a davran\u0131rd\u0131 onlara. Savrukla Sab\u0131rs\u0131z, nas\u0131l \u00f6deriz onun bu iyili\u011fini diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye koyuldular. Dediler ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n yedi deli\u011fi var, g\u00f6rmek, i\u015fitmek, yemek, solumak i\u00e7in, yaln\u0131z onun yok. 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