{"id":6954,"date":"2018-08-01T00:13:41","date_gmt":"2018-07-31T21:13:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2018\/08\/01\/latin-amerika-gencligine-ernesto-che-guevara\/"},"modified":"2018-08-01T00:13:41","modified_gmt":"2018-07-31T21:13:41","slug":"latin-amerika-gencligine-ernesto-che-guevara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2018\/08\/01\/latin-amerika-gencligine-ernesto-che-guevara\/","title":{"rendered":"Latin Amerika Gen\u00e7li\u011fine | Ernesto Che Guevara"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u00e7inizden farkl\u0131 politik e\u011filimlere sahip bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi, d\u00fcn sorduklar\u0131 gibi, yar\u0131n soracaklar\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn de soruyorlar K\u00fcba devrimi nedir? \u0130deolojisi nas\u0131ld\u0131r? Hemen ard\u0131ndan da dostun-d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n bu durumda sordu\u011fu \u015fu soru gelir: “K\u00fcba devrimi, kom\u00fcnist bir devrim midir?” Kimisi umutla evet diye cevap verir, ya da kom\u00fcnizm yolu \u00fczerinde ilerledi\u011fini s\u00f6yler, kimisi belki biraz d\u00fc\u015fk\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde evet diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr, daha ba\u015fkalar\u0131 yine d\u00fc\u015fk\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ”hay\u0131r” der, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da umutlu, ”hay\u0131r” diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu devrimin kom\u00fcnist olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bana sorulsayd\u0131, kom\u00fcnistli\u011fin ne oldu\u011funu iyice belirledikten sonra, her\u015feyi birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran emperyalizmden ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fc\u00e7lerden gelen su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 da bir yana b\u0131rakarak, bu devrimin marksist oldu\u011funu -dikkat ederseniz marksist, diyorum- \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kendi y\u00f6ntemleriyle Marx’\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi yolu buldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerdim.<\/p>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin se\u00e7kin ki\u015filiklerinden, \u00f6teden beri marksist olan Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mikoyan, daha ge\u00e7enlerde, K\u00fcba Devrimi’nin sonsuza kadar varolmas\u0131 dile\u011finde bulunurken, bunun, Marx’\u0131n \u00f6nceden g\u00f6remedi\u011fi bir tarihi olay oldu\u011funu kabul ediyor, hayat\u0131n, en bilimsel kitaptan, en derin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrden daha \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fini belirtiyordu.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcba devrimi, sloganlarla u\u011fra\u015fmaks\u0131z\u0131n, kimin ne s\u00f6yledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7abalamaks\u0131z\u0131n, K\u00fcba halk\u0131n\u0131n isteklerini her an g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne alarak ilerledi ve birdenbire, halka mutluluk getirdi\u011fini (ya da bu mutlulu\u011fu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere oldu\u011funu) ayr\u0131ca, dost-d\u00fc\u015fman herkesin merakl\u0131 bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n, t\u00fcm k\u0131tan\u0131n umut dolu, tekel krallar\u0131n\u0131nsa \u00f6fke dolu bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n adan\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7evrildi\u011fini farketti.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar, bug\u00fcnden yar\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilecek \u015feyler de\u011fildir. \u0130zin verirseniz, size, g\u00fcncel devrimci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin nas\u0131l do\u011fdu\u011fu konusunda dinamik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kazand\u0131racak ve benzeri ko\u015fullarda ba\u015fka halklara fayda sa\u011flayacak olan kendi deneyiminden s\u00f6zedeyim. Ger\u00e7ekte bug\u00fcnk\u00fc K\u00fcba devrimi, zaferden sonra bile, d\u00fcnk\u00fc K\u00fcba devrimine benzemez. Dibi su alan bir gemiyle Sierra Maestra’ya varmak i\u00e7in Meksika K\u00f6rfezi’nin tehlikeli b\u00f6lgelerini a\u015fmak \u00fczere denize a\u00e7\u0131lan, seksen iki gen\u00e7le bug\u00fcnk\u00fc K\u00fcba’n\u0131n temsilcileri aras\u0131ndaki uzakl\u0131k y\u0131llarla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez, en az\u0131ndan, yirmi d\u00f6rt saatlik g\u00fcnlerle, altm\u0131\u015f dakikal\u0131k saatlerle hesaplanamaz. K\u00fcba H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcyeleri, ya\u015f bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da, karakter bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da, co\u015fku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da gen\u00e7tiler , ama deneyimin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00fcniversitesinde, ve halkla, onun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00f6zlemleriyle kurduklar\u0131 canl\u0131 ba\u011flar sayesinde olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Hepimiz de, g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde K\u00fcba topraklar\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir par\u00e7as\u0131na varmay\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar ve kahramanca eylemler, \u00f6l\u00fcmler ve g\u00f6steriler aras\u0131nda iktidar\u0131 almay\u0131, diktat\u00f6r Batista’y\u0131 yurttan kovmay\u0131 istemi\u015ftik. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn deste\u011findeki katiller ordusunca desteklenen bir h\u00fck\u00fcmeti yenmenin hi\u00e7 de kolay olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tarih bize \u00f6\u011fretti.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece, t\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimiz yava\u015f yava\u015f de\u011fi\u015fti. Biz, kent \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye, onun ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k iste\u011fine ve d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sayg\u0131 duymay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendik; y\u00fczy\u0131llardan beridir elinden kopar\u0131l\u0131p al\u0131nan topra\u011f\u0131na duydu\u011fu \u00f6zlemi hakl\u0131 bulmay\u0131, da\u011flar\u0131n binlerce patikas\u0131nda dola\u015farak edindi\u011fi deneyimine de\u011fer vermeyi \u00f6\u011frendik. K\u00f6yl\u00fcler de bizden, elinde t\u00fcfek tutan ve yan\u0131nda ka\u00e7 tane t\u00fcfekli adam bulunursa bulunsun, birinin \u00fczerine ate\u015f etmeye haz\u0131r bir adam\u0131n de\u011ferini \u00f6\u011frendiler.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6yl\u00fcler bize bilgeliklerini \u00f6\u011frettiler, bizse onlara isyanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6\u011frettik. O g\u00fcn bu g\u00fcnd\u00fcr, K\u00fcba k\u00f6yl\u00fcleriyle K\u00fcba Direni\u015f G\u00fc\u00e7leri, bug\u00fcn K\u00fcba Devrimci H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’nin de beraberli\u011finde, yekv\u00fccut olmu\u015flard\u0131r .<\/p>\n

Devrim geli\u015fti, diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 birlikleri Sierra Maestra’n\u0131n dik yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtt\u00fck. Sonra yeni K\u00fcba ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geldik: Tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7isinin olsun, sanayi emek\u00e7isinin olsun, i\u015f\u00e7inin, emek\u00e7inin de bize \u00f6\u011fretece\u011fi bir\u015feyler vard\u0131, biz de ona, belirli bir anda isabetli bir at\u0131\u015f\u0131n, en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve en olumlu bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerden daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve daha olumlu oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frettik. \u00d6rg\u00fctlenmenin de\u011ferini \u00f6\u011frendik ve isyan\u0131n de\u011ferini \u00f6\u011frettik; bu birle\u015fmeden, t\u00fcm K\u00fcba topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ayaklanma do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n

Aradan \u00e7ok zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015fti, art\u0131k kimisi sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131, kimisi sivil halktan su\u00e7suz insanlar olan pek \u00e7ok \u015fehit zafer yolunu belirliyordu. Emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7ler, Sierra Maestra tepelerinde bulunanlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bir e\u015fk\u0131ya grubu, yaln\u0131zca iktidara ge\u00e7mek isteyen bir tak\u0131m h\u0131rsl\u0131 kimseler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bombalar\u0131n\u0131, mermilerini, u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131, tanklar\u0131n\u0131 diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe c\u00f6mert\u00e7e verip bu \u00f6nc\u00fcyle son bir kez yeniden Sierra Maestra’ya t\u0131rmanmay\u0131 denediler.<\/p>\n

Zaman ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve Direni\u015f G\u00fc\u00e7lerimizin y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f kollar\u0131 K\u00fcba’n\u0131n ba\u015fka yerlerini i\u015fgal etmeye gitmi\u015fti. “Frank Pais” ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u0130kinci Do\u011fu Cephesi, Komutan Raul Castro’nun komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda olu\u015fmu\u015ftu bile. T\u00fcm bu avantajlara, kamuoyu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sahip oldu\u011fumuz g\u00fcce ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya bas\u0131n\u0131nda, d\u0131\u015f haberler sayfalar\u0131nda bize ayr\u0131lan s\u00fctunlara kar\u015f\u0131n rejimin onbin asker g\u00f6revlendirdi\u011fi, her \u00e7e\u015fit \u00f6l\u00fcm arac\u0131n\u0131 devreye soktu\u011fu son sald\u0131r\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 koymak i\u00e7in K\u00fcba devriminin yaln\u0131z ve yaln\u0131z ikiy\u00fcz t\u00fcfe\u011fi vard\u0131, ikiy\u00fcz ki\u015fi de\u011fil de, ikiy\u00fcz t\u00fcfek. Bu ikiy\u00fcz t\u00fcfe\u011fin herbirinin \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, \u00f6zveriyle ve kanla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f birer destand\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu silahlar\u0131n herbiri, emperyalizmin t\u00fcfekleriyken \u015fehitlerimizin kan\u0131 ve inanc\u0131yla onurland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, halk\u0131n silahlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ordunun “ku\u015fatma ve yoketme” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n son a\u015famas\u0131 i\u015fte b\u00f6yle ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm Latin Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frencileri, burada marksizmi uyguluyorsak nedeni budur, marksizmi burada ke\u015ffetmemizdir. Askeri birlikler geri \u00e7ekildi\u011finde, onlara binlerce kay\u0131p, bizim toplam sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerimizin be\u015f kat\u0131 kadar kay\u0131p verdirttikten, alt\u0131y\u00fczden fazla silah ele ge\u00e7irdikten sonra, elimize, rastlant\u0131 eseri olarak, Mao Tse-tung’un k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fc ge\u00e7ti… \u00c7in’deki devrimci sava\u015f\u0131n stratejik sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bro\u015f\u00fcrde, diktat\u00f6r \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek’in halk g\u00fc\u00e7lerine kar\u015f\u0131 buradaki gibi “ku\u015fatma ve yoketme” diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131yordu. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n iki ucundaki iki diktat\u00f6r\u00fcn sald\u0131r\u0131 harek\u00e2tlar\u0131na verdikleri adlar ayn\u0131 olmakla kalm\u0131yor, halk g\u00fc\u00e7lerini yoketmeyi denemek i\u00e7in bu iki diktat\u00f6r\u00fcn giri\u015fti\u011fi sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n bi\u00e7imi bile birbirine benziyordu. Halk g\u00fc\u00e7lerine gelince, gerilla sava\u015f\u0131 strateji ve taktiklerini anlatan el kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 okumad\u0131klar\u0131 halde, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6b\u00fcr ucunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen y\u00f6ntemleri benimsemi\u015flerdi. Ger\u00e7ekten de, bir deneyim ortaya at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bundan kim olursa olsun herkes yararlanabilir, fakat daha \u00f6nce ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olan deneyim zorunlu olarak bilinmeden de tekrar\u0131na ba\u015fka yerde rastlanabilir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7inli sava\u015f birliklerinin, \u00fclkelerinde yirmi y\u0131l boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fckleri m\u00fccadelenin kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm deneyimi bilmiyorduk, ama burada, \u00fclkemizde, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131yor ve kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 bilen i\u00e7in \u00e7ok de\u011ferli olan, insan\u0131n omuzlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u015feyden faydalan\u0131yorduk: K\u0131sacas\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yenmek i\u00e7in kafam\u0131z\u0131 kullan\u0131yorduk. B\u00f6ylelikle bozguna u\u011fratt\u0131k d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonra, bat\u0131ya do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. Haberle\u015fme ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 kesildi, ard\u0131ndan da diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kimsenin beklemedi\u011fi anda, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcyle \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc geldi. Arkas\u0131ndan da 1 Ocak. Ve devrim, bir kez daha, okuduklar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131r\u0131na getirmeksizin, ne yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini halk\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi: Her\u015feyden \u00f6nce su\u00e7lular\u0131n cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131lar .<\/p>\n

S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci g\u00fc\u00e7ler derhal bu cezaland\u0131rma eylemlerini cinayet diye nitelendirip, emperyalistlerin her zaman yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck tohumlar\u0131 ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. “Burada cinayet i\u015fleyen, katil kom\u00fcnistler vard\u0131, oysa ki Fidel Castro ad\u0131ndaki su\u00e7suz yurtseverin bu olaylarla hi\u00e7bir ilgisi yoktu, o kurtar\u0131lmal\u0131yd\u0131.” Sahte bahane ve kan\u0131tlarla, ayn\u0131 dava u\u011fruna m\u00fccadele etmi\u015f insanlar\u0131 b\u00f6lmeye \u00e7abal\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bir s\u00fcre bunu ba\u015fard\u0131klar\u0131na inand\u0131lar. Ama, g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde, reform yasas\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131ll\u0131 uslu h\u00fck\u00fcmet dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nerdi\u011fi bi\u00e7imden \u00e7ok daha ciddi, \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc oldu\u011funu farkettiler. S\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fken, bu dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131n, Diario de La Marina’daki Pepin Rivero ve Prensa Libre’deki Medrano’nun, bug\u00fcn Miami’de, ya da Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’nin bir ba\u015fka k\u00f6\u015fesinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtelim. Hatta h\u00fck\u00fcmetimin ba\u015f\u0131nda “Bu t\u00fcr i\u015flerde \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 hareket etmek gerekir” diyerek, \u00e7ok \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 davranmay\u0131 \u00f6neren bir ba\u015fbakan bile vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

“Il\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k” da s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik ajanlar\u0131n\u0131n kullanmay\u0131 sevdi\u011fi kelimelerden biridir. Korkanlar ya da herhangi bir bi\u00e7imde ihanet etmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnenler hep \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r. Halk ise, kesinlikle, hi\u00e7bir zaman \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fildir .<\/p>\n

Bu baylar, k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerde, \u00fczerinde yabani otlar yeti\u015fen topraklar\u0131n k\u00f6yl\u00fclere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6yl\u00fclerin bu yabani otlar\u0131 ay\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyorlard\u0131; k\u00f6yl\u00fcler batakl\u0131klarda, ya da latifundiya(1) sahiplerinin a\u00e7g\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden kurtulan birka\u00e7 par\u00e7a devlet topra\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayabilirlerdi; ama latifundiya sahiplerinin topra\u011f\u0131na el s\u00fcrmek, i\u015flenebilece\u011fini onlar\u0131n ak\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir g\u00fcnaht\u0131. Fakat, buna ra\u011fmen, bu da yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemde, 900 caballeria’dan fazla topra\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Devrimci H\u00fck\u00fcmetle hi\u00e7bir sorunu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen bir bayla konu\u015fmu\u015ftum. 900 caballeria onbin hektardan fazla eder. Elbette, bu bay\u0131n sonradan devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmetle bir tak\u0131m sorunlar\u0131 oldu, topraklar\u0131na el konup k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6yl\u00fcye da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7isinin \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortakla\u015fa i\u015flemeye al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar \u00fczerinde kooperatifler kuruldu.<\/p>\n

Burada, K\u00fcba Devriminin incelenmesi gereken bir \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bu devrim, feodal olmayan toplumsal m\u00fclkiyet bi\u00e7imlerine ula\u015fmay\u0131 hedef alarak, Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131nda ilk tar\u0131m reformunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. Ger\u00e7i t\u00fct\u00fcnde ve kahvede feodal kal\u0131nt\u0131lar h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u00fcr\u00fcp gidiyordu, bu nedenle bu tar\u0131m dallar\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck toprak par\u00e7alar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayan ve bu topra\u011fa sahip olmak isteyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticiye devredildi. Fakat, \u015feker kam\u0131\u015f\u0131, pirin\u00e7, hatta s\u00fcr\u00fc hayvanlar\u0131, K\u00fcba’da s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in, t\u00fcm topraklara ortakla\u015fa sahibolan i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan ortakla\u015fa \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu emek\u00e7ilerin bir kar\u0131\u015f bile topra\u011f\u0131 yoktur, bunlar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck ortakl\u0131\u011fa kooperatif denir. Bu \u00f6nlemler, tar\u0131m reformumuzu h\u0131zla k\u00f6kle\u015ftirmemizi sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130\u00e7inizden her biri, burada, Latin Amerika’da hi\u00e7bir devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmetin, ilk i\u015f olarak tar\u0131m reformunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmezse kendini devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmet diye adland\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmelidir. S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir tar\u0131m reformu uygulayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan herhangi bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet, devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmet olamaz. Devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmet, tar\u0131m reformu yaparken, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye sadece fazlal\u0131k topraklar\u0131 vermekle kalmaz, as\u0131l fazlal\u0131k olmayanlar\u0131, latifundiya sahiplerinin elindeki en iyi, en verimli, zaten, eskiden k\u00f6yl\u00fcden \u00e7al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan topraklar\u0131 yine k\u00f6yl\u00fcye devredip toprak m\u00fclkiyeti d\u00fczenini k\u00f6k\u00fcnden de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir y\u00f6ntem uygular .<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m reformu i\u015fte budur, t\u00fcm devrimci h\u00fck\u00fcmetler bu hareket noktas\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tar\u0131m reformu temeli \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k olan sanayile\u015fme sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flar. Art\u0131k, \u00e7ok \u00e7apra\u015f\u0131k olaylara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmek zorunlulu\u011fu kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck uluslar\u0131n dostu \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7ler olmasa kolayca batabiliriz bu \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalarda. \u015eu s\u0131ralar, K\u00fcba gibi hi\u00e7 de \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 olmayan devrimci \u00fclkeler, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi ve Halk \u00c7in’inin onlarla dost olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kendi kendilerine sorabilirler. Bu soru kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 davranmay\u0131p, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin, \u00c7in’in ve t\u00fcm sosyalist \u00fclkelerin, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge, yar\u0131-s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ve kurtulmu\u015f \u00fclkeler gibi dostumuz oldu\u011funu var g\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fczle tekrarlamal\u0131y\u0131z. Latin Amerika devriminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi ancak bu dostlu\u011fu temel alabilir. Ger\u00e7ekten de, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi bize petrol verip \u015fekerimizi almayacak olsayd\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7lere katlanmak i\u00e7in halk\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fc, t\u00fcm inanc\u0131 ve t\u00fcm \u00f6zverisi gerekecekti. Bunun ard\u0131ndan da “Kuzey-Amerika demokrasisi”nin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerin, t\u00fcm K\u00fcba halk\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam d\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde verdi\u011fi sonu\u00e7lardan kuvvet kazanan b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7ler i\u015fba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ecekti. Baz\u0131 Latin Amerika h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri h\u00e2l\u00e2, bize darbe indirmek isteyenlerin ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6pmemizi, bizi savunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fcne t\u00fck\u00fcrmemizi \u00f6neriyor. Cevap olarak, XX. yy’da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lanmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011f\u00fctleyen b\u00f6ylelerine, \u00f6nce, K\u00fcba’n\u0131n kimsenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u011filmeyece\u011fini ve daha sonra da, bu h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 deneyimiyle bilen K\u00fcba’n\u0131n, bu \u00fclkelere t\u00fcm hainlerini kur\u015funa dizmelerini ve t\u00fcm tekellerini devletle\u015ftirmelerini \u00f6nermeyi hi\u00e7bir zaman akl\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irmedi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcba halk\u0131, i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131kan katileri kur\u015funa dizmi\u015f, diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ordusunu da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ama, tutup hi\u00e7bir Latin Amerika h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ayn\u0131 \u015feyi siz de yap\u0131n dememi\u015ftir. Oysaki, K\u00fcba bu \u00fclkelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcnde katiller oldu\u011funu iyi bilir. Dost bir \u00fclkede, kendi hareketimizin \u00fcyesi K\u00fcbal\u0131lar\u0131 katleden eski diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 hafiye bozuntular\u0131ndan s\u00f6zetmeye bile de\u011fmez…(2)<\/p>\n

Militanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n katilinin idam\u0131n\u0131 istemedik, ama, burada olsayd\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc… B\u00fcy\u00fck s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fczle ittifak kurmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fi art\u0131k tekrarlan\u0131p durmas\u0131n bize. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu, bir Latin Amerika h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin s\u00f6yleyebilece\u011fi en al\u00e7ak\u00e7a, en al\u00e7alt\u0131c\u0131 yaland\u0131r. K\u00fcba devrimini yapan bizler, t\u00fcm K\u00fcba halk\u0131, dostlar\u0131m\u0131za dost, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131m\u0131za d\u00fc\u015fman deriz. Bu ikisinin ortas\u0131 olmaz. Bizler, K\u00fcba halk\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir halk\u0131na, \u00f6rne\u011fin Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu’na kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l tav\u0131r almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretmiyoruz, bize de gelip \u00f6\u011f\u00fct vermelerini ho\u015f g\u00f6rm\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekeni biliyoruz, bunu yapmak istiyorlarsa \u00e7ok g\u00fczel, istemiyorlarsa kendileri bilir. Ama, \u00f6\u011f\u00fct kabul etmiyoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc biz son ana kadar yaln\u0131zd\u0131k. Kapitalist d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frudan sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayakta beklerken, kimseden yard\u0131m istemedik. Biz ve halk\u0131m\u0131z, ayaklanmam\u0131z\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na katlanmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, bug\u00fcn, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir buca\u011f\u0131ndan karde\u015flerimizin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm kongrelerde, t\u00fcm kurullarda aln\u0131m\u0131z ak, ba\u015f\u0131m\u0131z dik konu\u015fabiliyoruz. K\u00fcba Devrimi konu\u015ftu\u011funda yan\u0131labilir, ama asla yalan s\u00f6ylemez. Konu\u015fmak durumunda oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm k\u00fcrs\u00fclerde, K\u00fcba Devrimi, topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7e\u011fini dile getirir, dostlar\u0131n\u0131n da, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n da kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, herzaman bu ger\u00e7ekten s\u00f6zeder. Asla ta\u015f atmak i\u00e7in saklanmaz, asla kadifeler i\u00e7inde han\u00e7er gizleyen \u00f6nerilerde bulunmaz.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in bize sald\u0131ran \u00e7ok, ama Latin Amerika halklar\u0131n\u0131n her birine ne olabileceklerini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fimiz i\u00e7in daha da \u00e7ok sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011fruyoruz. Bu durum, emperyalizm i\u00e7in K\u00fcba’n\u0131n nikel madenlerinden, \u015feker fabrikalar\u0131ndan, Venez\u00fcella’n\u0131n petrol\u00fcnden, Meksika’n\u0131n pamu\u011fundan, \u015eili’nin bak\u0131r\u0131ndan, Arjantin’in kesimlik hayvanlar\u0131ndan, Paraguay’\u0131n matesinden, Brezilya’n\u0131n kahvesinden daha \u00f6nemlidir, tekelleri besleyen bu hammaddelerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemi de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr halbuki.<\/p>\n

Emperyalistler yolumuzun \u00fczerine ellerinden geldi\u011fince engel koymaktan \u00e7ekinmezler. Kendi elleriyle engel koymay\u0131 ba\u015faramad\u0131klar\u0131 zaman, ne yaz\u0131k ki, Latin Amerika’da bu i\u015fe aday olanlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar… \u0130simlerinin \u00f6nemi yok, kimseyi su\u00e7lamak istemiyoruz. Burada, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Betancourt’un yurtta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sorumlu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyemeyiz, o sadece, kendine demokratik diyen bir d\u00fczenin tutsa\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu demokratik rejim, Amerika i\u00e7in bir ba\u015fka \u00f6rnek olabilecekken, idam mangas\u0131n\u0131 zaman\u0131nda kullanamamak gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck bir beceriksizlik yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Venez\u00fcella demokratik h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Latin Amerika’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve eskiden K\u00fcba’ da oldu\u011fu gibi, eski hafiyelerin elinde tutsakt\u0131r .<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Betancourt’u cinayetle su\u00e7layamay\u0131z, burada yaln\u0131zca, devrimci tarihimizin ve devrimci inanc\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n deste\u011finde, bir g\u00fcn, halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Betancourt kendini art\u0131k bir ad\u0131m atamayacak kadar tutsak hissedip karde\u015f bir halk\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 isterse, K\u00fcba’n\u0131n, Venez\u00fcella’ya devrim alan\u0131ndaki deneylerinden birini g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere, orada haz\u0131r olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Betancourt’un, \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k i\u015fi ba\u015flatan\u0131n bizim diplomat\u0131m\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u0130\u015fin ucunda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ya da ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti vard\u0131. Daha yak\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u015fi \u00e7evirenler Batista’n\u0131n yanda\u015flar\u0131, daha da yak\u0131ndan incelendi\u011findeyse, bu \u00fclkede ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin yedeklerini olu\u015fturan, Batista’n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na b\u00fcr\u00fcnen, Batista’y\u0131 kovmak, fakat sistemi korumak isteyen Miro’lar, Quevedo’lar, Diaz Lanz’lar, Hubert Matos’lard\u0131… ve Venez\u00fcella’da operasyonlara ba\u015flayan gericili\u011fin emrindeki g\u00fc\u00e7ler. Venez\u00fcella h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin daha ge\u00e7enlerde, tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclen otomobil olay\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi kendi ordusu taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclme tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek ne kadar ac\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, Venez\u00fcella Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 kendi bask\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin elinde tutsakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc duyuyoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Venez\u00fcella, Sierra Maestra g\u00fcnlerinde K\u00fcba halk\u0131na en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yard\u0131m\u0131, en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc duyuyoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Venez\u00fcella, bizden \u00e7ok \u00f6nce, Perez Jimenez’in temsil etti\u011fi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en tiksinti verici gaddarl\u0131k sisteminden kurtulmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyoruz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, ilk olarak Fidel Castro, daha sonra da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Dortics, Venez\u00fcella’ya gitti\u011finde, heyetimiz en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterileriyle kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>\n

Venez\u00fcella halk\u0131 gibi y\u00fcksek politik bilince, b\u00fcy\u00fck sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 inanca eri\u015fen bir halk birka\u00e7 s\u00fcng\u00fcye, birka\u00e7 mermiye uzun s\u00fcre tutsak olmaz. S\u00fcng\u00fc ve mermiler el de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir, caniler kurbanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir .<\/p>\n

Benim g\u00f6revim burada bize zarar vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri say\u0131p d\u00f6kmek, arkam\u0131zdan indirilmek istenen zavall\u0131 han\u00e7er darbelerini bir bir anlatmak, ayaklanma ate\u015flerini k\u00f6r\u00fcklemek de\u011fil. Benim g\u00f6revim bu de\u011fil, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, her\u015feyden \u00f6nce, K\u00fcba hen\u00fcz tehlikeyi atlatmad\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bu k\u00f6\u015fesinde emperyalist sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n hedefi olmaktan kurtulamad\u0131. Hen\u00fcz hepinizin dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 var. S\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerin korktu\u011fu kesin. Onlar da, herkes gibi f\u00fczelerden, bombalardan korkar. Y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bombalar\u0131n kendi kar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6ylesine sevgiyle olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 her\u015feyin \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fini bug\u00fcn ilk kez g\u00f6rd\u00fcler. Elektronik makineleriyle hesaplara giri\u015fip sistemin iyi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna vard\u0131lar. Ama, bu K\u00fcba demokrasisini ortadan yoketmekten vazge\u00e7tikleri anlam\u0131na gelmez. Tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131ndan, K\u00fcba Devrimine kar\u015f\u0131 en iyi sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye hangisinin uygun oldu\u011funu bulup \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in yine bitmez t\u00fckenmez hesaplara giri\u015ftiler. \u00d6nlerinde \u0130digoras y\u00f6ntemi var, Nikaragua y\u00f6ntemi, Haiti y\u00f6ntemi var. \u015eimdi, Saint-Domingue y\u00f6ntemine de sahipler, ayr\u0131ca Florida kiral\u0131k asker y\u00f6ntemi, OAS y\u00f6ntemi de var. Do\u011frusu, pek \u00e7ok y\u00f6ntemlere ve bunlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcce sahipler .<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Arbenz ve halk\u0131 bu deneyimden ge\u00e7ti. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, Guatemala’da Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Arbenz’in eski tarz bir ordusu vard\u0131, halklar\u0131n dayan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 geriletebilece\u011fini de pek iyi anlayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gerekli anda, K\u00fcba Devrimini savunmak i\u00e7in, t\u00fcm hiziplere ulusal siyasi m\u00fccadeleleri unutturan bu dayan\u0131\u015fma, bizim en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerimizden biridir. Bunun b\u00fct\u00fcn Latin Amerika gen\u00e7li\u011finin de g\u00f6revi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc burada olup bitenler yenili\u011fi i\u00e7erir ve incelenmeye de\u011fer. \u0130yi oldu\u011funu sizlere ben s\u00f6yleyecek de\u011filim, kendi g\u00f6zlerinizle g\u00f6receksiniz.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6t\u00fc yanlar\u0131 var… biliyorum; \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmede bir\u00e7ok eksiklerimiz var, biliyorum. Sierra’ya gitseydiniz, hepiniz de belki bunlar\u0131 g\u00f6recektiniz. H\u00e2l\u00e2 “gerillac\u0131l\u0131k” var… biliyorum. Ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fimiz say\u0131ya bakarsan\u0131z korkun\u00e7 teknisyen a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z var. Ordumuzun hen\u00fcz gerekli m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe eri\u015fmedi\u011fini, milislerin hen\u00fcz bir ordu olu\u015fturacak bi\u00e7imde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmedi\u011fini biliyorum. Ama bildi\u011fim ve sizin de bilmenizi istedi\u011fim bir\u015fey varsa, o da devrimin, her zaman K\u00fcba halk\u0131n\u0131n iradesi hesaba kat\u0131larak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131; her k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn, her i\u015f\u00e7inin silah\u0131 iyi kullanam\u0131yorsa, her yeni g\u00fcnden silah\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi kullanmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer \u015fu anda, teknisyeni Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri’ne gitti\u011finden, makinas\u0131n\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131k ayg\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fini anlayam\u0131yorsa, i\u015f\u00e7imiz her g\u00fcn, bunu \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in, fabrikas\u0131n\u0131n daha iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in inceler, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, \u00e7aba harcar. K\u00f6yl\u00fcm\u00fcz, mekanik g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckleri yenmek i\u00e7in, kooperatifinin tarlas\u0131ndan en iyi verimi almak i\u00e7in trakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc inceler.<\/p>\n

Kentsel ve k\u0131rsal kesimde t\u00fcm K\u00fcbal\u0131lar, tek bir karde\u015flik duygusuyla birle\u015ferek, kesin ve kararl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde, kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 her sava\u015fta, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 her f\u0131rsatta, \u00f6zverisini, zekas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve a\u00e7\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in en mutlak bir g\u00fcvenle ba\u011fland\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fefin y\u00f6netiminde gelece\u011fe do\u011fru yol al\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zda bulunan bu halk, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden silinmesi gerekse bile, ilk hedefi olaca\u011f\u0131 bir atom sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n patlamas\u0131na neden olsa bile, bu ada t\u00fcm \u00fczerinde ya\u015fayanlarla birlikte yok olsa bile, her biriniz \u00fclkenize d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylerse bu halk, kendini mutlu ve \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc alm\u0131\u015f sayacakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n

“\u0130\u015fte d\u00f6nd\u00fck. S\u00f6zlerimizde, hen\u00fcz K\u00fcba ormanlar\u0131n\u0131n nemi seziliyor. Sierra Maestra’ya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u015fafa\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Ruhlar\u0131m\u0131z ve ellerimiz \u015fafa\u011f\u0131n tohumlar\u0131yla dolu, bunlar\u0131 topra\u011fa ekmeye, meyva versinler diye bek\u00e7ilik etmeye haz\u0131r\u0131z.”<\/p>\n

O zaman, t\u00fcm karde\u015f Latin Amerika \u00fclkelerinden, t\u00fcm topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan, halklar\u0131n sesi art\u0131k sonsuza kadar \u015fu cevab\u0131 verecektir:<\/p>\n

“\u00d6yle olsun, Latin Amerika’n\u0131n her kar\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck fethedilsin!”<\/p>\n

Ernesto Che Guevara<\/strong><\/p>\n

(28 Temmuz 1960) Latin Amerika Gen\u00e7li\u011fi Birinci Kongresi’inin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan konu\u015fma. <\/em><\/p>\n

Dipnot:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Latifundiya: Latin Amerika’da, ilkel y\u00f6ntemlerle ve yar\u0131-k\u00f6le \u00f6zellikte \u0131rgatl\u0131k ve \u00e7obanl\u0131k yap\u0131lan, sahibi \u00e7o\u011fu kez ba\u015fka yerde oturan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7iftlik.
2. S\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerin, Venez\u00fcella’da K\u00fcbal\u0131 diplomatlara kar\u015f\u0131 giri\u015ftikleri eylemden s\u00f6zediliyor .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u00e7inizden farkl\u0131 politik e\u011filimlere sahip bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi, d\u00fcn sorduklar\u0131 gibi, yar\u0131n soracaklar\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn de soruyorlar K\u00fcba devrimi nedir? \u0130deolojisi nas\u0131ld\u0131r? Hemen ard\u0131ndan da dostun-d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n bu durumda sordu\u011fu \u015fu soru gelir: “K\u00fcba devrimi, kom\u00fcnist bir devrim midir?” Kimisi umutla evet diye cevap verir, ya da kom\u00fcnizm yolu \u00fczerinde ilerledi\u011fini s\u00f6yler, kimisi belki biraz d\u00fc\u015fk\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6954","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-dunya"},"yoast_head":"\nLatin Amerika Gen\u00e7li\u011fine | Ernesto Che Guevara - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2018\/08\/01\/latin-amerika-gencligine-ernesto-che-guevara\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Latin Amerika Gen\u00e7li\u011fine | Ernesto Che Guevara\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0130\u00e7inizden farkl\u0131 politik e\u011filimlere sahip bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi, d\u00fcn sorduklar\u0131 gibi, yar\u0131n soracaklar\u0131 gibi, bug\u00fcn de soruyorlar K\u00fcba devrimi nedir? \u0130deolojisi nas\u0131ld\u0131r? 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