{"id":7144,"date":"2018-08-16T14:24:14","date_gmt":"2018-08-16T11:24:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wordpress\/2018\/08\/16\/bence-insan-ne-oldugunu-bilmekte-dikkatli-olmali-michel-de-montaigne\/"},"modified":"2024-04-27T06:59:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T03:59:58","slug":"bence-insan-ne-oldugunu-bilmekte-dikkatli-olmali-michel-de-montaigne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2018\/08\/16\/bence-insan-ne-oldugunu-bilmekte-dikkatli-olmali-michel-de-montaigne\/","title":{"rendered":"Bence insan ne oldu\u011funu bilmekte dikkatli olmal\u0131 | Michel de Montaigne"},"content":{"rendered":"![\"\"](\"http:\/\/narteks.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/michel_de_montaigne-150x150.jpg\")
Plinius’un dedi\u011fi gibi, herkes kendisi i\u00e7in bir derstir elverir ki insan kendini yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmesini bilsin. Benim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m, bildiklerimi s\u00f6ylemek de\u011fil, kendimi \u00f6\u011frenmektir; ba\u015fkas\u0131na de\u011fil kendime ders veriyorum. Ama bunlar\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131na da anlatmakla k\u00f6t\u00fc bir i\u015f yapm\u0131yorum: Bana yarar\u0131 olan bu i\u015fin belki ba\u015fkas\u0131na da yarar\u0131 olabilir. Zaten benim bir \u015feye dokundu\u011fum yok. Yaln\u0131z kendimle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorum; delilik ediyorum, bundan zarar g\u00f6recek ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fil, benim; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu \u00f6yle bir delilik ki bende ba\u015flay\u0131p bende bitiyor, hi\u00e7bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe yol a\u00e7m\u0131yor. Eskilerden yaln\u0131z iki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn bu i\u015fi denedi\u011fini s\u00f6ylerler; ama onlar\u0131n, yaln\u0131z adlar\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fimiz i\u00e7in benim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n t\u0131pk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz. Ruhumuzun ele avuca s\u0131\u011fmayan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemek, onun karanl\u0131k derinliklerine kadar inmek, t\u00fcrl\u00fc hallerindeki bunca incelikleri ay\u0131rdedip yazmak san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha zahmetli bir i\u015ftir. Sonra bir taraftan bu i\u015fin o kadar ba\u015fka, o kadar garip bir zevki de var ki insan\u0131 d\u00fcnya i\u015flerinden, hem de en de\u011ferli d\u00fcnya i\u015flerinden \u00e7ekip al\u0131yor. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimin kendimden ba\u015fka amac\u0131 yok; yaln\u0131z kendimi sorguya \u00e7ekiyor ve inceliyorum.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fka bir \u015feyi inceledi\u011fim de oluyor ama, onu da hemen kendime \u00e7ekiyor, daha do\u011frusu, kendime mal ediyorum; daha az yarar\u0131 olan \u00f6teki bilimlerde oldu\u011fu gibi, bu bilimde \u00f6\u011frendiklerimi ba\u015fkalar\u0131na bildiriyorsam, bunda hi\u00e7bir k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck g\u00f6rm\u00fcyorum. \u015eunu da s\u00f6yleyeyim ki \u00f6\u011frendiklerimle hi\u00e7 de yetinmiyorum. \u0130nsan\u0131n kendini anlatmas\u0131ndan daha zor ve daha yararl\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u015fey yoktur. \u00dcstelik, meydana \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in insan\u0131n s\u00fcslenmesi, kendine \u00e7ekid\u00fczen vermesi gerekiyor. Ben durmadan kendimi d\u00fczenliyorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc durmadan anlat\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n
Kendinden s\u00f6zetmeyi k\u00f6t\u00fc g\u00f6rmek, yasak etmek adet olmu\u015ftur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kendinden s\u00f6zetmek her zaman kendini \u00f6vmek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr kendini \u00f6vmekse herkesin z\u0131dd\u0131na gider. Ama kendinden s\u00f6zetmeyi yasak etmek, \u00e7ocu\u011fun burnunu silecek yerde, burnunu koparmak olur.<\/p>\n
\u0130n vitium ducit culpae fuga (Horatius)<\/em>
\nKusur korkusuyla su\u00e7 i\u015fliyoruz.<\/p>\nBu tedbirde ben kardan \u00e7ok zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum, hatta kendimden s\u00f6zetmek mutlaka \u00f6v\u00fcnmek olsa bile ben as\u0131l amac\u0131ma ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmak i\u00e7in, kendimdeki bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya koyacak bir i\u015ften ka\u00e7\u0131nmamal\u0131y\u0131m; i\u015fledi\u011fim, hem de edindi\u011fim bu kusuru gizlememeliyim. Ama, bana sorarsan\u0131z, bir\u00e7oklar\u0131 i\u00e7ip sarho\u015f oluyor diye, \u015farab\u0131 yasak etmek yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r fazla ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan \u015feyler hep iyi \u015feylerdir. Kendinden s\u00f6zetmenin k\u00f6t\u00fc say\u0131lmas\u0131 bence yaln\u0131z, halk\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fece\u011fi kaba hatalardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu t\u00fcrl\u00fc kurallar budalalara vurulan dizginlerdir: Ne azizler -ki kendilerinden pekala s\u00f6zederler-, ne filozoflar, ne bilginler bu kurallar\u0131 dinler; onlara hi\u00e7 benzememekle birlikte ben de bu kurallar\u0131 dinlemiyorum. Onlar\u0131n ere\u011fi kendilerini anlatmak de\u011fildir, ama s\u0131ras\u0131 gelince de kendilerini uluorta g\u00f6stermekten \u00e7ekinmezler. Sokrates kendinden s\u00f6zetti\u011fi kadar neden s\u00f6zeder? Hep m\u00fcritlerini de kendilerinden s\u00f6zetmeye, kitaplardan \u00f6\u011frendiklerini de\u011fil i\u00e7lerinde olup bitenleri anlatmaya d\u00fcrt\u00fcklemez mi? Tanr\u0131ya ve rahibe kendimizden s\u00f6zetmiyor muyuz? Protestan kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z bunu halk\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcnde yap\u0131yorlar. Diyeceksiniz ki, onlara yaln\u0131z k\u00f6t\u00fc taraflar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlat\u0131r\u0131z. Ama bu, her \u015feyi s\u00f6yl\u00fcyoruz demektir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc iyi taraf\u0131m\u0131z da b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcnahlardan ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Benim mesle\u011fim, sanat\u0131m ya\u015famakt\u0131r. Bana hayat\u0131m\u0131 duydu\u011fum, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi anlatmam\u0131 yasak edenler mimara da desinler ki, sen binalardan kendine g\u00f6re de\u011fil ba\u015fkas\u0131na g\u00f6re, kendi bilginle de\u011fil ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n bilgisiyle s\u00f6zedeceksin. Kimse sormadan kendi de\u011ferlerini ortaya koymak bir \u00f6v\u00fcnme ise ni\u00e7in Cicero Hortentius’un, Hortentius Cicero’nun s\u00f6z g\u00fczelli\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor?<\/p>\n
Bana diyebilirler ki: Kendini kuru s\u00f6zle de\u011fil i\u015fle ve eserle anlat. Ben her \u015feyden \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimi anlat\u0131yorum, bunlarsa \u00fcn ve eser haline gelemeyecek kadar belirsiz \u015feyler: Onlar\u0131 s\u00f6z haline getirmekte bile g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorum. Bir\u00e7ok olgun ve de\u011ferli insanlar herhangi bir i\u015f g\u00f6rmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler kendimizden \u00e7ok rastlant\u0131lar\u0131n eseridir: Bu i\u015fler kendi \u00f6zlerini belli ederler; beni ise ancak \u015f\u00f6yle b\u00f6yle, belli belirsiz, par\u00e7a par\u00e7a g\u00f6sterebilirler.<\/p>\n
Ben kendimi oldu\u011fum gibi g\u00f6steriyorum: \u00d6yle bir beden yap\u0131s\u0131 koyuyorum ki ortaya bir bak\u0131\u015fta damarlar\u0131, kaslar\u0131, her \u015feyi yerli yerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsunuz.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, sararma, yahut y\u00fcrek \u00e7arpmas\u0131 yaln\u0131z bedenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131, onu da \u015f\u00f6yle b\u00f6yle, g\u00f6sterebilir. Ben yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fil, kendimi, \u00f6z benli\u011fimi anlat\u0131yorum.<\/p>\n
Bence insan ne oldu\u011funu bilmekte dikkatli olmal\u0131; iyi taraf\u0131n\u0131 da, k\u00f6t\u00fc taraf\u0131n\u0131 da ayn\u0131 titizlikle ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer ben kendimi iyi ve olgun g\u00f6rseydim, bunu ba\u011f\u0131ra ba\u011f\u0131ra s\u00f6ylerdim. Kendimi oldu\u011fumdan az g\u00f6stermek, al\u00e7akg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck de\u011fil, budalal\u0131kt\u0131r; kendine de\u011ferinden az paha bi\u00e7mek korkakl\u0131kt\u0131r, p\u0131s\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131kt\u0131r. Aristoteles’e g\u00f6re, hi\u00e7bir iyilik sahtelikle bir arada gitmez; do\u011fru hi\u00e7bir zaman yanl\u0131\u015fa yer vermez. Kendini oldu\u011fundan fazla g\u00f6stermek de, \u00e7o\u011fu kez gururdan de\u011fil budalal\u0131ktand\u0131r. Bence bu kendini be\u011fenme illetinin esas\u0131, kendinden pek fazla ho\u015flanmak, kendi kendine hayas\u0131zca a\u015f\u0131k olmakt\u0131r. Bunun en iyi \u00e7aresi, kendinden s\u00f6zetmeyi yasaklayan ve b\u00f6ylece bizi kendimiz \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekten b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn al\u0131koyanlar\u0131n dediklerinin tam tersini yapmakt\u0131r. Gurur insan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir; s\u00f6ze d\u00f6k\u00fclen onun pek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu adamlar \u00f6yle san\u0131yorlar ki insan\u0131n kendi \u00fczerinde durmas\u0131, kendinden ho\u015flanmas\u0131, hep kendisiyle u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131 kendine fazla d\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcn olmas\u0131 demektir. Oysaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 benciller kendilerini pek \u00fcst\u00fcnk\u00f6r\u00fc bilenler, kendilerinden \u00f6nce i\u015flerine bakanlard\u0131r. Onlara g\u00f6re kendi kendisiyle ba\u015fba\u015fa kalmak, s\u0131rt\u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131p vakit \u00f6ld\u00fcrmektir; ruhunu zenginle\u015ftirmeye, kendini adam etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bo\u015f hayaller kurmakt\u0131r. Sanki kendimiz bizden ayr\u0131, bize yabanc\u0131 birisiymi\u015f gibi. Kendinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya bak\u0131p da kendi kafas\u0131na hayran olan adam, kendinden yukar\u0131ya, ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u00fczy\u0131llara g\u00f6zlerini kald\u0131rs\u0131n; o zaman y\u00fczlerce devin ayaklar\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalacak ve burnu k\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Kendi mertli\u011fiyle \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcp b\u00f6b\u00fcrleniyorsa, onu \u00e7ok geride b\u0131rakan Scipion’un, Epaminondas’\u0131n, bunca ordular\u0131n ve uluslar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlas\u0131n. \u0130nsan kendindeki eksik ve c\u0131l\u0131z de\u011ferleri, \u00fcstelik insan hayat\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7li\u011fini hesaba katarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek olursa, hi\u00e7bir de\u011feriyle \u00f6v\u00fcnmeye kalk\u0131\u015fmaz. Yaln\u0131z Sokrates, tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n dedi\u011fine uyup kendini ger\u00e7ekten tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6rmesini bildi\u011fi i\u00e7in Bilge ad\u0131n\u0131 almaya hak kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendini b\u00f6ylesine tan\u0131yan adam istedi\u011fi kadar kendinden s\u00f6zetsin.<\/p>\n
(Kitap 2, b\u00f6l\u00fcm 6)<\/p>\n
Kendimizi Tan\u0131mak | Denemeler – Michel de Montaigne<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Plinius’un dedi\u011fi gibi, herkes kendisi i\u00e7in bir derstir elverir ki insan kendini yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmesini bilsin. Benim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m, bildiklerimi s\u00f6ylemek de\u011fil, kendimi \u00f6\u011frenmektir; ba\u015fkas\u0131na de\u011fil kendime ders veriyorum. Ama bunlar\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131na da anlatmakla k\u00f6t\u00fc bir i\u015f yapm\u0131yorum: Bana yarar\u0131 olan bu i\u015fin belki ba\u015fkas\u0131na da yarar\u0131 olabilir. Zaten benim bir \u015feye dokundu\u011fum yok. Yaln\u0131z kendimle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorum; […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-7144","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-felsefe-genel"},"yoast_head":"\n
Bence insan ne oldu\u011funu bilmekte dikkatli olmal\u0131 | Michel de Montaigne - narteks.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/narteks.net\/index.php\/2018\/08\/16\/bence-insan-ne-oldugunu-bilmekte-dikkatli-olmali-michel-de-montaigne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bence insan ne oldu\u011funu bilmekte dikkatli olmal\u0131 | Michel de Montaigne\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Plinius’un dedi\u011fi gibi, herkes kendisi i\u00e7in bir derstir elverir ki insan kendini yak\u0131ndan g\u00f6rmesini bilsin. Benim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m, bildiklerimi s\u00f6ylemek de\u011fil, kendimi \u00f6\u011frenmektir; ba\u015fkas\u0131na de\u011fil kendime ders veriyorum. Ama bunlar\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131na da anlatmakla k\u00f6t\u00fc bir i\u015f yapm\u0131yorum: Bana yarar\u0131 olan bu i\u015fin belki ba\u015fkas\u0131na da yarar\u0131 olabilir. Zaten benim bir \u015feye dokundu\u011fum yok. 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